Current status of vancomycin susceptibility against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains: A study at two tertiary care hospitals of Pakistan

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (33) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Kaleem
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

scholarly journals Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Prevalence And Antibiogram In A Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Nepal

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (09) ◽  
pp. 681-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hare Krishna Tiwari ◽  
Ayan Kumar Das ◽  
Darshan Sapkota ◽  
Kunjukunju Sivrajan ◽  
Vijay Kumar Pahwa
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Rational Use Of Antibiotics ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of nosocomial and community infections. Its prevalence varies with country and with hospitals within a country. The current study estimates the prevalence of MRSA strains and investigates their antibiogram in western Nepal. Methodology: A total of 162 S. aureus strains were isolated from various clinical specimens, and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using disc diffusion, growth on oxacillin screen agar, and oxacillin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results: One hundred and twelve (69.1%) strains were found to be MRSA, of which 37 (33.1%) were community acquired and 75 (66.9%) were hospital acquired. Of 112 MRSA strains, 45 (40.1%) were multi-drug resistant. All MRSA strains were found resistant to penicillin, and 91.9%, 87.4%, 77%, and 55.5% were resistant to amoxicillin, ampicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and cephalexin, respectively. However, low resistance was observed with amikacin (19%), ciprofloxacin (26.5%), and norfloxacin (30.6%). All strains were sensitive to vancomycin. Conclusion: The reported rate of MRSA prevalence is alarming. Given the ability of MRSA to spread from person to person, it is necessary to adhere to rational use of antibiotics and to raise awareness among the concerned communities and tourists who visit this area.

scholarly journals Assessment of Vancomycin MIC Creep Phenomenon in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Lahore

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiqa Arshad ◽  
Sidrah Saleem ◽  
Shah Jahan ◽  
Romeeza Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Vancomycin Mics ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Objective: To assess vancomycin MIC creep phenomenon in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in Microbiology department of University of Health Sciences, Lahore from January 2016- December 2019. In this study, vancomycin MICs were revealed by E test method for clinical MRSA strains. For the final evaluation, a single isolate from each patient was taken. The reported vancomycin MICs results were used and the values were not rounded up to the next upward value. For every study year, MIC50, MIC90, median and geometrical mean MIC, percentages of susceptible and resistant strains were calculated. Results: A total of 352 MRSA strains were isolated out of 2704 staphylococcal isolates. Our study showed elevated vancomycin MIC among MRSA isolates. The majority of isolates showed MIC values ≥1.5µg/ml. MIC50, MIC 90 was constant throughout four years period. However, geometric mean MIC increased gradually during the study period. The MIC greater than base year median was overall 17.3%. A complete shift can be observed between MIC “1.0” and “2.0” the percent of cases with MIC “1.0” decreased and with MIC “2.0” increased over time crossing each other in 2017. Conclusion: Vancomycin MIC creep was identified in clinical isolates of MRSA, during four years of study period. Even though there is an absence of VISA and VRSA strains; this significant increase in vancomycin MIC trend is indeed worrying for the clinicians about the threat of potential failure of treatment in MRSA infections. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.3273 How to cite this:Arshad F, Saleem S, Jahan S, Tahir R. Assessment of Vancomycin MIC Creep Phenomenon in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Lahore. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):---------.   doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.3273 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Genomic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by High-Throughput Sequencing in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1219
Author(s):  
May Sherif Soliman ◽  
Noha Salah Soliman ◽  
Arwa Ramadan El-Manakhly ◽  
Shahira AbdelSalam ElBanna ◽  
Ramy Karam Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains are associated with serious complications and poor clinical outcome. In Egypt, they contribute to more than 70% of S. aureus healthcare-associated infections. This study combined whole-genome sequencing, bioinformatics, and statistical analyses to identify the phylogeny, resistome, virulome and potential genotype–phenotype–clinical correlation among 18 clinical isolates of MRSA in a tertiary hospital in Cairo, Egypt. The ST1535-V MRSA clone was the most frequently isolated (16.6%), followed by ST5-VI, ST1-V and ST239-III (11.1% each). SCCmec V, VI, IV and III types were detected at frequencies of 50%, 16.6%, 11.1% and 11.1%, respectively. None of the tested virulence genes were detected in all isolates, but they ranged in distribution from 1/18 to 17/18. The Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-encoding genes were detected in only four isolates and were enriched in isolates causing non-severe cases. Phylogenetic analysis revealed relatedness between three ST1535-Vs, two ST5-VIs, two ST239-IIIs and two ST1-Vs; however, only the two genetically related ST1-V isolates were epidemiologically linked. While disease outcome and source of infection had no correlation with a particular genotypic pattern, the sequence type was the most correlated factor with phylogeny and genotypic patterns, and a few genes were associated with non-severe cases.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a Tertiary-Care Hospital in Eastern Nepal

