scholarly journals Strain improvement in Pleurotus Ostreatus using UV light and ethyl methyl sulfonate as mutagens

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 432-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharma Rishu ◽  
M. Sharma B.
Keyword(s):  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Strain Improvement ◽  
Ethyl Methyl ◽  
Methyl Sulfonate ◽  
Ethyl Methyl Sulfonate

scholarly journals Ethyl Methyl Sulfonate-Induced Mutagenesis and Its Effects on Peanut Agronomic, Yield and Quality Traits

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 655
Author(s):  
Tingting Chen ◽  
Luping Huang ◽  
Miaomiao Wang ◽  
Yang Huang ◽  
Ruier Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Ethyl Methyl ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Methyl Sulfonate ◽  
Cultivated Peanut ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Ethyl Methyl Sulfonate

Peanut is an important oilseed and food crop worldwide; however, the development of new cultivars is limited by its remarkably low genetic variability. Therefore, in order to enhance peanut genetic variability, here, we treated two widely cultivated peanut genotypes, Huayu 22 and Yueyou 45, with different concentrations of the mutagen ethyl methyl sulfonate (EMS) for different durations. Based on median lethal dose (LD50) value, optimal EMS treatment concentrations for each duration were identified for each genotype. Mutants induced by EMS differed in various phenotypic traits, including plant height, number of branches, leaf characteristics, and yield and quality in plants of the M2 generation. Moreover, we identified potentially useful mutants associated with dwarfism, leaf color and shape, high oil and/or protein content, seed size and testa color, among individuals of the M2 generation. Mutations were stably inherited in M3-generation individuals. In addition to their contribution to the study and elucidation of the mechanisms underlying the regulation of the expression of some important agronomic traits, the mutants obtained in this study provide valuable germplasm resources for use in peanut improvement programs.

scholarly journals Keragaan tiga jenis planlet anggrek Phalaenopsis asal Protocorm yang diinduksi Ethyl Methyl Sulfonate (EMS) secara in vitro

Kultivasi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romiyadi Romiyadi ◽  
Ai Komariah ◽  
Suseno Amien
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Ethyl Methyl ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Methyl Sulfonate ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Ethyl Methyl Sulfonate

Abstract. This research was conducted to determine the effect of concentration of Ethyl Methyl Sulfonate (EMS) to performance of three types of Phalaenopsis Planlets and to know the optimum concentration of EMS on any type of Phalaenopsis orchids. The experiment was conduc-ted at Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Winaya Mukti University, Sumedang. It used a completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial pattern, that consisted of two factors and replicated twice.The first factor was the type of Phalaenopsis that resulted form hybridization which consisted of v1 (Phalaenopsis 717 X Phalae-nopsis Fire Bird), v2 (Phalaenopsis Tianong Rose X Sibling), and v3 (Phalaenopsis Luchia Pink X Phalae-nopsis Chain Xen Mammon). The second factor was the concentration of EMS that consisted of e0 (0% EMS/control), e1 (0,05% EMS), e2 (0,10% EMS), e3 (0,15% EMS), e4 (0,20% EMS), and e5 (0,25% EMS). Explant protocorm of three types of Phalae-nopsis soaked in a solution of EMS by each treat-ment for 3 hours, and cultured on MS medium Basal Modified Multiplication Shoot for 10 weeks. The experimental results showed that there are interaction between the three types of Phalae-nopsis result of a cross with a concentration of EMS to variable number of roots. Orchids P. 717 X P. Fire Bird had higher  number of leaves, number of roots, leaf leang, and root length than the other. The result showed that there were interaction between three species of Phalaenopsis orchid from the crossing with EMS concentration on root variables. Orchid P. 717 X P. Fire Bird has the number of leaves, the number of roots, the number of shoots, leaf length and root length better than other types. EMS concentrations independently at all levels of treatment can not increase the number of leaves, the number of roots, fresh weight of planlet, leaf length, and root length.Keywords: Phalaenopsis, the concentration of EMS, in vitro cultureSari. Penelitian ini mempelajari dan mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi Ethyl Methyl Sulfonate (EMS) terhadap keragaan planlet tiga jenis anggrek Phalaenopsis asal protocorm dan mencari konsentrasi optimum EMS untuk setiap jenis anggrek Phalae-nopsis secara in vitro.Percobaan dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Winaya Mukti Sumedang. Eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Pola Faktorial, yang terdiri atas dua faktor dan diulang sebanyak dua kali.Faktor pertama adalah jenis anggrek Phalaenopsis hasil persilangan yang terdiri atas tiga jenis, yaitu v1 (Phalaenopsis 717 X Phalaenopsis Fire Bird), v2 (Phalaenopsis Tianong Rose X Sibling), dan v3 (Phalaenopsis Luchia Pink X Phalaenopsis Chain Xen Mammon). Faktor kedua adalah EMS yang terdiri atas enam taraf perlakuan, yaitu e0 (0% EMS/kontrol), e1 (0,05% EMS), e2 (0,10% EMS), e3 (0,15% EMS), e4 (0,20% EMS), dan e5 (0,25% EMS). Eksplan berupa protocorm dari tiga jenis anggrek Phalaenopsis hasil persilangan yang direndam dalam larutan EMS berdasarkan masing-masing perlakuan selama 3 jam, dan dikulturkan pada media MS Modified Multiplication Shoot Basal selama 10 minggu.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi interaksi antara tiga jenis anggrek Phalaenopsis hasil persilangan dengan konsentrasi EMS terhadap variabel jumlah akar.Anggrek P. 717 X P.Fire Bird memiliki jumlah daun, jumlah akar, jumlah tunas, panjang daun dan panjang akar yang lebih baik dibandingkan jenis lainnya. Konsentrasi EMS secara mandiri pada semua taraf perlakuan tidak dapat meningkatkan jumlah daun, jumlah akar, bobot segar planlet, panjang daun, dan panjang akar.Kata Kunci: Phalaenopsis, Konsentrasi EMS, dan Budidaya In Vitro

