scholarly journals Impacts of food production, consumption fluctuations and marketing on food prices volatility in the Sudan: Evidences from Gadarif State

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (43) ◽  
pp. 2423-2435
Author(s):  
Ismail M. Bongo Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Consumption Fluctuations

Food, Water and the Consequences of Society Not Valuing the Environment

2019 ◽  
pp. 858-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Allan
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food System ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
The Political ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
The Impact

The first purpose of this chapter is to highlight the impact of the food system on environmental and human health. The delivery of secure affordable food is a political imperative. Unfortunately, the food system that delivers it is environmentally blind. Food prices do not effectively reflect the value of food and often seriously mislead on the costs and impacts of food production. For example, actual food production takes place in a failed market—the value of environmental services such as water and the supporting ecosystems are not taken into account. The second purpose is to summarize and expose the political economy of the different ‘market’ modes of the food system. It is shown that there are weak players such as underrewarded and undervalued farmers who support society by producing food and stewarding our unvalued environment. The inadequacies of accounting systems are also critiqued.

scholarly journals Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture: A Systematic Review of Impact Pathways to Nutrition Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indu K Sharma ◽  
Sabina Di Prima ◽  
Dirk Essink ◽  
Jacqueline E W Broerse
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Impact Pathways ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Nutrition Sensitive ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT The role of agriculture in reducing undernutrition is widely recognized, yet there is also consensus on the need to make the sector nutrition-sensitive. Evidence on the impact pathways from nutrition-sensitive agriculture (NSA) interventions, agricultural interventions with specific nutrition objectives, and actions detailing each temporal stage to reach nutrition outcomes is limited, however. We thus synthesized study results regarding impact of NSA interventions on nutrition outcomes relating to undernutrition, and constructed an impact pathway by mapping the evidence on each temporal stage from interventions to nutrition outcomes. We used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses to conduct and report our systematic review of studies on NSA interventions implemented in low- and lower-middle-income countries. Forty-three studies that met the inclusion criteria were extracted and synthesized across impact and pathways analyses. We carried out a thematic analysis of the effect of NSA interventions using evidence-based indicators and constructed the pathways by adopting a published framework on agriculture to nutrition pathways. Our findings reveal that NSA interventions can significantly improve dietary practices, and have the potential to enhance care practices and reduce occurrence of diseases, indicating their effectiveness in simultaneously addressing multiple determinants of undernutrition. However, NSA interventions have a lesser impact on nutritional status. NSA interventions lead to nutrition outcomes through 5 key pathways: food production, nutrition-related knowledge, agricultural income, women's empowerment, and strengthening of local institutions. We emphasize the need to carefully design, implement, and evaluate interventions with consideration for factors affecting impact pathways. Future research should focus on the effect of interventions combining multisector components, and pathways through non-food-production-related income, women's empowerment, strengthening of local institutions, food prices at intervention level, and expenditure on health care.

Can food production diversity influence farm households’ dietary diversity? An appraisal from two-dimensional food diversity measures

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1597-1608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dare Akerele ◽  
Adebayo Musediku Shittu
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Farm Production ◽  
Food Diversity ◽  
Production Diversity

Purpose Emphasis on the potential roles diverse farm production systems could play in enhancing food consumption variety and nutritional well-being in rural developing countries has increased in recent times. However, there are paucities of empirical works connecting diversity in agricultural production and dietary diversity in Africa, and Nigeria in particular. The purpose of this paper is to, therefore, examine, among others, the causal link between farm production diversity and consumption of varied diets among farm households in Nigeria using a nationally representative panel data. Design/methodology/approach Unlike the simple food count measure, the authors adopt two-dimensional indices to assess food diversity, and estimated both fixed and random effects versions of panel data econometrics models with the two-dimensional indices as regressands. Findings Results show that food production system is less diverse with an average farm household consuming fairly varied foods across seasons. All the econometrics models estimated consistently established positive and statistically significant influence of farm production diversity on household dietary diversity. Higher food prices, especially rice and roots and tubers could substantially reduce dietary diversity with the negative effects likely to be more devastating for low-income farm households. The specificity of household being a net food seller had positive, although weak influence on dietary diversity. Originality/value The findings accentuate, among others, the need for strategies to promote farm production diversity, transform farm households to net-sellers of foods and enable them take advantage of food price signals to boost farm incomes as important pathway for diet quality improvement and reduction of food insecurity, malnutrition and related diseases in rural Nigeria

