scholarly journals Yield response of canola (Brassica napus L.) to different inter-row spacings and sowing dates in northwest of Paran, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (39) ◽  
pp. 3799-3805
Author(s):  
Caiubi Pereira Lucas ◽  
Loli Bazo Gabriel ◽  
Lucca Braccini Alessandro ◽  
Henrique da Silva Lima Luiz ◽  
Mariana Garcia Mayara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Sowing Dates

Re-evaluating sowing time of spring canola (Brassica napus L.) in south-eastern Australia—how early is too early?

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Kirkegaard ◽  
J. M. Lilley ◽  
R. D. Brill ◽  
S. J. Sprague ◽  
N. A. Fettell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Yield Variability ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Spring Canola ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Optimising the sowing date of canola (Brassica napus L.) in specific environments is an important determinant of yield worldwide. In eastern Australia, late April to early May has traditionally been considered the optimum sowing window for spring canola, with significant reduction in yield and oil in later sown crops. Recent and projected changes in climate, new vigorous hybrids, and improved fallow management and seeding equipment have stimulated a re-evaluation of early-April sowing to capture physiological advantages of greater biomass production and earlier flowering under contemporary conditions. Early–mid-April sowing generated the highest or equal highest yield and oil content in eight of nine field experiments conducted from 2002 to 2012 in south-eastern Australia. Declines in seed yield (–6.0% to –6.5%), oil content (–0.5% to –1.5%) and water-use efficiency (–3.8% to –5.5%) per week delay in sowing after early April reflected levels reported in previous studies with sowings from late April. Interactions with cultivar phenology were evident at some sites depending on seasonal conditions. There was no consistent difference in performance between hybrid and non-hybrid cultivars at the earliest sowing dates. Despite low temperatures thought to damage early pods at some sites (<−2°C), frost damage did not significantly compromise the yield of the early-sown crops, presumably because of greater impact of heat and water-stress in the later sown crops. A validated APSIM-Canola simulation study using 50 years of weather data at selected sites predicted highest potential yields from early-April sowing. However, the application of a frost-heat sensitivity index to account for impacts of temperature stress during the reproductive phase predicted lower yields and higher yield variability from early-April sowing. The frost–heat-limited yields predicted optimum sowing times of mid-April at southern sites, and late April to early May at the northern sites with lower median yield and higher yield variability in crops sown in early April. The experimental and simulation data are potentially compatible given that the experiments occurred during the decade of the Millennium drought in south-eastern Australia (2002–10), with dry and hot spring conditions favouring earlier sowing. However, the study reveals the need for more accurate and validated prediction of the frost and heat impacts on field-grown canola if simulation models are to provide more accurate prediction of attainable yield as new combinations of cultivar and sowing dates are explored.

THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN, SULPHUR AND BORON ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF RAPESEED (Brassica napus L. and B. campestris L.)

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. NUTTALL ◽  
H. UKRAINETZ ◽  
J. W. B. STEWART ◽  
D. T. SPURR
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Poor Seed ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
Sulphur Fertilizer

In northeastern Saskatchewan on Gray Luvisolic soils, rapeseed (Brassica napus L. and B. campestris L.) grown on many fields does not set seed, possibly because of deficiencies of S and B. Therefore, experiments were begun in 1979 to determine (1) the effect of N, S and B fertilizers on yield and quality of rapeseed; (2) if cultivars (B. napus and B. campestris L.) responded differently to these nutrients; and (3) nutrient and nutrient interaction effects of five rates of N, S and B in a composite rotatable design on yield and quality of the cultivar Regent (B. napus L.). Rates of up to 200 kg N ha−1, 50 kg S ha−1 and 2.8 kg B ha−1 were applied. The experiments were conducted on 13 sites. Nine were in N.E. Saskatchewan on Sylvania f1, Waitville 1 (Luvisolic) and Melfort sicl (Black Chernozemic) soils. Four were in N.W. Saskatchewan on Loon River 1 and Waitville 1, (Luvisolic) soils. In N.W. Saskatchewan there was a significant yield increase because of N (1.00 t ha−1) and S (1.06 t ha−1). In N.E. Saskatchewan on Sylvania f1, rapeseed yields were increased by 0.38 t ha−1 by a combination of S and B and by 0.78 t ha−1 by N. Sylvania f1 soils were lower in soluble B than other experimental sites. At other sites in N.E. Saskatchewan, N but not S increased rapeseed grain yield significantly. Significant response to a combination of S and B was obtained with the cultivar Regent, and both species of rapeseed responded to S fertilizer. Sulphur fertilizer increased the glucosinolate concentration in rapeseed meal at all sites. Sulphur increased oil concentration of rapeseed on all sites except one where frost damaged the crop and increased protein of grain on sites where there was yield response to S. Nitrogen increased protein of rapeseed grown on all sites whereas N combined with B decreased protein and increased oil percentage on all sites except Sylvania f1. The yield response of the cultivar Regent to B was not significantly related to soluble soil B. The combined yield response to S and B in relation to soluble soil S and B was significant (R2 = 0.60). Yield response of rapeseed to S was significantly related to soluble soil S (R2 = 0.35). In conclusion, S fertilizer solved the problem of poor seed set in rapeseed cultivars, but B also enhanced yield by decreasing the number of sterile florets and improving pod development. Key words: Nitrogen, sulphur, boron, rapeseed, oil, protein, glucosinolates