Sorting for secreted molecule production using a biosensor-in-microdroplet approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (36) ◽  
pp. e2106818118
Author(s):  
Emily K. Bowman ◽  
James M. Wagner ◽  
Shuo-Fu Yuan ◽  
Matthew Deaner ◽  
Claire M. Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Guide Rna ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ethyl Methyl ◽  
Methyl Sulfonate ◽  
Acid Lactone ◽  
Mix And Match ◽  
Molecule Production

Sorting large libraries of cells for improved small molecule secretion is throughput limited. Here, we combine producer/secretor cell libraries with whole-cell biosensors using a microfluidic-based screening workflow. This approach enables a mix-and-match capability using off-the-shelf biosensors through either coencapsulation or pico-injection. We demonstrate the cell type and library agnostic nature of this workflow by utilizing single-guide RNA, transposon, and ethyl-methyl sulfonate mutagenesis libraries across three distinct microbes (Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Yarrowia lipolytica), biosensors from two organisms (E. coli and S. cerevisiae), and three products (triacetic acid lactone, naringenin, and L-DOPA) to identify targets improving production/secretion.

scholarly journals Novel Ergot Alkaloids Production from Penicillium citrinum Employing Response Surface Methodology Technique

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Memuna Ghafoor Shahid ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem ◽  
Ahmed Gulzar ◽  
Muhammad Saleem ◽  
Hafeez ur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Strain Improvement ◽  
Penicillium Citrinum ◽  
Yield Enhancement ◽  
Surface Culture ◽  
Statistical Process

Ergot alkaloids are novel pharmaceutical and therapeutic agents synthesized in this study using fungal species Penicillium citrinum. To get the maximum yield of ergot alkaloids a statistical process of response surface methodology was employed using surface culture fermentation technique. Initially, the strain of Penicillium was improved using physical (ultraviolet (UV) and chemical (ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) treatments to get the maximum yield of ergot alkaloids through surface culture fermentation technique. After improving the strain, survival rate of colonies of Penicillium citrinum treated with UV and EMS was observed. Only 2.04% living colonies were observed after 150 min of exposure of Penicillium citrinum in UV light and 3.2% living colonies were observed after 20 min of the exposure in EMS. The mutated strains of Penicillium citrinum were screened for their production of ergot alkaloids and after fermentation experiments, maximum yield was obtained from PCUV-4 and PCEMS-1 strains. After strain improvement, Plackett–Burman design (PBD) and Box–Behnken design (BBD) of RSM were employed and 10-fold yield enhancement (35.60 mg/100 mL) of ergot alkaloids was achieved. This enhancement in yield of ergot alkaloids proved the positive impacts of RSM and UV on the yield of ergot alkaloids. The study provides a cost effective, economical and sustainable process to produce medically important ergot alkaloids which can be used in various pharmaceutical formulations to treat human diseases.

scholarly journals Random mutagenesis and process optimization of bacterial co-culture for hyperproduction of 1,4-α-D-glucan glucanohydrolase using submerged fermentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 329-339
Author(s):  
Roheena Abdullah ◽  
Samra Kiran ◽  
Mehwish Iqtedar ◽  
Afshan Kaleem ◽  
Faiza Saleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Light ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Random Mutagenesis ◽  
Strain Improvement ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Chemical Mutagenesis

The exponential increase in the application of 1,4-?-D-glucan glucanohydrolase (GGH) in various fields has placed stress and demand in both qualitative improvement and quantitative enhancement through strain improvement. In the present work, Bacillus subtilis LCBT-15 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LCBT-20 were subjected to physical as well as chemical mutagenesis for improving the GGH production potential. Applications of the UV light and ethidium bromide did not cause a significant increase in the enzyme production. However, Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) treated co-culture 10 gave 1.3-fold increase in the GGH production, in contrast to the wild co-culture. Different physicochemical parameters including fermentation media, rate of fermentation, temperature, pH, nitrogen and carbon sources and surfactants were also investigated. The M7 medium composition was optimized for GGH production after 48h of incubation at 37?C and pH 6. The optimum inoculum size was 3.5 ml (1x106 cells/ml) in 50 ml of medium. The best carbon and nitrogen sources were lactose (2.5 %); ammonium chloride (1.75 %) and beef extract (1 %), respectively. Optimal GGH production (287 U/ml) was obtained when the medium was supplemented with 0.05% Tween 80. The novelty of this work was exploration of the synergistic phenomena of mutant bacterial co-culture for the enhancement of GGH production.

