scholarly journals Farmers perception of a biological control agent, Oecophylla longinoda Latreille (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and its effects on the quality of citrus fruits in Ghana

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (51) ◽  
pp. 4646-4652 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Abunyewah G ◽  
Afreh Nuamah K ◽  
A Nboyine J ◽  
Obeng Ofori D ◽  
K Billah M
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Oecophylla Longinoda

scholarly journals Uji Mutu dan Keefektifan Metarhizium anisopliae Isolat Kalimantan Tengah Terhadap Oryctes rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) [Quality Test and Effectiveness of Metarhizium anisopliae Isolates From Central Kalimantan Against Oryctes rhinocerus]

Buletin Palma ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Siswanto Nls ◽  
I M Trisawa
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Quality Test ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Oryctes Rhinoceros ◽  
Quality Grade ◽  
Medicinal Crops

<p><em>Oryctes rhinoceros</em> (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) is  an importan pest on coconut trees. Control of <em>O. rhinoceros</em> can be done in various ways, such as by physical, mechanical, biological, and chemical. The fungus <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em> is a biological agent that can suppress the development of the <em>O. rhinoceros</em> . Effectiveness of <em>M. anisopliae</em> fungus is largely determined by the quality/grade conidia of the fungus consist of its density, viability and patogenicity against the target pest. For that, studies have been conducted to determine the quality and effectiveness biological control of <em>M. anisopliae</em> isolates Kalteng (Central Kalimantan) against <em>O. rhinoceros</em>. Tests conducted in the Entomology Laboratory of Research Institute for Spices and Medicinal Crops  (Balittro), and around the home screen in Balittro, Bogor.  The fungus <em>M. anisopliae</em> isolates originating from Central Kalimantan (Kalteng), while the larvae of <em>O. rhinoceros</em> from Yogyakarta. The results showed that the fungus conidia <em>M. anisopliae</em> isolates Kalteng has a density of over 10<sup>8</sup>, while the viability above 90%. Pathogenicity to larvae of <em>O. Rhinoceros</em> &gt; 50%. This character indicates a good quality of these fungi as biological control agent. The fungus of <em>M. anisopliae </em>isolates Kalteng at concentrations of 10<sup>6</sup> and 10<sup>8</sup> can killed up to 90% third instar O. rhinoceros larvae  in field conditions. So both these concentrations can be used in the control of <em>O. rhinoceros</em> in the field. </p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong><em> </em></p><p>Hama <em>Oryctes rhinoceros</em> (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) merupakan hama penting tanaman kelapa . Pengendalian <em>O. rhinoceros </em>dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara yaitu secara fisik, mekanik, hayati, dan kimiawi.  Cendawan  <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em> merupakan agens hayati yang dapat menekan perkembangan hama <em> O. rhinoceros</em>. Efektivitas cendawan <em>M. anisopliae</em> sangat ditentukan oleh kualitas/mutu konidia cendawan tersebut yang meliputi kerapatan, viabilitas  dan patogenitasnya terhadap hama sasaran. Untuk itu telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui mutu dan keefektifan agens pengendali hayati  <em>M. anisopliae </em>isolat Kalimantan Tengah terhadap <em>O. rhinoceros. </em>Pengujian dilakukan di Laboratorium Hama Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (Balittro) dan di sekitar rumah kasa di Balittro, Bogor.  Isolat cendawan <em>M. anisopliae </em>yang digunakan berasal dari  Kalteng, sedangkan larva <em>O. rhinoceros </em>berasal dari Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Cendawan <em>M. anisopliae </em>isolat Kalteng memiliki kerapatan konidia di atas 10<sup>8</sup>, sedangkan viabilitasnya di atas 90%.  Patogenisitas terhadap larva <em>O. rhinoceros </em>&gt; 50%.  Karakter ini menunjukkan mutu yang baik dari cendawan tersebut sebagai agens pengendali hayati. Cendawan <em>M. anisopliae </em>isolat Kalteng pada konsentrasi 10<sup>6</sup> dan 10<sup>8</sup> dapat mematikan 90%  larva <em>O. rhinoceros </em>instar 3 pada kondisi lapangan. Sehingga kedua konsentrasi tersebut dapat digunakan dalam mengendalikan <em>O. rhinoceros </em>di lapangan.</p>

scholarly journals Chemical Cues Induced from Fly-Oviposition Mediate the Host-Seeking Behaviour of Fopius arisanus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), an Effective Egg Parasitoid of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae), within a Tritrophic Context