Plant density response and optimum crop densities for canola (Brassica napus L.) in Western Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 397 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. French ◽  
M. Seymour ◽  
R. S. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Asymptotic Model ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Optimum Density ◽  
Crop Density

In 24 experiments conducted across a range of agricultural environments in Western Australia between 2010 and 2014 canola (Brassica napus L.) grain yield response to crop density was adequately described by an asymptotic model (where yield approaches but never quite reaches a ceiling at very high density) in 101 out of 112 individual responses; in the other 11 yield reached a maximum and declined slightly at higher densities. Seed oil was more likely to increase than decrease with increasing density but the effect was always small; less than 1% oil over the range of densities tested. Increasing density also suppressed annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum (L.) Gaud.) head numbers in six experiments where it was measured, especially at densities below 20 plants/m². Economic optimum densities ranged from 7 to 180 plants/m², with a median of 32.2. Mean optima in low and medium rainfall zones (growing season rainfall <300 mm) were about 25, 30, and 75 plants/m² respectively for glyphosate-tolerant (Roundup Ready), hybrid triazine-tolerant (TT), and open-pollinated TT cultivars, assuming open-pollinated TT cultivars were grown from farm-saved seed. There was little difference between optimum densities for hybrid and open-pollinated glyphosate-tolerant cultivars, and optima in the high rainfall zone were about 10 plants/m² higher than in low and medium rainfall zones. Yield at optimum density was greater than 90% of maximum yield in 74% of cases. The economic penalty for not achieving the optimum density with hybrids was usually small if the deviation was less than 10 plants/m², and with open-pollinated TT cultivars was small even 50-60 plants/m² below the optimum. The penalty was usually greater for deviations below than above the optimum in medium and high yield potential environments (yield potential >1000 kg/ha). Predicted optima were more sensitive to seed cost and field establishment (the proportion of viable seeds that become established) than grain price or seed size over the range of values expected in Western Australian agriculture. Field establishment varied from 0.3 to 1 and was higher at low target densities and for hybrid compared with open-pollinated cultivars, with a median of 0.585 at a target density of 40 plants/m². We identified improving field establishment of canola as an important research priority.

Effect of sowing date and different intercropping patterns on yield and yield components of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Torkaman ◽  
Bahram Mirshekari ◽  
Farhad Farahvash ◽  
Mehrdad Yarnia ◽  
Ali Ashraf Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Sowing Dates

In order to evaluate the effect of sowing date and planting pattern on yield and qualitative parameters of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in intercropping, a split plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with four replications, in Hamedan, Iran, during 2014-15. The rapeseed seeds were sown on 21st September. Chickpea was sown on four sowing dates as the main factor (21 September, 10 October, 30 October and 20 November) with 20 days interval. The sub-factor was the planting pattern by replacement series including 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 chickpea-rapeseed mixtures, respectively. Based on the results obtained, among chickpea sowing dates, the first and the last dates had the lowest and highest above-ground biomass and grain yield, respectively. During the late sowing date of chickpea (20 November) the field temperature was colder than the earlier dates, and therefore the freezing temperatures did not allow the seeds to germinate. However, no damage happened to seedlings with the earlier sowing dates. The highest yield was observed in sole cropping for both crops. In contrast, the highest values of land equivalent ratio were obtained in intercropping system. The highest value for land equivalent ratio was calculated as 1.23 in intercropping of 50% chickpea + 50% rapeseed.

