scholarly journals In vitro assessment of antimicrobial potency and synergistic effects of three medicinal plants (Mentha arvensis, Carissa carandas and Calendula officinalis) extract against pathogenic bacteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 286-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Singh Bharti ◽  
Katiyar Deepmala ◽  
Tilak Ragini ◽  
Kumar Srivastava Ratan
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Mentha Arvensis ◽  
Carissa Carandas ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
Antimicrobial Potency

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AGAINST MULTI DRUG RESISTANT URINARY TRACT INFECTION CAUSING ORGANISMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Perumal G
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Drug ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The present study was isolate Bacterial pathogens form Urinary Tract Infection and identified the Bacterial pathogens from UTI patients. Determination of the antibiotic drug resistant pattern of the isolated pathogenic bacteria using standard antibiotic discs Ampicilin (25μg), Erithromycin (15μg), Chloramphenicol (10μg) Gentamicin (10μg) and Tetracycline (30 μg).The study was carried out, in vitro screening of ethanolic extracts of some medicinal plants against the bacterial pathogens Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosawere isolate from the UTI. When compared with standard antibiotic disc selected plants extracts were showed maximum zone of inhibition against all the pathogens. This investigation strongly recommends that phytochemical studies are required to determine the types of compounds responsible for the antibacterial effect of these medicinal plants. Key words: Bacterial pathogens, Antibiotic drug resistant pattern and Medicinal plants

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Some Traditionally Used Medicinal Plants against Human Pathogenic Bacteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishnu P. Marasini ◽  
Pankaj Baral ◽  
Pratibha Aryal ◽  
Kashi R. Ghimire ◽  
Sanjiv Neupane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

The worldwide increase of multidrug resistance in both community- and health-care associated bacterial infections has impaired the current antimicrobial therapy, warranting the search for other alternatives. We aimed to find thein vitroantibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of 16 different traditionally used medicinal plants of Nepal against 13 clinical and 2 reference bacterial species using microbroth dilution method. The evaluated plants species were found to exert a range ofin vitrogrowth inhibitory action against the tested bacterial species, andCynodon dactylonwas found to exhibit moderate inhibitory action against 13 bacterial species including methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus, imipenem-resistantPseudomonas aeruginosa, multidrug-resistantSalmonella typhi, andS. typhimurium. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of tested ethanolic extracts were found from 31 to >25,000 μg/mL. Notably, ethanolic extracts ofCinnamomum camphora, Curculigo orchioides, andCurcuma longaexhibited the highest antibacterial activity againstS. pyogeneswith a MIC of 49, 49, and 195 μg/mL, respectively; whereas chloroform fraction ofCynodon dactylonexhibited best antibacterial activity againstS. aureuswith a MIC of 31 μg/mL. Among all,C. dactylon, C. camphora, C. orchioides, andC. longaplant extracts displayed a potential antibacterial activity of MIC < 100 μg/mL.

scholarly journals Effect of Gallotannins Derived from Sedum takesimense on Tomato Bacterial Wilt

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 1593-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuy Thu Vu ◽  
Jin-Cheol Kim ◽  
Yong Ho Choi ◽  
Gyung Ja Choi ◽  
Kyoung Soo Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Methyl Gallate ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds ◽  
Tomato Bacterial Wilt

In the process of searching antibacterial agents from plants, we discovered that the methanol extract of Sedum takesimense showed potent antibacterial activity against Ralstonia solanacearum in vitro and in vivo. Eight antibacterial gallotannins were isolated from the aerial parts of S. takesimense and identified as gallic acid, methyl gallate, 4,6-di-O-galloylarbutin, 2,6-di-O-galloylarbutin, 2,4,6-tri-O-galloyl-glucose, 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-glucose, 1,2,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-glucose, and 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-glucose based on electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. These gallotannins displayed broad-spectrum activity against various plant-pathogenic bacteria, and the strongest in vitro antibacterial activities of these gallotannins were against R. solanacearum minimum inhibitory concentration = 0.02 to 0.10 g/liter). Among these gallotannins, methyl gallate and 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-glucose showed the strongest activities. In addition, synergistic or partial synergistic effects were observed in most combinations between major antibacterial compounds. The wettable powder formulation of the S. takesimense crude extract effectively reduced the development of tomato bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum under greenhouse conditions for 14 days after infection. This is the first report on the isolation of antibacterial compounds from S. takesimense. These results suggest that the extract from S. takesimense or the isolated gallotannins could be used as natural bactericides for the control of tomato bacterial wilt.

