scholarly journals Bulb and vegetative characteristics of garlic (Allium sativum L.) from in vitro culture through acclimatization and field production

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (43) ◽  
pp. 5792-5795 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Metwally E ◽  
E El Denary M ◽  
M K Omar A ◽  
Naidoo Y ◽  
H Dewir Y
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Field Production

Detection of infections in planting material of winter garlic in vitro

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
И.В. Муравьева ◽  
М.А. Азопкова ◽  
А.В. Поляков
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Russian Research ◽  
Research Institute

Чеснок (Allium sativum L.) – исключительно вегетативно размножаемое растение, которое подвержено заражению многочисленными грибными, бактериальными и другими фитопатогенами. При размножении инфицированных растений фитопатогены передаются потомству, что приводит к снижению урожайности, потере качества, лежкоспособности и часто к вырождению сортов. Сложность своевременного выявления наличия внутренней инфекции в посадочном материале чеснока послужила причиной исследования приемов биотехнологии для решения данной проблемы. Целью исследования было определение уровня и состава контаминации на эксплантах чеснока при введении в культуру in vitro. Исследования проведены на зубках чеснока ярового и озимого, выращенных в полевых условиях опытного участка ВНИИО - филиала ФГБНУ ФНЦО и хранившихся при температуре около 10 °С в течение 7-8 месяцев. Для введения в культуру in vitro отбирали внешне здоровые, не поврежденные зубки, донце которых служило эксплантом. Зубки чеснока промывали в проточной воде, выдерживали в 0,1% -ном растворе перманганата калия 20 минут, затем в условиях ламинарного бокса обрабатывали 70%-ным этанолом и стерилизовали в растворе гипохлорита натрия 1,5% в течение 20 минут. После стерилизации экспланты были помещены на питательную среду MS. Культивирование зубков чеснока ярового и озимого на питательной среде в культуре in vitro позволило выявить присутствие внутренней инфекции, характерной для чеснока, относящейся к родам Fusarium, Penicillum, Pseudomonas. Установлена инфицированность посадочного материала чеснока грибами рода Аspergillus, ранее не зафиксированной в условиях Московской области. Доля пораженных эксплантов чеснока озимого этим патогеном составила 9,3%, ярового - 8,2%. Наибольшую распространенность получили грибы рода Fusarium, доля которых составила в среднем на чесноке озимом 65,6%, на чесноке яровом – 27,6 %. Проведенные исследования показали, что посадочный материал чеснока озимого и ярового заражен характерными для культуры болезнями и нуждается в комплексном оздоровлении. Garlic is exclusively vegetatively propagated crop which is damaged by numerous funguses, bacterial and other phytopathogens. Under propagation of infected plants phytopathogens are transferred to progenies that leads to decrease productivity, to loss of quality, storability and frequently to degeneration of cultivars. The complexity of timely identification of presence of internal infection in landing material of garlic caused investigation of methods of biotechnology for the solution of this problem. The investigations were carried out on cloves of summer and winter garlic grown up in field conditions of the experimental plot belonging to All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – a branch of FSBSI Federal Scientific Vegetable Centre and stored in laboratory room at the temperature about 10 °C within 7-8 months. For introduction to in vitro culture there were selected outwardly healthy, not defective cloves the bottom parts of which were used as exsplants. After sterilization explants were placed on a medium. Cultivation of explants of summer and winter garlic on a medium in vitro culture allowed to reveal presence of the internal infection, the characteristic of garlic which is falling into to the sorts Fusarium, Penicillum, Pseudomonas. Contamination of landing material of garlic by fungi of the sort Aspergillus, earlier not recorded in the conditions of the Moscow region was established in the experiment. The share of damaged explants of winter garlic by pathogens made 9.3%, summer garlic – 8.2%. The greatest abundance was received by genus Fusariumfungi share of which on winter garlic consisted of 65.6%, on summer garlic – 27.6%. The carried out investigations showed that landing material of winter and summer garlic is infected with the diseases, characteristic of culture, and needs complex improvement.

scholarly journals REGENERATION OF WINTER GARLIC PLANTS (ALLIUM SATIVUM L.) IN VITRO FROM BULBILS

