Comparative performance of direct agglutination test, indirect immunofluorescent antibody test, polymerase chain reaction and bone marrow aspiration method for diagnosis of Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Fakhar,
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Direct Agglutination Test ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent ◽  
Immunofluorescent Antibody Test

scholarly journals Diagnosing visceral leishmaniasis and HIV/AIDS co-infection: a case series study in Pernambuco, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aracele Tenório de Almeida e Cavalcanti ◽  
Zulma Medeiros ◽  
Fábio Lopes ◽  
Luiz Dias de Andrade ◽  
Valéria de Melo Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Direct Agglutination Test ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Dipstick Test ◽  
Polymerase Chain

HIV/AIDS-associated visceral leishmaniasis may display the characteristics of an aggressive disease or without specific symptoms at all, thus making diagnosis difficult. The present study describes the results of diagnostic tests applied to a series of suspected VL cases in HIV-infected/AIDS patients admitted in referral hospitals in Pernambuco, Brazil. From a total of 14 eligible patients with cytopenias and/or fever of an unknown etiology, and indication of bone marrow aspirate, 10 patients were selected for inclusion in the study. Diagnosis was confirmed by the following examinations: Leishmania detection in bone marrow aspirate, direct agglutination test, indirect immunofluorescence, rK39 dipstick test, polymerase chain reaction and latex agglutination test. Five out of the ten patients were diagnosed with co-infection. A positive direct agglutination test was recorded for all five co-infected patients, the Leishmania detection and latex agglutination tests were positive in four patients, the rK39 dipstick test in three, the indirect immunofluorescence in two and a positive polymerase chain reaction was recorded for one patient. This series of cases was the first to be conducted in Brazil using this set of tests in order to detect co-infection. However, no consensus has thus far been reached regarding the most appropriate examination for the screening and monitoring of this group of patients.

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii molecular and immunological identification and risk factors associated with infection in chicken slaughtered at Triângulo Mineiro region, Minas Gerais, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. e144252
Author(s):  
Karina Costa Coelho Gonçalves ◽  
Maria Regina Reis Amendoeira ◽  
Kênia De Fátima Carrijo ◽  
Daniela Leles ◽  
Guilherme Mendes Borges Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Intensive Production ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent ◽  
Immunofluorescent Antibody Test

This study aimed to determine the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in the serum of slaughtered chickens in the region of Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais, Brazil, to detect the parasite in tissues (heart and brain) of serologically positive chickens, based on molecular analysis, and to investigate risk variables associated with the infection. Sera from 417 chickens raised in extensive, semi-intensive, and intensive production systems were tested by an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and indirect hemagglutination antibody test (IHA). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect T. gondii DNA in brain and heart tissues. Antibody anti-T. gondii were found in 37.65% (157/417) of chickens by IFAT, and in 75.06% (313/417) by IHA. The Kappa index showed a weak concordance between the techniques (0.087). Association was observed between seropositivity and the variables, age (p < 0.0001), type of feeding (p < 0.0001) and collective raising with other animal’s species (p < 0.0001). Association, based on IFAT, was not observed between seropositivity and the variables, sex (p = 0.0526), presence of cats (p > 0.9999), and presence of rats (p > 0.9999). Presence of parasite DNA was detected in brain samples from two chickens, which were raised in intensive and semi-intensive production systems. The results suggest the meat of these slaughtered animals may serve as a transmission source of this protozoan to humans.

Conjunctival leishmaniasis in a case of disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Reza Razeghinejad ◽  
Ahmad Monabati ◽  
Mohammad Rahim Kadivar ◽  
Abdolvahab Alborzi
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent ◽  
Nitroblue Tetrazolium Test ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Patient ◽  
Immunofluorescent Antibody Test ◽  
Conjunctival Lesion

A 15-year-old female patient presented with numerous, small, papulonodular skin lesions, and hepatosplenomegaly 9 months after a treated biopsy proved cutaneous leishmaniasis. In ocular examination there were two yellowish, raised gelatinous conjunctival lesions in the left eye. The exisional conjunctival lesion biopsy revealed many Leishman bodies inside tissue histiocytes. The patient had no systemic immunologic problems (normal serum immunoglobulins, nitroblue-tetrazolium test, complement CH50 test and flow cytometry of leukocytes). The indirect immunofluorescent antibody test for Leishmania tropica (titre of 1:1024) and the leishmanin skin test were positive. DNA of L. tropica was detected by a specific polymerase chain reaction on whole blood, bone marrow and skin biopsy specimens. The skin and conjunctival lesions disappeared with miltefosine and no intraocular tissue penetration of organism happened. Conjunctival leishmaniasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of raised conjunctival lesions in a disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis patient and needs proper systemic therapy.

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