In vitro assessment of N-(benzyl)chitosan derivatives against some plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Entsar I. Rabea ◽  
Mohamed E.I. Badawy ◽  
Walter Steurbaut ◽  
Christian V. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Chitosan Derivatives ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration protocol for artificial seed production in an important medicinal plant Mentha arvensis L

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
MA Bari
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mentha Arvensis ◽  
Artificial Seed ◽  
Artificial Seed Production

Context: The application of encapsulated shoot tips and nodal segments may contribute to the protection of rare and threatened medicinal plants. Although the artificial seed technique has been reported for more than two decades, for medicinal plants this method has not been developed sufficiently. The main limitations in conventional propagation of some species with medicinal value are: reduced endosperm, low germination rate and seedless varieties. The above mentioned reasons indicate the need for the production of artificial seeds as a technique which combines the advantages of clonal multiplication with those of seed propagation and storage. Objectives: The objective of the present investigation was to standardize artificial seed production technology taking shoot tip and nodal explants in Mentha arvensis and its in vitro regeneration Materials and Methods: Sodium alginate beads were produced by encapsulation of shoot tip and nodal segments of the plant M. arvensis. MS medium was used as basal medium with agar and sodium alginate was used as gelling agent accompanied by CaCl2 solution. Results: Different concentrations and combinations of BAP, Kin and NAA were used in alginate bead in MS basal medium. Among the different concentrations of phytohormone, highest 80% of shoot formation was observed in MS medium containing 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.2 mg/l NAA from nodal segments of M. arvensis. Highest average number of shoot 9.87 ± 0.58 formation was obtained in the same medium but highest length of shoot 6.27 ± 0.29 cm was found in the medium having 1.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA. Conclusion: The present investigation clearly established and demonstrated the method of obtaining the artificial seed production in M. arvensis supported by different hormone concentrations DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v20i0.17722 J. bio-sci.  20:  99-108, 2012

Synergistic Effects of Silver Nanoparticles with Ethanolic Extract of Eucalyptus globules on Standard Pathogenic Bacteria in Vitro

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Jafari Sales ◽  
Afsoon Shariat
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Soxhlet Method ◽  
Eucalyptus Plant ◽  
Eucalyptus Globules

Introduction: Nowadays, with the increase of resistance due to overuse of synthetic chemical antibiotics, it seems necessary to find alternative drugs. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of silver nanoparticles and Eucalyptus globules (eucalyptus) ethanolic extract on standard bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Material and Methods: In this experimental study, aerial parts of Eucalyptus plant were collected from Marand city and identified as Eucalyptus plant by botanists of Islamic Azad University, Ahar Branch. In this study, eucalyptus ethanolic extract was prepared by Soxhlet method and the antibacterial effects of eucalyptus extract at concentrations of 20, 30, 50 and 400 mg / ml and silver nanoparticles at concentrations of 10, 20, 40 and 80 μg / ml with agar well diffusion methods and tubular dilution were investigated. Results: The results showed that the ethanolic extract of Eucalyptus had more antibacterial properties compared to silver nanoparticles. Eucalyptus extract and silver nanoparticles had a greater effect on gram-positive bacteria. The effect of the combination of eucalyptus extract and silver nanoparticles was much greater than the effect of either. Conclusion: The results showed that silver nanoparticles in combination with eucalyptus extract have good antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, this extract along with silver nanoparticles can be a good option for future studies in vivo to prepare antibacterial drugs.

Antimicrobial peptides isolated from the blood of farm animals

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pak-Lam Yu ◽  
Danitsja S. van der Linden ◽  
Haryadi Sugiarto ◽  
Rachel C. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Spectrum Activity ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics

The development of antimicrobial resistance by pathogenic bacteria has fuelled the search for alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Endogenous antimicrobial peptides have the potential to be used as new antimicrobial substances because they have low minimum inhibitory concentration in vitro, have broad-spectrum activity, neutralise lipopolysaccharides, promote wound healing and have synergistic effects with conventional antibiotics. Farm animals, in particular the blood that is a by-product of the meat and poultry industries, are an abundant, and currently underutilised, source of such antimicrobial peptides. These antimicrobial peptides could be isolated and developed into high-value products such as biopreservatives, topical neutraceutical products and pharmaceuticals. There have been some clinical trials of antimicrobial peptides as pharmaceutical products, but up to now, the trials have shown disappointing results. Further research and development is still needed before such peptides can be commercialised and full advantage taken of this waste product of the meat and poultry industries.

scholarly journals In Vitro Assessment Of The Antiplasmodial Activity Of Three Plants Extracts Used In Local Traditional Medicine In Saloum (Senegal)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ousmane Niass ◽  
Serigne Omar Sarr ◽  
Baba Dieye ◽  
Amadou Diop ◽  
Yerim Mbagnick Diop
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
Strychnos Spinosa ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts ◽  
Important Activity