scholarly journals Effects of Growth Type, Sowing Date, and Sowing Rate on the Canopy Architecture, Protein Yields, and Oil Yields of Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Ratajczak
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Canopy Architecture ◽  
Growth Type ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Plot Design

A split-split-plot design was used to evaluate the effects of sowing dates and sowing rates on three winter rape cultivars, including ‘PR45D03’, a semi-dwarf hybrid, ‘PR46W31’, a traditional hybrid, and ‘Californium’, an open-pollinated cultivar. August 25 was the optimal sowing date for maximizing protein and oil yields across all three cultivars. Of the cultivars, the traditional hybrid, ‘PR46W31’, produced the highest protein and oil yields on that date. The yields of the semi-dwarf hybrid, ‘PR45D03, were greater than those of the open-pollinated cultivar, ‘Californium’, when these were sown later than the optimal date. Protein and oil yields did not differ significantly among different seeding densities.

Adaptation of oilseed crops across Saskatchewan

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
W E May ◽  
S A Brandt ◽  
Y. Gan ◽  
H R Kutcher ◽  
C B Holzapfel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Large Acreage

Differences in response to nitrogen (N) fertilizer will affect the production economics of field crops. Currently, there is limited information comparing the agronomic and economic performance of juncea canola (Brassica juncea L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to napus canola (Brassica napus L.) and flax (Linum ustitatissimum L.) in Saskatchewan under no-till practices. A study of these species was carried out at five Saskatchewan locations over 3 yr and included eight nitrogen rates. All four species had a curvilinear increase in grain yield as N rate increased with the largest yield response observed in napus canola to as much as 200 kg N ha-1. The majority of the increase in flax grain yield occurred as the N rate increased from 10 to 90 kg ha-1, while most of the increase in grain yield of juncea canola and sunflower occurred as N increased from 10 to 70 kg ha-1. Biplot analysis indicated that grain yield variation was reduced at and above 50 kg N ha-1 in flax, napus canola and juncea canola, but not in sunflower. Analysis indicated that a wide range of N rates would provide a similar adjusted gross return within each crop with the exact N range being determined by crop price and nitrogen cost. The N rate affected the kernel weight of sunflower but not the kernel weight of other crops. The protein concentration of all the species increased as N rate increased. Seed oil concentration tended to decrease as the N rate increased, but this was not consistent. In conclusion, higher yielding cultivars of sunflower and juncea canola are needed before they will replace a large acreage of flax or napus canola; however, in the drier regions of the Saskatchewan there is potential to expand sunflower production.Key words: Brassica juncea, Helianthus annuus, Brassica napus, Linum usitatissimum, nitrogen, economic analysis

Effect of sowing date and seeding rate on yield and yield components of irrigated canola (Brassica napus L.) grown on a red-brown earth in south-eastern Australia

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1629 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Taylor ◽  
CJ Smith
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Response of canola (Brassica napus) to factorial combinations of five sowing dates and seeding rates was investigated from 1987 to 1989. The experiments were conducted on red-brown earths in the Goulburn-Murray Irrigation Region of south-eastern Australia. Crops were sown at monthly intervals beginning in April each year. In 1987, seeding rates were 4.6, 7.0 and 14 kg ha-1, but in 1988 and 1989 the lowest rate was eliminated. The cultivar Marnoo was used each year and Eureka was included in 1989. There was no difference between yields of seed and oil for crops sown in April and May, but yields of seed and oil declined when sowing date was delayed beyond May. Oil contents were greater than 45% for the April, May and June sowings in 1988 and 1989. In contrast, seeding rates had no effect on yields of seed and oil. Marnoo produced a maximum seed yield of 398 g m-2 from the May sowing in 1987, and a minimum seed yield of 172 g m-2 from the September sowing in 1988. In 1989, Eureka out-yielded Marnoo in all but the August sowing. Eureka produced a maximum seed yield of 483 g m-2 from the April sowing and its lowest seed yield of 315 g m-2 from the August sowing. The number of pods per m2 was the major factor responsible for the significant changes in yield in all experiments. Seed yield was also strongly correlated (P < 0.01) with biomass, and to a lesser degree, with individual seed weight in all comparisons with the exception of Marnoo in 1989.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document