scholarly journals Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Citrus sinensis var. late Valencia fruits at various stages of development

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adu Francis ◽  
Antwi Apenteng John ◽  
Kuntworbe Noble ◽  
Gariba Akanwariwiak William ◽  
Appiah Theresa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Stages Of Development

scholarly journals Phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activities of Citrus sinensis peel extracts

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sok Sian Liew ◽  
Wan Yong Ho ◽  
Swee Keong Yeap ◽  
Shaiful Adzni Bin Sharifudin
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Acetone Water

Background Citrus sinensis peels are usually discarded as wastes; however, they are rich sources of Vitamin C, fibre, and many nutrients, including phenolics and flavonoids which are also good antioxidant agents. This study aimed to examine phytochemical composition and antioxidant capabilities of C. sinensis peel extracted conventionally with different methanol/water, ethanol/water, and acetone/water solvents. Methods C. sinensis peels were subjected to extraction with 100%, 70% and 50% of methanol, ethanol, and acetone, respectively, as well as hot water extraction. Antioxidant activities of the peel extracts were examined via the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of the extracts were measured via the Folin-Ciocalteau method and the aluminium chloride colorimetric method, respectively. Phenolic acid and organic acid composition of the peel extracts were further determined via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) while flavonoid content was identified via ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Results DPPH radical scavenging activity of C. sinensis peel extracts varied from 8.35 to 18.20 mg TE/g, FRAP ranged from 95.00 to 296.61 mmol Fe(II)/g, while ORAC value ranged from 0.31 to 0.92 mol TE/g. Significant level of association between the assays was observed especially between TPC and FRAP (R-square = 0.95, P < 0.0001). TPC of various C. sinensis peel extracts ranged from 12.08 to 38.24 mg GAE/g, with 70% acetone/water extract (AEC) showing the highest TPC. TFC ranged from 1.90 to 5.51 mg CE/g. Extraction yield ranged from 0.33 to 0.54 g/g DW and tended to increase with increasing water concentration in the solvent. In the phytochemical investigation, five phenolic acids were identified using HPLC, including gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid and ferulic acid. A total of five organic acids including lactic acid, citric acid, L-mallic acid, kojic acid and ascorbic acid were quantified via HPLC. In addition, concentrations of six flavonoids including catechin, epigallocatechin, vitexin, rutin, luteolin and apigenin were determined via UPLC. Discussion and Conclusion Phytochemicals including phenolics and flavonoids in C. sinensis peel extracts exhibited good antioxidant properties. Among the extracts, 70% AEC with highest TPC and high TFC content showed greatest antioxidant activity in all three assays. Different phenolic acids, organic acids and flavonoids were also identified from the extracts. This study indicated that C. sinensis peels contained potential antioxidant compounds which could be exploited as value added products in the food industry.

scholarly journals Solvent Free-microwave Green Extraction of Essential Oil from Orange Peel (Citrus sinensis L.): Effects on Shelf Life of Flavored Liquid Whole Eggs during Storage under Commercial Retail Conditions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malek Aboudaou ◽  
Mohamed Amine Ferhat ◽  
Mohamed Hazzit ◽  
Agustín Ariño ◽  
Djamel Djenane
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Juice Extraction ◽  
Retail Conditions

A possible way to valorize citrus peels, which are byproducts of the juice extraction industry, is to use them as natural biopreservatives. In this paper we present early results from a compared Solvent Free Microwave Extraction (SFME) with Hydro-Distillation (HD) and Cold Pressing (CP) of essential oils (EOs) using fresh orange peel (Citrus sinensis L. var. Valencia late), a by-product in the production of orange juice in Algeria. The EOs were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). All extracted C. sinensis EOs were chemotype limonene (94.64 to 95.48%). SFME is performed without added any solvent or water. SFME increases EO yield and eliminate wastewater treatment, resulting in a great progress in terms of time and cost efficiency. In its second part, the present study was conducted to evaluate &ldquo;in vitro&rdquo;, the antioxidant activities of Solvent Free Microwave (SFM) extracted orange EO by using the DPPH&bull; (2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrilhydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay. The ability of orange EO to scavenge the free radical DPPH&bull; was high, exceeding 80%. The result of the DPPH assay gives an IC50 range value of 89.25 &mu;g/mL (0.09 mg/mL) for the studied sample. Accordingly to the scientific literature, C. sinensis EO tested in the present study presented strong antioxidant activity, when looking to its values of AAI = 1.12 &mu;g/mL. The feasibility of biopreservation used EOs as an alternative to synthetic techniques for liquid whole egg (LWE) stored under commercial retail conditions was investigated. The orange EO extracted by SFM was screened for its antibacterial and antioxidant activities in LWE at concentrations of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%. The TBA-RS results showed that the EO treatments significantly (p &lt; 0.05) reduced the lipid oxidation in LWE. The long term oxidative, microbial and organoleptical stability of the LWE during display was positively influenced by orange EO treatments. Therefore, the results obtained here confirm that EO treatment as a promising technology to extend the commercial shelf-life of liquid egg products during retail/display.

