scholarly journals Genetic divergence of roundup ready (RR) soybean cultivars estimated by phenotypic characteristics and molecular markers

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (26) ◽  
pp. 2613-2625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Villela Otvia ◽  
Helena Unda-Trevisoli Sandra ◽  
Mota Da Silva Fabiana ◽  
Souza Brbaro Junior Laerte ◽  
Orlando Di Mauro Antonio
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Roundup Ready ◽  
Soybean Cultivars

scholarly journals Phenotypic and molecular diversity among soybean cultivars as a function of growing season

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amilton Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Tuneo Sediyama ◽  
Éder Matsuo ◽  
Francisco Charles do Santos Silva ◽  
Cosme Damião Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The identification of divergence among cultivars adapted to specific soil and climatic conditions is of fundamental importance for the realization of promising hybridizations. This diversity can be accessed through phenotypic characteristics and molecular markers. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate genetic diversity of soybean cultivars in the summer and winter from agromorphological traits and molecular markers. Two experiments were conducted, one in the summer (2011) and another in the winter (2012). The experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. Six widely grown cultivars were used and they showed striking differences in regards to morphological markers. The cultivars are: M 7211 RR, TMG 123 RR, TMG 1176 RR, M 7908 RR, TMG 127 RR and TMG 7188 RR. During the development of the plant, as well after harvesting were evaluated 18 traits. The DNA of six cultivars was amplified with 16 primers (microsatellite markers) flanking microsatellite regions in soybean located in sixteen of the twenty soybean linkage groups. Genetic dissimilarity between cultivars from agromorphological traits varies depending on the growing season. The molecular markers showed genetic variability between cultivars with different results for clusters formed from the agronomic characters. Thus, both phenotypic and the molecular data proved to beinformative tools to characterize the existing conflict between soybean cultivars.

scholarly journals Development of Molecular Markers for Low Raffinose and Stachyose in Korean Soybean Cultivars

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiwoung Yang ◽  
Jong-Min Ko ◽  
Tae Joung Ha ◽  
Yeong-Hoon Lee ◽  
In-Youl Baek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Soybean Cultivars

scholarly journals Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Indel Markers from the Transcriptome of Garlic

2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Havey ◽  
Yul-Kyun Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Indel Markers ◽  
Production Environments ◽  
Culinary Uses

Garlic (Allium sativum) is cultivated worldwide and appreciated for its culinary uses. In spite of primarily being asexually propagated, garlic shows great morphological variation and adaptability to diverse production environments. Molecular markers and phenotypic characteristics have been used to assess the genetic diversity among garlics. In this study, we undertook transcriptome sequencing from a single garlic plant to identify molecular markers in expressed regions of the garlic genome. Garlic sequences were assembled and selected if they were similar to monomorphic sequences from a doubled haploid (DH) of onion (Allium cepa). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion–deletion (indel) events were identified in 4355 independent garlic assemblies. A sample of the indels was verified using the original complementary DNA (cDNA) library and genomics DNAs from diverse garlics, and segregations confirmed by sexual progenies of garlic. These molecular markers from the garlic transcriptome should be useful for estimates of genetic diversity, identification and removal of duplicate accessions from germplasm collections, and the development of a detailed genetic map of this important vegetable crop.

Genetic perspectives on invasions: the case of the Cladocera

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1229-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D.N Hebert ◽  
Melania E.A Cristescu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Invasion Biology ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Genetic Analyses ◽  
Species Invasions ◽  
Historical Levels ◽  
Natural Incidence ◽  
Dna Bar Coding

Using freshwater cladocerans as an example, this paper explores the contributions that genetic analyses are making to the field of invasion biology. Most importantly, this approach enables a quantification of the incidence of both recent and past invasions. By determining genetic divergence between European and North American lineages of cladocerans, it is possible to estimate the natural incidence of past exchange between these continents. The results of this analysis establish that the current pace of species invasions is extraordinary; present rates are nearly 50 000 times higher than historical levels. Genetic studies can also exploit molecular markers to localize the points of origin of invaders. Finally, genetic studies are poised to play an important role in monitoring invasions; the DNA bar-coding of life is now simple and rapid enough to enable the development of molecular identification systems.

