Soil organic matter and related soil properties in forest, grassland and cultivated land use types

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeoh Chooi Keen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Land Use Types

scholarly journals Effects of Land Use Types on Selected Soil Properties in Central Highlands of Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Daniel Jaleta Negasa
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium Percentage ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Sodium Percentage ◽  
Central Highlands ◽  
Effects Of Land Use

Rapid land use changes have been observed in recent years in central Ethiopia. The shift from natural ecosystem to artificial ecosystem is the main direction of change. Therefore, this study was initiated to assess the effects of land use types on selected soil properties in Meja watershed, central highlands of Ethiopia. The randomized complete block design, including three adjacent land use types as treatments with three replications and two soil depths (0–15 and 15–30 cm), was applied in this study. There were significant differences in some soil properties among the three land use types. Lower soil pH and electric conductivity were observed in cultivated land soils than Eucalyptus woodlots soils. This has indicated the worsening soil conditions due to the shift from Eucalyptus woodlots to cultivated land. Less decomposition rate of the Eucalyptus leaves and debris collection for fuel could result in lowest soil organic carbon at the upper layer of Eucalyptus woodlot soils. However, the highest soil organic carbon at the lower layer was observed in Eucalyptus woodlot soils. The presence of highest soil potassium, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable potassium in cultivated land soil was related to application of artificial fertilizers. Grassland soils have highest exchangeable sodium at the lower layer while highest soil carbon and sum cations at the upper layer, which can be related to the grass root biomass return and less surface runoff on grassland. There was the highest exchangeable sodium percentage on Eucalyptus woodlot soils at the upper layer; it can be due to the less surface nutrient movement and growth characteristics of the tree. The soils in cultivated land was shifted to more acidic and less electric conductivity.This shift can lead to soil quality deterioration that affects the productivity of the soils in the future.Nutrient leaching, application of artificial fertilizer, soil erosion, and continuous farming have affected the soil properties in cultivated land. The presence of highest exchangeable sodium percentage and lowest sum of cations at the upper layer of soil in Eucalyptus woodlot should be noted for management and decision makers. The previous negative speculations on Eucalyptus woodlots which can be related with the soil texture, soil moisture, bulk density, total nitrogen, exchangeable magnesium, calcium, and available sulfur should be avoided because there were no significant differences observed among the three land use types in the study area. The study recommends further studies on the effects of Eucalyptus on soil properties by comparing among different ages and species of Eucalyptus. Finally, planting of Eucalyptus on central highlands of Ethiopia should be supported by land use management decision.

Evaluation of soil quality in different land uses in the Mengzi Gabin Basin, Southwest of China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqun Tang ◽  
Zhijie Shan ◽  
Yang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Total Potassium

<p>Re-vegetation has been widely carried out to prevent land degradation, reduce soil erosion, and improve soil quality. In order to investigate the characteristics of soil nutrients content in different land use types of karst gabin basin, soil organic matter, soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus, soil total potassium, soil pH, and soil texture in woodland, agricultural land, orchard, and grassland were surveyed in Mengzi Gabin Basin, Southwest of China. The difference of soil indicators between vegetation types was analyzed, and soil fertility quality of four land use types was comprehensively evaluated by the soil quality index (SQI). The results showed that land use significantly affected soil organic matter content. Soil organic matter content was the highest in grassland, followed by agricultural land and forest land, while orchard was lowest. There was a significant difference in soil total nitrogen content between different land uses. The total nitrogen content in farmland soil was the highest, followed by grassland and woodland, and the lowest in the orchard. Woodand had the highest total potassium content and the lowest total phosphorus content. The grassland soil had the highest total phosphorus content and the lowest total potassium content. pH value in the four land use types was acidic, ranged from 5.82 to 6.67. The soil quality index showed that woodland had the highest soil fertility quality. The results of the study could provide the basis of soil nutrients variation and status in Gabin basin, and also provides support for evaluating the soil improvements during vegetation restoration in fragile Karst ecosystems.</p>

Prediction of soil organic matter variability associated with different land use types in mountainous landscape in southwestern Yunnan province, China

CATENA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiliang Liu ◽  
Nannan An ◽  
Juejie Yang ◽  
Shikui Dong ◽  
Cong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Mountainous Landscape

scholarly journals Effects of land use changes on the dynamics of selected soil properties in northeast Wellega, Ethiopia