2018 ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Polyakov ◽  
M. A. Azopkova ◽  
N. N. Lebedeva ◽  
I. V. Muraveva
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Morphogenetic Potential ◽  
Modern Technologies

Garlic is exclusively vegetatively propagated plant which damaged by numerous virus, bacterial, fungus and other phytopathogens. Under propagation of damaged plants phytopathogens are transferred to progeny that leads to decrease in productivity, loss of quality, storability and frequently to degeneration of cultivars. In this regard improvement of landing material is obligate stage of the modern technologies of garlic production. Experimentally reasonable technology of the obtaining revitalized landing material of winter garlic based on in vitro cultivation of air bulbils on MS medium containing BA in concentration of 2 mg/l and NAA – 1 mg/l, which followed by formation of sprouts and then plants with bulbs is presented in the article. It is established that application of graduated sterilization of air bulbils isolated from not revealed inflorescences with diameter up to 25 mm for introduction in vitro culture allows to obtain plants free of internal infections. One of important factors influencing effectiveness of induction of morphogenesis is the plant genotype. Cultivar Emperor was characterized by high morphogenetic potential in vitro culture which significantly surpassed cultivar Gladiator at all stages of cultivation. The share of vital explants of Emperor cultivar consisted of 74,2%, and Gladiator cultivar – 56,3%. The morphogenesis of air bulbils in vitro conditions depends on their age. The share of vital micro bulbs with leaves formed under cultivation of air bulbils within 21 days isolated on 7th day after of exit of inflorescences from leaf sockets in depending on cultivar consisted of 65,0% and 76,4%. Cultivation of air bulbils of more old age is followed by their 100% growth with formation of leaves and microbulbs. Adaptation of such plants to ex vitro conditions is followed by obtaining monoclove bulbs cultivation of which in the open ground conditions leaded to formation of polyclove bulbs.Cultivation of plants in vitro on the medium containing sucrose in concentration of 10% gives the chance to keep viability material within 5-6 months.

Isohexenylnaphthazarins from Lithospermum canescens (Michx.) Lehm. and Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Jonst. in vitro culture

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Graikou ◽  
H Damianakos ◽  
K Syklowska-Baranek ◽  
A Pietrosiuk ◽  
M Jeziorek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Arnebia Euchroma ◽  
Lithospermum Canescens

Effect of antioxidants on in vitro culture of pomegranate cv. Sindhuri

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-318
Author(s):  
Ravi Kumar ◽  
◽  
M.L. Jakhar ◽  
Komal Sekhawat ◽  
Swarnlata Kumawat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture

Leaf Color of Plants Regenerated through In Vitro Culture from Variegated Leaf Segments of Caladium.

1993 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhu ◽  
Tetsuyuki Takemoto ◽  
Susumu Yazawa
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Leaf Color ◽  
Leaf Segments ◽  
Variegated Leaf

Aktivitas Antifungi Air Perasan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Candida albicans Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽  
Fauzia Andrini ◽  
Yulis Hamidy
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) has been known as traditional medicine. Shallot which has same genus with garlic(Allium sativum L.) contains allicin that is also found in garlic and has been suspected has fungicidal activity toCandida albicans. It is supported by several researches. Therefore, shallot is suspected has antifungal activity too.The aim of this research was to know antifungal activity of shallot’s water extortion againsts Candida albicans invitro. This was a laboratory experimental research which used completely randomized design, with diffusion method.Shallot’s water extortion was devided into three concentrations, there were 50%, 100% and 200%. Ketoconazole 2%was positive control and aquadest was negative control. The result of this research based on analysis of varians(Anova), there was significant difference between several treatments and was confirmed with Duncan New MultipleRange Test (DNMRT) p<0,05, there was significant difference between 100% shallot’s water extortion with othertreatments, but there was no significant difference between 50% shallot’s water extortion with 200% shallot’s. Theconclusion was shallot’s water extortion had antifungal activity againsts Candida albicans with the best concentration100%, but it was lower than ketoconazole 2%.

In vitro Culture of Human PBMCs

BIO-PROTOCOL ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Panda ◽  
Balachandran Ravindran
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Human Pbmcs

Morphogenesis of a Dissected Birch Leaf in vitro Culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 397-409
Author(s):  
O. S. Mashkina ◽  
T. M. Tabatskaya
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture
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