Determination of Polyphenols Content and Antioxidant Activity of Citrus sinensis Fruit Peel

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 716-724
Author(s):  
ABDELKADER BASLI ◽  
Ahmed Benmahammed
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits

Citrus fruits have long been qualified as veritable foods in view of the many therapeutic benefits they bring to the body. Several researchers have stud-ied the relationship between the bioactive compounds of Citrus and the health benefits and reduction of the risk of disease. Citrus sinensis, used in the food industry and its extracts have also been used in traditional medicine to activate vital energy, circulation, and weight loss, and appetite control. However, limited efforts have been made on collecting data on antioxidant potential of peels orange from the northern region of Algeria. Our study, therefore, focuses on the evaluation of total polyphenols compounds and in vitro assessment of their antioxidant potential of peels orange from the northern region of Algeria. The ethyl acetate and n-butanolic fractions from peels orange have been tested for their antioxidant activities and their lipid peroxidation inhibiting effects. The total phenolic and flavonoids content showed high levels. The preliminary phytochemical screening of tannins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, coumarin, and alkaloids was also used. DPPH assay possesses strong potency to scavenge free radicals. The NO. radi-cal scavenging test exerts a good inhibitory effect. Furthermore, orange peels have been shown to suppress the lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid. Results further revealed a strong correlation between antioxidant effects and polyphenolic compounds. The high antioxidant activity of peel orange suggests that it could serve as a good natural antioxidant additive or food dietary supplement.

Improvement of cytoprotective and antioxidant activity of Rosa canina L. and Salix alba L. by controlled differential sieving process against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in mouse primary splenocytes

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhal Soualeh ◽  
Aliçia Stiévenard ◽  
Elie Baudelaire ◽  
Rachid Soulimani ◽  
Jaouad Bouayed
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Salix Alba ◽  
Rosa Canina ◽  
Free Process ◽  
Plant Powders ◽  
Sieving Process

Abstract. In this study, cytoprotective and antioxidant activities of Rosa canina (RC) and Salix alba (SA), medicinal plants, were studied on mouse primary splenocytes by comparing Controlled Differential Sieving process (CDSp), which is a novel green solvent-free process, versus a conventional technique, employing hydroethanolic extraction (HEE). Thus, preventive antioxidant activity of three plant powders of homogeneous particle sizes, 50–100 µm, 100–180 µm and 180–315 µm, dissolved directly in the cellular buffer, were compared to those of hydroethanolic (HE) extract, at 2 concentrations (250 and 500 µg/mL) in H2O2-treated spleen cells. Overall, compared to HE extract, the superfine powders, i. e., fractions < 180 µm, at the lowest concentration, resulted in greater reactive oxygen species (ROS) elimination, increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) production. Better antioxidant and preventive effects in pre-treated cells were found with the superfine powders for SA (i. e., 50–100 µm and 100–180 µm, both p < 0.001), and with the intermediate powder for RC (i. e., 100–180 µm, p < 0.05) versus HE extract. The activity levels of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in pretreated splenocytes exposed to H2O2, albeit reduced, were near to those in unexposed cells, suggesting that pretreatment with the fine powders has relatively restored the normal levels of antioxidant-related enzymes. These findings supported that CDSp improved the biological activities of plants, avoiding the use of organic solvents and thus it could be a good alternative to conventional extraction techniques.

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