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Pumo Cai ◽  
Yunzhe Song ◽  
Da Huo ◽  
Jia Lin ◽  
Huameng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Fopius Arisanus

Fopius arisanus is a solitary endoparasitoid that parasitizes a variety of tephritid species. Native to the Indo-Australian region, it is currently exploited worldwide as a biological control agent due to its exceptional efficiency in reducing pest populations. The efficiency of any biological control program is affected by the host location ability of the parasitoids. The present study used a Y-tube olfactometer to test the behavioural responses of female F. arisanus to four fruit species which had undergone different types of damages: undamaged, damaged through Bactrocera dorsalis ovipositioning (i.e., infested), or different levels of mechanical damage. Our results suggest that F. arisanus females were significantly attracted to mangoes and pears (vs. purified air), regardless of their condition; however, whilst infested mangoes did not attract more female parasitoids compared to healthy or mechanically damaged fruits, infested pears attracted significantly more. For citrus fruits and peaches, oviposition damage caused them to be more attractive to parasitoid females. In terms of the longevity of the effects, infested mango fruits remained attractive for up to 5 days after infestation, whereas for infested peaches, pears, and citrus fruits, the attractiveness tended to decrease as time passed. Regarding mechanical damage, mango fruits that had undergone any intensity of damage were equally attractive to parasitoid females; however, peach and citrus fruits with high levels of mechanical damage were more attractive, and pears were found to be most attractive with slight mechanical damage. Additional to the above, we also tested the effect of insecticides on behavioural responses using mangoes. We found that the treatment of infested fruits with lambda-cyhalothrin and cypermethrin remained attractive to F. arisanus females, albeit to different extents, which is in contrast to spinosad, cyantraniliprole, and acetamiprid. Finally, we suggest that the host-searching behaviour of F. arisanus females is mainly mediated by oviposition-induced volatiles, either emitted from the fruit or left by the fruit fly.

The potential of Mecysolobus erro (Curculionidae) as a biological control agent for Buddleia

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 433-433
Author(s):  
B.A. Gresham ◽  
M.K. Kay ◽  
W. Faulds ◽  
T.M. Withers
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent

scholarly journals Limited host range in the idiobiont parasitoid Phymasticus coffea, a prospective biological control agent of the coffee pest Hypothenemus hampei in Hawaii

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazila Yousuf ◽  
Peter A. Follett ◽  
Conrad P. D. T. Gillett ◽  
David Honsberger ◽  
Lourdes Chamorro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Hypothenemus Hampei ◽  
Parasitism Rate ◽  
Limited Host Range ◽  
Parasitoid Development

AbstractPhymastichus coffea LaSalle (Hymenoptera:Eulophidae) is an adult endoparasitoid of the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera:Curculionidae:Scolytinae), which has been introduced in many coffee producing countries as a biological control agent. To determine the effectiveness of P. coffea against H. hampei and environmental safety for release in Hawaii, we investigated the host selection and parasitism response of adult females to 43 different species of Coleoptera, including 23 Scolytinae (six Hypothenemus species and 17 others), and four additional Curculionidae. Non-target testing included Hawaiian endemic, exotic and beneficial coleopteran species. Using a no-choice laboratory bioassay, we demonstrated that P. coffea was only able to parasitize the target host H. hampei and four other adventive species of Hypothenemus: H. obscurus, H. seriatus, H. birmanus and H. crudiae. Hypothenemus hampei had the highest parasitism rate and shortest parasitoid development time of the five parasitized Hypothenemus spp. Parasitism and parasitoid emergence decreased with decreasing phylogenetic relatedness of the Hypothenemus spp. to H. hampei, and the most distantly related species, H. eruditus, was not parasitized. These results suggest that the risk of harmful non-target impacts is low because there are no native species of Hypothenemus in Hawaii, and P. coffea could be safely introduced for classical biological control of H. hampei in Hawaii.

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