EU drought response may focus on short-term fixes

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Drought Response ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Eu Policies

Significance The resulting drought in many parts of the continent and its impact on agriculture have highlighted the threat posed by climate change to future food production. It has also raised questions about the role of EU policies in exacerbating or mitigating this threat. Impacts Weather conditions in Europe and elsewhere will increase the prices of many agricultural commodities. Higher food prices will affect poorer households disproportionately. Reforming EU agricultural policy will remain a secondary consideration, after the priorities of producers and wider budgetary battles.

scholarly journals Energy and the food system

2010 ◽  
Vol 365 (1554) ◽  
pp. 2991-3006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Woods ◽  
Adrian Williams ◽  
John K. Hughes ◽  
Mairi Black ◽  
Richard Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Food System ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
The 1960S

Modern agriculture is heavily dependent on fossil resources. Both direct energy use for crop management and indirect energy use for fertilizers, pesticides and machinery production have contributed to the major increases in food production seen since the 1960s. However, the relationship between energy inputs and yields is not linear. Low-energy inputs can lead to lower yields and perversely to higher energy demands per tonne of harvested product. At the other extreme, increasing energy inputs can lead to ever-smaller yield gains. Although fossil fuels remain the dominant source of energy for agriculture, the mix of fuels used differs owing to the different fertilization and cultivation requirements of individual crops. Nitrogen fertilizer production uses large amounts of natural gas and some coal, and can account for more than 50 per cent of total energy use in commercial agriculture. Oil accounts for between 30 and 75 per cent of energy inputs of UK agriculture, depending on the cropping system. While agriculture remains dependent on fossil sources of energy, food prices will couple to fossil energy prices and food production will remain a significant contributor to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Technological developments, changes in crop management, and renewable energy will all play important roles in increasing the energy efficiency of agriculture and reducing its reliance of fossil resources.

scholarly journals The global context of land market liberalization in Ukraine: opportunities and risks for rural development

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-32
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Sidenko ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
The Impact

The article considers various global factors influencing rural development under the conditions of liberalization of the agricultural land market in Ukraine. The author assesses the impact of global processes and global capital on the development of national farms, income distribution, access to land resources, production processes and equitable development in this country. It is proved that globalization, leading to increased concentration of agri-food production and business and expanding the role of large transnationalized corporations, is primarily aimed at exploiting the country’s existing comparative advantages, rather than increasing them, and promotes, in many recipient countries, a model of double economy split in the technological and socio-economic dimensions into qualitatively heterogeneous sectors. The author concludes that although global factors of agricultural production may have a relatively positive impact in macroeconomic terms, the dominance of multinational (transnational) companies, large exporting companies and financially powerful sovereign welfare funds in the market may create risks and threats of crowding out Ukrainian farmers from the market and blocking the sustainable development of rural areas. At the same time, Ukraine's agricultural sector will be transformed into a raw-material link of global food production chains dominated by large transnationalized entities, and a kind of raw-material enclave of transnationalized production will be created within the Ukrainian economy. The article argues that in today's global economy, where cardinal transformations are taking place and uncertainty is growing, land will become an increasingly valuable asset, attractive not only to agricultural producers but also to land speculators and those who try to maintain the value of their assets under the conditions of growing global risks. Under such conditions, investment in land will not at all necessarily contribute to the development of agricultural production, because speculative capital in the face of widespread expectations of a long and significant upward trend in land prices will prevail over productive agricultural capital. In general, this might lead to a significant increase in the cost of agricultural production and food prices. The author proves that the liberalization of the land market leads to increased risks of transfer of the control over Ukraine’s land resources to foreigners (sovereign financial funds and major international corporations), given their dramatic advantage by available financial resources for land acquisition, compared to those possessed by Ukraine’s residents. The article substantiates a set of policy measures and national policy instruments necessary to minimize the risks associated with the introduction (in the context of globalization) of free purchase and sale of agricultural land, which comply with the regulation principles of the European Union.

scholarly journals An Analysis on the Influencing Factors of the World Food Price

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Fang Min
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Food Price ◽  
World Food ◽  
The World ◽  
The Exchange Rate