scholarly journals Expression of regulatory proteins and proliferative activity in relation to phenotypic characteristics of upper urothelial carcinoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 567-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zana Dolicanin ◽  
Ljubinka Jankovic-Velickovic ◽  
Biljana Djordjevic ◽  
Milan Visnjic ◽  
Ivana Pesic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
High Expression ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Her 2

Background/Aim. Deregulation of the normal cell cycle is common in upper urothelial carcinoma (UUC). The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of regulatory proteins of the cell cycle (p53, p16, cyclin D1, HER-2) and proliferative Ki-67 activity in UUC, and to determine their interaction and influence on the phenotypic characteristics of UUC. Methods. In 44 patients with UUC, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses (p53, p16, cyclin D1, HER-2, and Ki-67) of tumors were done. Results. Overexpression/ altered expression of p53, p16, cyclin D1 or HER-2 was detected in 20%, 57%, 64%, and 57% of tumors, respectively. Eleven (25%) UUC had a high proliferative Ki-67 index. Forty patients (91%) had at least one marker altered, while four (9%) tumors had a wild-type status. Analysis of relationship between expressions of molecular markers showed that only high expression of p53 was significantly associated with altered p16 activity (p < 0.05). High Ki-67 index was associated with the high stage (p < 0.005), solid growth (p < 0.01), high grade (p < 0.05), and multifocality p < 0.05) of UUC, while high expression of p53 was associated with the solid growth (p < 0.05). In regression models that included all molecular markers and phenotypic characteristics, only Ki-67 correlated with the growth (p < 0.0001), stage (p < 0.01), grade (p < 0.05) and multifocality (p < 0.05) of UUC; Ki-67 and HER-2 expression correlated with the lymphovascular invasion (p < 0.05). Conclusions. This investigation showed that only negative regulatory proteins of the cell cycle, p53 and p16, were significantly associated in UUC, while proliferative marker Ki-67 was in relation to the key phenotypic characteristics of UUC in the best way.

scholarly journals Genetic divergence among accessions of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) sampled in the Tapajós region, State of Pará, using agronomic characters and microsatellite markers

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 2989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo De Souza Silva ◽  
Elisa Ferreira Moura ◽  
João Tomé de Farias Neto ◽  
Nelcimar Reis Sousa ◽  
Mônika Fecury Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Genetic Dissimilarity ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

The aim of this work was to estimate the genetic divergence among accessions of cassava sampled in the Tapajós region in the State of Pará, Brazil, and conserved at the Regional Germplasm Bank of Eastern Amazon, using agronomic descriptors and molecular markers. Twenty-two accessions of cassava were evaluated in the field for two successive years, based on six agronomic descriptors in twelve-months-old plants without a specific experimental design. Accessions were also evaluated with eleven microsatellite loci in an automatic DNA analyser. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analyses were applied. Based on principal components analysis, the character weight of the aerial portion of the plant contributed most to the phenotypical variation. The six traits were used in the analysis of genetic dissimilarity between accessions, and the correlation between matrices generated by morphological and molecular data was estimated. The matrices of genetic dissimilarity were used in the construction of dendrograms using the UPGMA method. We observed a high variation of agronomical descriptors and molecular markers evaluated, which were capable to separate the accessions into distinct groups. A weak positive correlation was detected among the two matrices of genetic distances, which indicates the possibility to explore the genetic diversity using crossings and accessions Amarelinha 36 and Olho roxo 13 are divergent and potentially promising for the generation of heterotic hybrids.