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (170) ◽  
Author(s):  
Namrata Kumari ◽  
TM Mohapatra ◽  
YI Sigh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Nosocomial infection is a major problem in the world today. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, usually resistant to several antibiotics, shows a particular ability to spread inhospitals and is now present in most of the countries.The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of MRSA infections and theirantimicrobial susceptibility pattern in our hospital located in eastern Nepal.Identification of Staphylococcus aureus was confirmed by standard methods and the antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Interpretation criteriawere those of the national committee for clinical laboratory standards.During a period of one year, out of a total of 750 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from variousclinical samples, 196 (26.14%) were found to be Methicillin-resistant. Seventy percent isolates of MRSA were from inpatient departments and amongst them only 10% of the isolates were from intensive care units (ICU). More than 65% of MRSA were found to be resistant to Penicillin, Cephalosporins, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin Erythromycin and Tetracycline, while 47.96% of them were resistant to Amikacin. Many MRSA strains were multidrug-resistant. However, no strains were resistant toVancomycin.To reduce the prevalence of MRSA, the regular surveillance of hospital acquired infection, isolationnursing of patients who carry MRSA, monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern andformulation of a definite antibiotic policy may be helpful.Key words:eastern Nepal, resistant, tertiary-care hospital

scholarly journals Genomic Investigation of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST113 Strains Isolated from Tertiary Care Hospitals in Pakistan

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1121
Author(s):  
Nimat Ullah ◽  
Hamza Arshad Dar ◽  
Kanwal Naz ◽  
Saadia Andleeb ◽  
Abdur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sccmec Type ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a multi-drug resistant and opportunistic pathogen. The emergence of new clones of MRSA in both healthcare settings and the community warrants serious attention and epidemiological surveillance. However, epidemiological data of MRSA isolates from Pakistan are limited. We performed a whole-genome-based comparative analysis of two (P10 and R46) MRSA strains isolated from two provinces of Pakistan to understand the genetic diversity, sequence type (ST), and distribution of virulence and antibiotic-resistance genes. The strains belong to ST113 and harbor the SCCmec type IV encoding mecA gene. Both the strains contain two plasmids, and three and two complete prophage sequences are present in P10 and R46, respectively. The specific antibiotic resistance determinants in P10 include two aminoglycoside-resistance genes, aph(3’)-IIIa and aad(6), a streptothrin-resistance gene sat-4, a tetracycline-resistance gene tet(K), a mupirocin-resistance gene mupA, a point mutation in fusA conferring resistance to fusidic acid, and in strain R46 a specific plasmid associated gene ant(4’)-Ib. The strains harbor many virulence factors common to MRSA. However, no Panton-Valentine leucocidin (lukF-PV/lukS-PV) or toxic shock syndrome toxin (tsst) genes were detected in any of the genomes. The phylogenetic relationship of P10 and R46 with other prevailing MRSA strains suggests that ST113 strains are closely related to ST8 strains and ST113 strains are a single-locus variant of ST8. These findings provide important information concerning the emerging MRSA clone ST113 in Pakistan and the sequenced strains can be used as reference strains for the comparative genomic analysis of other MRSA strains in Pakistan and ST113 strains globally.

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