SOIL ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemayehu Adugna ◽  
Assefa Abegaz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract. Land use change can have negative or positive effects on soil quality. Our objective was to assess the effects of land uses changes on the dynamics of selected soil physical and chemical properties. Soil samples were collected from three adjacent soil plots under different land uses, namely forestland, grazing land, and cultivated land at 0–15 cm depth. Changes in soil properties on cultivated and grazing land were computed and compared to forestland, and ANOVA (analysis of variance) was used to test the significance of the changes. Sand and silt proportions, soil organic content, total nitrogen content, acidity, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable Ca2+ content were higher in forestlands. Exchangeable Mg2+ was highest in grazing land, while clay, available phosphorous, and exchangeable K+ were highest in cultivated land. The percentage changes in sand, clay, soil organic matter, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ were higher in cultivated land than in grazing land and forestland. In terms of the relation between soil properties, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable Ca2+ were strongly positively correlated with most of soil properties, while available phosphorous and silt have no significant relationship with any of the other considered soil properties. Clay has a negative correlation with all soil properties. Generally, cultivated land has the least concentration of soil physical and chemical properties except clay and available phosphorous, which suggests an increasing degradation rate in soils of cultivated land. So as to increase soil organic matter and other nutrients in the soil of cultivated land, the integrated implementation of land management through compost, cover crops, manures, minimum tillage, crop rotation, and liming to decrease soil acidity are suggested.

scholarly journals Effects of landscape positions on soil physicochemical properties at Shenkolla Watershed, South Central Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Belayneh Bufebo ◽  
Eyasu Elias ◽  
Getachew Agegnehu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Landscape Position ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Land Use Types

Abstract Background Understanding the effects of landscape positions on soil physicochemical properties is crucial for improving the soil productivity and to ensure the environmental sustainability. Three land use types forest land, grazing land and cultivated land all within upper, middle and lower landscape positions were selected to determine the effects of landscape positions, land use types and their interaction effects on soil physicochemical properties. Twenty seven soil samples were collected from lower landscape, middle landscape and upper landscape positions at the depth of 0–20 cm in nine replications. In addition, undisturbed soil samples were taken using core sampler from each land use type under upper, middle and lower landscape positions for the ascertainment of bulk density and water retentive capacity. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to determine variations in soil parameters among landscape positions and land use types. A Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) analysis was conducted to determine the influence of independent (fixed) factors, on the soil properties (response variables). Treatment means comparison was determined using the Least Significant Difference (LSD) at 0.05 level of significances. Results The result indicated that among the soil properties sand (p < 0.001), silt (p < 0.001), clay (p < 0.001), bulk density (p < 0.01), water holding capacity at FC (p < 0.001), water retention at PWP (p < 0.01), Available water content (AWC) (p < 0.01), soil reaction (pH) (p < 0.05), Soil organic carbon (SOC%) (p < 0.01), Total nitrogen (TN%) (p < 0.01), available phosphorus (p < 0.05) and CEC (p < 0.001) have shown a significant variation among the landscape categories. Similarly, variation of sand (p < 0.001), silt (p < 0.001), clay (p < 0.001), bulk density (p < 0.01), water holding capacity at FC (p < 0.001), water retention at PWP (p < 0.001), Available water content (AWC) (p < 0.01), soil reaction (pH) (p < 0.01), SOC (p < 0.01), TN (p < 0.001) available phosphorus (AP) (p < 0.001) and CEC (p < 0.001) were also statistically significant among the land use types. Moreover, lower landscape position and forest land had high mean value of SOC, TN, AP, CEC, EB (exchangeable bases), and available micronutrients, whereas upper landscape position and intensively cultivated land had low mean value of SOC, TN, AP, CEC, EB (exchangeable bases), and available micronutrients. Conclusion Landscape positions, land use types and interaction effects of landscape position and land use types (LSP * LU) significantly affected soil properties. Soil with best quality was found in lower landscape position and forest land, while less quality of soil was found in upper landscape position and cultivated land. Thus, efforts should be made to improve the quality of soil under upper landscape position and cultivated land using biological and physical soil conservation measures.