The paper analyzes influencing factors of the world food price by using the data from 1964 to 2013. There is cointegration relationship between the world food price, world agricultural productivity, world food production, food consumption, food inventory, world oil prices, and the exchange rate of dollar. The world agricultural productivity, world food production and the exchange rate of dollar have significantly negative effect on the world food price. The world food consumption has significantly positive impact on the word food price. The impact of the world food stock and the world crude oil price on world food prices is not statistically significant. The elasticity of world food production on the world food price is less than the elasticity of world food consumption. To improve the agricultural productivity, increase food production is the key measure to stabilize the world food prices.

scholarly journals Food security under high bioenergy demand toward long-term climate goals

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 1587-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Hasegawa ◽  
Ronald D. Sands ◽  
Thierry Brunelle ◽  
Yiyun Cui ◽  
Stefan Frank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation ◽  
Bioenergy Feedstock ◽  
Model Framework

AbstractBioenergy is expected to play an important role in the achievement of stringent climate-change mitigation targets requiring the application of negative emissions technology. Using a multi-model framework, we assess the effects of high bioenergy demand on global food production, food security, and competition for agricultural land. Various scenarios simulate global bioenergy demands of 100, 200, 300, and 400 exajoules (EJ) by 2100, with and without a carbon price. Six global energy-economy-agriculture models contribute to this study, with different methodologies and technologies used for bioenergy supply and greenhouse-gas mitigation options for agriculture. We find that the large-scale use of bioenergy, if not implemented properly, would raise food prices and increase the number of people at risk of hunger in many areas of the world. For example, an increase in global bioenergy demand from 200 to 300 EJ causes a − 11% to + 40% change in food crop prices and decreases food consumption from − 45 to − 2 kcal person−1 day−1, leading to an additional 0 to 25 million people at risk of hunger compared with the case of no bioenergy demand (90th percentile range across models). This risk does not rule out the intensive use of bioenergy but shows the importance of its careful implementation, potentially including regulations that protect cropland for food production or for the use of bioenergy feedstock on land that is not competitive with food production.

Food Production, Food Imports, and the WTO's Special and Differential Provisions to Trade: The Case of Pacific Island Countries

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-112
Author(s):  
Azmat Gani
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Pacific Island Countries ◽  
Food Imports

AbstractThis paper examines the extent of food production, imports, and trade policy opportunities in terms of the special and differential treatment (SDT) in Pacific Island countries (PICs). It is revealed that stagnating per capita incomes and high incidence of poverty are lowering the quality of life among a significant proportion of the PIC population. PICs' well-being is likely to be further worsened by falling and stagnating food production and significant rises in food prices as a result of food imports that range between 14 to 29 percent of total imports. PICs' future development is likely to be hampered by the looming economic fallout arising from regional integration. Thus, ensuring food self-sufficiency is essential for improved well-being. In this regard, the PICs window of opportunity is to maximize the utility of the SDT under the World Trade Organisations (WTO) provisions. Urgent governmental attention is required in terms of calibrating regional country-specific composite measures of trade and development parameters so as to allow the capacity of the PICs to bargain for the SDT with greater clarity, strength and meaning.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on the food supply chain

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serpil Aday ◽  
Mehmet Seckin Aday
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Food Supply Chain ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A pandemic is not a new event encountered in the history of humanity because mankind has faced various pandemics in history. The common point of pandemics is their serious negative effects on the global economy. Considering the food supply chain, one of the most important sectors of the economy, it has been seen that COVID-19 has an impact on the whole process from the field to the consumer. In the light of recent challenges in food supply chain, there is now considerable concern about food production, processing, distribution, and demand. COVID-19 resulted in the movement restrictions of workers, changes in demand of consumers, closure of food production facilities, restricted food trade policies, and financial pressures in food supply chain. Therefore, governments should facilitate the movement of workers and agri-food products. In addition, small farmers or vulnerable people should be supported financially. Facilities should change the working conditions and maintain the health and safety of employees by altering safety measures. Food protectionist policies should be avoided to prevent an increase in food prices. In conclusion, each country must realize the severity of the situation and sometimes should tighten or loosen the measures according to the spread of the pandemic. The supply chain also should be flexible enough to respond to the challenges in the food supply chain. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the agriculture and food sector and to summarize the recommendations required to reduce and control the effect of the pandemic.

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