On the identity of Spio filicornis (O.F. Müller, 1776)—with the designation of a neotype, and the description of two new species from the North East Atlantic Ocean based on morphological and genetic studies

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2815 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
KARIN MEIßNER ◽  
ANDREAS BICK ◽  
RALF BASTROP
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
New Species ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
18S Rdna ◽  
Original Description ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Two New Species

The aim of this study is to solve taxonomic problems pertaining to Spio filicornis (O.F. Müller, 1776). The original description by O. F. Müller was very brief and type material was not deposited. Based on the literature the confusion about the identity of the species has been tremendous; e.g., it was only recently realized that at least two different species from the North and Baltic Seas could be identified as S. filicornis (Bick et al. 2010). The present study is based on material collected by the authors in 2009 at the type locality in Iluilârssuk, near Paamiut, SW Greenland. Spio filicornis is redescribed in detail and illustrated comprehensively. A neotype has been designated and deposited in the collection of Rostock University. Species formerly referred to as S. cf. filicornis from the North and Baltic Seas (Bick et al. 2010) are formally described as two new species, Spio arndti sp. nov., and S. symphyta sp. nov. The morphological diagnostic characters within Spio are discussed. Information on three molecular markers (16S rDNA, 18S rDNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) is also provided. The genetic divergence between the three Spio species corroborates the taxonomic discrimination.

scholarly journals Genetic divergence among soybean cultivars in irrigated lowland in the State of Tocantins

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joênes Mucci Peluzio ◽  
Luiz Paulo Miranda Pires ◽  
Leandro Lopes Cancellier ◽  
Flávio Sérgio Afférri ◽  
Gustavo André Colombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Multivariate Procedures ◽  
Genetic Dissimilarity

In order to evaluate the genetic divergence among soybean cultivars, an assay was carried out at Formoso do Araguaia, TO, Brazil, in off-season of 2007, in irrigated lowland conditions. The experimental design were randomized blocks with 12 treatments and three replications. Genetic divergence was evaluated by multivariate procedures: Mahalanobis distance, Tocher clustering method's and nearest neighbor method. It was observed the formation of two distinct groups by the dendrogram of genetic dissimilarity, which were identical to those groups formed by Tocher's method. The Tocher optimization method and the nearest neighbor agreed among themselves. The traits number of days to maturity, plant height and weight of 100 seed were the ones that most contributed for genetic dissimilarity. The presence of genetic variability allowed the identification of dissimilar cultivars with high average for the evaluated traits. The hybridations 'DOKO' x 'CONQUEST' and 'DOKO' x 'FT-2000' are promising to obtain segregating populations with high variability

scholarly journals Identification of Double-Haploid Maize Plants One Generation After the Chromosomes Doubling

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
R. M. O. Pires ◽  
B. G. Ribeiro ◽  
F. O. Bustamante ◽  
E. V. R. Von Pinho ◽  
H. O. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Double Haploid ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Chromosome Duplication ◽  
Maize Plants

The objectives in the present work were to identify maize double haploids one generation after chromosome duplication through the evaluation of phenotypic characteristics in thr field, flow cytometry and molecular markers SSR. The seeds used in the present study were obtained from a cross between four simple hybrids (DKB393, GNS 3225, GNS 3264, GNS 3032) and the KEMS inducer of gymnogenetic haploidy, used as a male parent. Seeds from this crossing were selected according to the R-Navajo marker and those considered haploid, were submitted to two different chromosome duplication protocols. Plants that survived to the chromosome duplication protocols were acclimatized in greenhouse and later transplanted to the field. After self-fertilization of the DH0 plants, the DH1 seeds obtained were seeded in the field, divided into treatments according to the parental and duplication protocols. At the vegetative stage V4 of the DH1 seedlings, leaf tissue samples were collected to identify ploidy via flow cytometry and DNA analyzes using microsatellite markers. These results were confronted with the morphological characteristics of the future DH1 plants developed in the field, evaluated with the use of descriptive tools. Statistical analyzes were performed using the generalized linear modeling approach and the exploratory and inferential analyzes of datas, by the use of graphical resources, barplot and boxplot. For the analysis of variance, were used the Student-Newman-Keuls test, and the Pearson&#39;s correlations. It was not observed uniformity of phenotypic characteristics of plants subjected to duplication protocols in the field and the use of descriptive tools in the morphological analysis of adult maize plants must be done carefully to avoid the wrong classification of determined genotypes related to the ployd. Flow cytometry must be used as screening in the identification of possible DH&acute;s and the molecular markers SSR can be used to prove the genetically inherited KEMS lineage and also to identify the double-haploid corn plants.

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