Against the scourge of malaria in Africa and the development of chemo-resistance, discovering new natural cures is a major concern for many researchers. As a consequence, the present study was carried out in order, first, to identify the phytochemical compounds, and second, to assess the antiplasmodial activity, of three medicinal plants extracts, selected from an ethno-botany survey conducted in Senegal. The parts of the plants used were Strychnos spinosa (Strychnaceae) leaves and stems, Combretum glutinosum (Combretaceae) barks, and the whole aerial part of Pennisetum polystachion (Poaceae). Among these plants, the hydromethanolic extracts of Strychnos spinosa stems showed the most important activity against Plasmodium falciparum strains, with a IC50 of 15 μg/ml, followed by the leaves chlorophormic extracts and the ethyl acetate extracts of Pennisetum polystachion, with respective IC50 of 20 μg/ml and 21 μg/ml. Combretum glutinosum extracts showed the least important activity, in all tests.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial assay of some Nepalese medicinal plants

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 90-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijaya Laxmi Maharjan ◽  
Smritri Mainali ◽  
Bikash Baral
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Assay

Medicinal plants constitute several bioactive compounds that are antimicrobial. Due to the extensive need of the new antimicrobial compounds of plant origin the study was conducted. The present paper deals with the qualitative phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial assay of methanolic extracts of four medicinal plants namely Butea monosperma (seed), Cissampelos pareira (root), Myrica esculenta (bark) and Selinum tenuifolium (root). The standard phytochemical test of the extracts revealed the presence of polyphenols, glycosides and coumarins in all the plant extracts. For the in-vitro antimicrobial assay, agar well diffusion method was employed against human pathogenic bacteria (11) and phytopathogenic fungi (5). The extracts of C. pareira, M. esculenta were effective against all the tested bacteria and fungi which indicated their broad spectrum antimicrobial potential. The extract of B. monosperma was effective against B. subtilis, S. typhi, Acinetobacter species, F. oxysporum, F. moniliformie, E. turticum and S. roulfsii. But the extract of S. tenuifolium was ineffective against all the tested bacteria but was effective against all the fungal strains revealing it to have more antifungal potential. The antimicrobial properties of these plant extracts may be due to the presence of various secondary metabolites. The results provided evidence that the studied plants might indeed be employed in the management of microbial infections. Key words: Plant extract; Phytochemicals; Antibacterial; Antifungal DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sw.v9i9.5526 SW 2011; 9(9): 90-92

scholarly journals Isolation of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants used in traditional medicine: Rautandiol B, a potential lead compound against Plasmodium falciparum

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiana J. Dawurung ◽  
Minh T. H. Nguyen ◽  
Jutharat Pengon ◽  
Kanchana Dokladda ◽  
Ratchanu Bunyong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Lead Compound ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Components

Abstract Background Neorautanenia mitis, Hydnora abyssinica, and Senna surattensis are medicinal plants with a variety of traditional uses. In this study, we sought to isolate the bioactive compounds responsible for some of these activities, and to uncover their other potential medicinal properties. Methods The DCM and ethanol extracts of the roots of N. mitis and H. abyssinica, and the leaves of S. surattensis were prepared and their phytochemical components were isolated and purified using chromatographic methods. These extracts and their pure phytochemical components were evaluated in in-vitro models for their inhibitory activities against Plasmodium falciparum, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, α-amylase (AA), and α-glucosidase (AG). Results Rautandiol B had significant inhibitory activities against two strains of Plasmodium falciparum showing a high safety ratio (SR) and IC50 values of 0.40 ± 0.07 μM (SR - 108) and 0.74 ± 0.29 μM (SR - 133) against TM4/8.2 and K1CB1, respectively. While (−)-2-isopentenyl-3-hydroxy-8-9-methylenedioxypterocarpan showed the highest inhibitory activity against T. brucei rhodesiense with an IC50 value of 4.87 ± 0.49 μM (SR > 5.83). All crude extracts showed inhibitory activities against AA and AG, with three of the most active phytochemical components; rautandiol A, catechin, and dolineon, having only modest activities against AG with IC50 values of 0.28 mM, 0.36 mM and 0.66 mM, respectively. Conclusion These studies have led to the identification of lead compounds with potential for future drug development, including Rautandiol B, as a potential lead compound against Plasmodium falciparum. The relatively higher inhibitory activities of the crude extracts against AG and AA over their isolated components could be due to the synergistic effects between their phytochemical components. These crude extracts could potentially serve as alternative inhibitors of AG and AA and as therapeutics for diabetes.

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