scholarly journals A literature review on yield gaps of various root, tuber and banana crops as a background for assessing banana yield reductions due to pests and diseases at a field site in western Burundi

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1169-1183
Author(s):  
Blomme Guy ◽  
Ocimati Walter ◽  
Zum Felde Alexandra ◽  
Amwonya David ◽  
Kantungeko Deo
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Field Site ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Root Tuber ◽  
Yield Gaps ◽  
Banana Crops

scholarly journals Farmer Reported Pest and Disease Impacts on Root, Tuber, and Banana Crops and Livelihoods in Rwanda and Burundi

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Okonya ◽  
Walter Ocimati ◽  
Anastase Nduwayezu ◽  
Déo Kantungeko ◽  
Nicolas Niko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cassava Mosaic Disease ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Crop Losses ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Production Constraints ◽  
Root Tuber ◽  
The Impact

Biotic constraints cause major crop losses and, hence, food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa. This study documented the popularity, production constraints, pests and diseases, farmers’ perceptions on the severity of biotic constraints and the impact of related crop losses on household food security for the key root, tuber and banana (RTB) crops (cassava, potato, sweetpotato and banana). Farmer interviews were conducted in 2014 covering 811 households in Rwanda and Burundi. Farmers were asked to list their RTB crop production constraints, name insect pests and diseases of RTB crops, estimate crop loss due to pests and diseases, and mention if their household experienced any form of food insecurity due to pests and diseases. Cutworms and late blight in potato, banana weevils and banana Xanthomonas wilt in banana, cassava whitefly and cassava mosaic disease in cassava, sweetpotato weevils, and sweetpotato virus disease in sweetpotato were the most predominant pests and diseases reported. Crop losses due to pests and diseases for sweetpotato, banana, potato and cassava were estimated at 26%, 29%, 33%, and 36%, respectively, in Rwanda and 37%, 48%, 38%, and 37% in Burundi. Pests and diseases reduce the profitability of RTB crops, threaten food security, and constitute a disincentive for investment. Sustainable and affordable integrated pest management packages need to be developed.

scholarly journals Suitability of root, tuber, and banana crops in Central Africa can be favoured under future climates

2021 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 103246
Author(s):  
Rhys Manners ◽  
Elke Vandamme ◽  
Julius Adewopo ◽  
Philip Thornton ◽  
Michael Friedmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Africa ◽  
Root Tuber ◽  
Banana Crops

scholarly journals Pesticide Use Practices in Root, Tuber, and Banana Crops by Smallholder Farmers in Rwanda and Burundi

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Okonya ◽  
Athanasios Petsakos ◽  
Victor Suarez ◽  
Anastase Nduwayezu ◽  
Déo Kantungeko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Accidental Poisoning ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Root Tuber ◽  
Disease Damage ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Chemical Pesticides ◽  
Banana Crops

Misuse and poor handling of chemical pesticides in agriculture is hazardous to the health of farmers, consumers, and to the environment. We studied the pest and disease management practices and the type of pesticides used in four root, tuber, and banana (RTB) crops in Rwanda and Burundi through in-depth interviews with a total of 811 smallholder farmers. No chemical pesticides were used in banana in either Rwanda and Burundi, whereas the use of insecticides and fungicides in potato was quite frequent. Nearly all insecticides and about one third of the fungicides used are moderately hazardous. Personal protective equipment was used by less than a half of the interviewed farmers in both countries. Reported cases of death due to self- or accidental-poisoning among humans and domestic animals in the previous 12 months were substantial in both countries. Training of farmers and agrochemical retailers in safe use of pesticide and handling and, use of integrated pest management approaches to reduce pest and disease damage is recommended.

scholarly journals Pesticide Use Practices in Root, Tuber and Banana Crops by Smallholder Farmers in Rwanda and Burundi

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Sikhu Okonya ◽  
Athanasios Petsakos ◽  
Victor Suarez ◽  
Anasatase Nduwayezu ◽  
Déo Kantungeko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Accidental Poisoning ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Root Tuber ◽  
Disease Damage ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Chemical Pesticides ◽  
Banana Crops

Misuse and poor handling of chemical pesticides in agriculture is hazardous to the health of farmers, consumers and the environment. We studied the pest and disease management practices and the type of pesticides used in four root, tuber and banana (RTB) crops in Burundi and Rwanda through in-depth interviews with a total of 811 smallholder farmers. No chemical pesticides were used in banana in either Rwanda and Burundi, whereas the use of insecticides and fungicides in potato is quite frequent. Nearly all insecticides and about one third of the fungicides used are moderately hazardous. Personal protective equipment is used by less than a half of the interviewed farmers in both countries. Reported cases of death due to self- or accidental poisoning among humans and domestic animals in the previous 12 months were substantial in both countries. Training of farmers and agrochemical retailers in safe use of pesticide and handling, and use of integrated pest management approaches to reduce pest and disease damage is recommended.

scholarly journals Biofertilizers in horticultural crops

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-428
Author(s):  
Lourival Ferreira Cavalcante ◽  
Francisco Thiago Coelho Bezerra ◽  
Antônio Gustavo de Souto ◽  
Marlene Alexandrina Ferreira Bezerra ◽  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Chemical Enrichment ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Leaf Composition

Bovine manure biofertilizers can exert physical, chemical, and biological effects on the soil and the phytoprotective, physiological, and productive actions in horticultural crops. The literature review was performed to compile information on the production, uses, and effects of bovine manure biofertilizers on soil properties and plants. Biofertilizers are produced by organic components, minerals, and inoculants. Among the organic sources, the bovine manure is the most used. The fermentation of the bovine manure in water constitutes the Vairo biofertilizer, the most employed in Brazilian horticulture. With the chemical enrichment of this preparation came the Supermagro, Agrobio, and Agrobom biofertilizers. In the soil, it can act in the improvement of soil fertility, physical properties, and in the diversity and abundance of the biota. Also, it can act in control of pests and diseases, leaf composition concerning macro and micronutrients, and in the production and post-harvest quality of horticultural crops. Therefore, this review describes the preparation, chemical composition, and utilization of bovine manure biofertilizers in both soil and plants, offering perspectives of research on the formulations, application, and effects of these inputs on horticultural species.

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