Rational land-use types in the karst regions of China: Insights from soil organic matter composition and stability

CATENA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Chang ◽  
Jianxing Zhu ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
Hongxin Su ◽  
Yang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Composition ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Composition

Impact of rainforest transformation into oil-palm plantations on Si pools in soils

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britta Greenshields ◽  
Barbara von der Lühe ◽  
Harold J. Hughes ◽  
Aiyen B. Tjoa ◽  
Daniela Sauer
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Topographic Position ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Land Use Transformation ◽  
Oil Palms

&lt;p&gt;As oil-palm plantations are expanding rapidly in SE Asia, it is essential to ensure that soil functions are sustained after land-use transformation. This includes the maintenance of well-balanced soil nutrient levels to prevent soil degradation as well as understanding soil silicon (Si) dynamics to optimize oil-palm management. However, studies on the influence of oil-palm cultivation on soil Si pools have not yet been undertaken, although it is known that oil palms accumulate Si in their biomass and should thus affect Si pools and cycling. We hypothesized that under oil-palm monocultures, Si losses may exceed Si input into soils, due to (1) erosion of phytolith-enriched topsoils, (2) increased Si uptake by oil palms, (3) harvest and palm-frond management. The aim of this study is to compare Si pools in Acrisols of Sumatra (Indonesia) under rainforest and oil-palm plantations to assess whether these soil Si pools are significantly depleted under oil-palm plantations. We included both well-drained and riparian sites, hypothesizing that riparian sites are less prone to net Si depletion, as they receive additional Si through regular flooding and slope water from higher areas. Soil samples (1 g) from soil profiles (&amp;#8804; 1 m, n = 4 for each land-use type and topographic position) were subjected to sequential Si extraction to determine mobile Si, adsorbed Si, Si in soil organic matter, Si occluded in pedogenic oxides and hydroxides, and biogenic Si.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Si in soil organic matter (SOM) and biogenic Si represent the largest Si pools in the Acrisols. Our preliminary results suggest that these pools are controlled by land use rather than by topographic position (riparian versus well-drained). Ah horizons under oil-palm plantations have lower contents of Si in SOM (0.052-1.04 mg g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) than those under rainforest (0.59-1.5 mg g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;). There is no significant difference between well-drained and riparian sites, as Si input by slope water and flooding does not affect Si in SOM. Besides, the concentrations of biogenic Si are lower in soils under oil-palm plantations than under rainforest. The contents of both mobile and adsorbed Si in soils are similar to marginally higher in riparian soils (5-30 &amp;#181;g g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;), compared to well-drained soils (5-20 &amp;#181;g g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;), with no clear difference between land-use types. These Si fractions unlike Si in SOM are most directly influenced by Si input through slope water and flooding.&lt;/p&gt;

Sea spray and land use affect clay mineral and soil organic matter properties in soil on machair (Harris, Scotland)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilo Rennert ◽  
Ludger Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Sea Spray ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pedogenic Process

&lt;p&gt;&amp;#8216;Machair&amp;#8217; describes a landscape form that is present along the Atlantic seaboard of Scotland and Ireland, and that is characterized by a gently sloping coastal plain developed from aeolian carbonate and quartzose sand. We characterized three grassland soil profiles along a coastal transect on Harris (Outer Hebrides, Scotland) by standard methods (colour, texture, pH, wet-chemical extractions), infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and differential scanning calorimetry. Our aim was to understand the impacts of humankind, matter input, weathering and accumulation of soil organic matter (SOM) on chemical processes and soil properties. One of the profiles differed distinctly from the other two, in particular regarding depth, texture, carbonate and SOM contents, and properties of SOM (relative content of rather labile permanganate-oxidizable SOM, transformation state), presumably caused by earlier land use as arable land. We classified the soil with the least depth as Hypereutric Leptosol, and the others as Cambic and Calcaric Phaeozem. Thermally stable SOM was present in all samples, likely pointing to pyrogenic SOM, i.e. black carbon. The mineralogical composition differed among the profiles and reflected the intermediate character of the local rocks. In all topsoil horizons, we identified Mg-hydroxy-interlayered minerals (HIMs), which are rather rare, given the commonly low abundance of Mg ions in the soil solution relative to Ca, or Al in acidic soil. The share of Mg-HIMs of the total minerals in the clay fraction ranged from 25% in a subsoil to 71% in a topsoil horizon. We suggest that sea spray is the source of subsequently intercalated Mg. This composition of the clay fraction, which is possibly typical of soil on certain machair sites, and is the result of a pedogenic process, surely affects soil properties and processes such as cation exchange capacity and SOM storage and thus element cycles.&lt;/p&gt;

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