scholarly journals Strain improvement for the production of antioxidant activity from Bacillus sp. by induced stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 614-619
Author(s):  
S. Priyadarshini ◽  
V. R. Madhumadhurya ◽  
P. Shwetha ◽  
D. J. Kiran Kumar ◽  
M. Mahesh
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Mutant Strain ◽  
Ethidium Bromide ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Strain Improvement ◽  
Chemical Mutagenesis ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dry Extract

In the present study, water samples were collected from different beaches in Chennai such as Marina beach, Elliott beach, VGP Golden beach and Kovalam beach to evaluate the best source for antioxidants. The bacteria were isolated on Starch Casein Agar media and screened for the antimicrobial activity. Among 11 isolates, 5 isolates showed antimicrobial potential which were further evaluated for the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity. Among 5 isolates, one sample showed significant DPPH scavenging activity with half minimal inhibitory concentration of (IC50)344.754µg/mL. The maximum antioxidant production was observed at pH 7 and at temperature of 37ºC with an IC50 of 188.66µg/mL and 293.76µg/mL respectively. The potent antioxidant producing strain was subjected for mutagenesis. In physical mutagenesis, the organism exposed for UV light for 25 minutes showed maximum antioxidant production with an IC50 of 133.55µg/mL. This mutant strain was then subjected for chemical mutagenesis with the addition of different concentrations of Ethidium bromide such as 10µL, 20µL, 30µL, 40µL and 50µL. The mutant strain obtained with the addition of 20µL Ethidium bromide (EtBr) showed significant antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 325.4µg/mL. The sample was purified by solvent extraction method and was evaluated for antioxidant production. The analyte was subjected to HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) analysis to avince the presence of antioxidants. The ethyl acetate extract showed the total phenolic content of 0.892 mg GAE/g of dry extract. It also showed the total flavonoid content of 0.522mg RE/g of dry extract.

scholarly journals Candidate Gene, SmCPR1, Encoding CPR1 Related to Plant Height of the Eggplant Dwarf Mutant dwf

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Yang Lu ◽  
Shuangxia Luo ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Wenchao Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Dwarf Mutant ◽  
Mutant Library ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Ethyl Methyl ◽  
Methyl Sulfonate

Eggplant is a vegetable crop with high economic value that is cultivated worldwide. The dwarf mutant is an important germplasm material that has been extensively used in crop breeding. However, no eggplant dwarf mutants have been reported, and little is known regarding the genes responsible for dwarfism in eggplant. In this study, we isolated an eggplant dwarf mutant (dwf) from an ethyl methyl sulfonate (EMS)-induced mutant library. Genetic analysis revealed that dwf was caused by a single recessive gene. A candidate gene SmCPR1, encoding cytochrome P450 reductases (CPR1), was identified by bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Mutation from G to A at 8216 bp of SmCPR1 resulted in mutation of the amino acid from valine to isoleucine. The results of KASP and Sanger sequencing further support the conclusion that SmCPR1 is a candidate gene responsible for the dwarfism of dwf. Moreover, the activity of SmCPR1 was significantly increased in dwf, which might be a response to dwarfism in dwf.

Electron microscopy of keratinocytes cultured on a collagen substrate used as an allograft for the treatment of chronic wounds

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1104-1105
Author(s):  
Debby A. Jennings ◽  
Michael J. Morykwas ◽  
Louis C. Argenta
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Type I ◽  
Single Cell Suspension ◽  
Collagen Substrate ◽  
Dermal Collagen

Grafts of cultured allogenic or autogenic keratlnocytes have proven to be an effective treatment of chronic wounds and burns. This study utilized a collagen substrate for keratinocyte and fibroblast attachment. The substrate provided mechanical stability and augmented graft manipulation onto the wound bed. Graft integrity was confirmed by light and transmission electron microscopy.Bovine Type I dermal collagen sheets (100 μm thick) were crosslinked with 254 nm UV light (13.5 Joules/cm2) to improve mechanical properties and reduce degradation. A single cell suspension of third passage neonatal foreskin fibroblasts were plated onto the collagen. Five days later, a single cell suspension of first passage neonatal foreskin keratinocytes were plated on the opposite side of the collagen. The grafts were cultured for one month.The grafts were fixed in phosphate buffered 4% formaldehyde/1% glutaraldehyde for 24 hours. Graft pieces were then washed in 0.13 M phosphate buffer, post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated, and embedded in Polybed 812.

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