scholarly journals Prospects of leveraging an existing mosquito-borne disease surveillance system to monitor other emerging mosquito-borne diseases: a systematic review of West Nile Virus surveillance in Canada (2000–2016)

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luckrezia Awuor ◽  
Richard Meldrum ◽  
Eric N. Liberda
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Disease Surveillance System ◽  
Virus Surveillance ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Regional Health Authorities ◽  
Google Search

The objective of this paper was to characterize the role of the current West Nile Virus (WNV) surveillance in supporting the identification of and public health preparedness for other emerging mosquito-borne diseases in Canada. We systematically reviewed publicly accessible WNV surveillance records published within the federal, provincial (n = 10), territorial (n = 3), and regional health authorities (n = 95) between 2000 and 2016. We describe the strategic approaches and activities to WNV surveillance from 124 websites, four public health databases, and three custom Google search engines. WNV surveillance in Canada can address emerging mosquito-borne diseases. However, surveillance practices are likely to underestimate the true risks. Prioritizing and strengthening WNV surveillance by all levels of the Canadian Government through timely surveillance measures, consistent and representative data for accurate prediction of trends and risks are recommended.

Zoological institution participation in a West Nile virus surveillance system: Implications for public health

Public Health ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 125 (9) ◽  
pp. 592-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pultorak ◽  
Y. Nadler ◽  
D. Travis ◽  
A. Glaser ◽  
T. McNamara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Virus Surveillance

scholarly journals Characterization of Three Novel Viruses from the Families Nyamiviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, and Peribunyaviridae, Isolated from Dead Birds Collected during West Nile Virus Surveillance in Harris County, Texas

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Walker ◽  
Robert B. Tesh ◽  
Hilda Guzman ◽  
Vsevolod L. Popov ◽  
Amelia P.A. Travassos da Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Rna Viruses ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Harris County ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Virus Surveillance ◽  
Veterinary Importance ◽  
Potential Public Health

This report describes and characterizes three novel RNA viruses isolated from dead birds collected during West Nile virus surveillance in Harris County, TX, USA (the Houston metropolitan area). The novel viruses are identified as members of the families Nyamaviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, and Peribunyaviridae and have been designated as San Jacinto virus, Mason Creek virus, and Buffalo Bayou virus, respectively. Their potential public health and/or veterinary importance are still unknown.

Use of laboratory reports as predictors of West Nile virus disease cases, Texas, 2008–2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. YENDELL ◽  
J. TAYLOR ◽  
B. J. BIGGERSTAFF ◽  
L. TABONY ◽  
J. E. STAPLES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Base System ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Disease Surveillance System ◽  
Laboratory Report ◽  
Lag Times

SUMMARYWe evaluated laboratory reports as early indicators of West Nile virus (WNV) disease cases in Texas. We compared WNV laboratory results in the National Electronic Disease Surveillance System Base System (NBS) to WNV disease cases reported to the state health department from 2008 to 2012. We calculated sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of NBS reports, estimated the number of disease cases expected per laboratory report, and determined lead and lag times. The sensitivity and PPV of NBS laboratory reports were 86% and 77%, respectively. For every 10 positive laboratory reports, we expect 9·0 (95% confidence interval 8·9–9·2) reported disease cases. Laboratory reports preceded case reports with a lead time of 7 days. Electronic laboratory reports provided longer lead times than manually entered reports (P < 0·01). NBS laboratory reports are useful estimates of future reported WNV disease cases and may provide timely information for planning public health interventions.

scholarly journals West Nile virus surveillance in mosquitoes, April to October 2013, Vojvodina province, Serbia: implications for the 2014 season

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Kemenesi ◽  
B Krtinić ◽  
V Milankov ◽  
A Kutas ◽  
B Dallos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
The West ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Virus Surveillance ◽  
Anopheles Maculipennis ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Vojvodina Province

After the West Nile virus (WNV) outbreak in 2012, we collected mosquito samples from Vojvodina province, Serbia, in 2013. We found high WNV infection rate in two species, Culex pipiens and Anopheles maculipennis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Serbian WNV strains from 2013 were most closely related to Italian and Greek strains isolated in 2012 and 2010, respectively. Public health authorities should be aware of a potentially increased risk of WNV activity during the 2014 season.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of human West Nile virus infections in the European Union and European Union enlargement countries, 2010 to 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna J Young ◽  
Joana M Haussig ◽  
Stephan W Aberle ◽  
Danai Pervanidou ◽  
Flavia Riccardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
European Union ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
The European Union ◽  
West Nile ◽  
European Union Enlargement ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Public Health Authorities

Background West Nile virus (WNV) circulates in an enzootic cycle involving mosquitoes and birds; humans are accidental hosts. Aim We analysed human WNV infections reported between 2010 and 2018 to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control to better understand WNV epidemiology. Methods We describe probable and confirmed autochthonous human cases of WNV infection reported by European Union (EU) and EU enlargement countries. Cases with unknown clinical manifestation or with unknown place of infection at NUTS 3 or GAUL 1 level were excluded from analysis. Results From southern, eastern and western Europe, 3,849 WNV human infections and 379 deaths were reported. Most cases occurred between June and October. Two large outbreaks occurred, in 2010 (n = 391) and in 2018 (n = 1,993). The outbreak in 2018 was larger than in all previous years and the first cases were reported unusually early. The number of newly affected areas (n = 45) was higher in 2018 than in previous years suggesting wider spread of WNV. Conclusion Real-time surveillance of WNV infections is key to ensuring that clinicians and public health authorities receive early warning about the occurrence of cases and potential unusual seasonal patterns. Human cases may appear shortly after first detection of animal cases. Therefore, public health authorities should develop preparedness plans before the occurrence of human or animal WNV infections.

scholarly journals Blood donor screening for West Nile virus (WNV) revealed acute Usutu virus (USUV) infection, Germany, September 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cadar ◽  
Philipp Maier ◽  
Susanne Müller ◽  
Julia Kress ◽  
Michael Chudy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Blood Donor ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Usutu Virus ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Blood Donor Screening ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
The University

Between 1 June and 31 December 2016, 13,023 blood donations from the University Hospital Aachen in Germany were routinely screened for West Nile virus (WNV) RNA using the cobas TaqScreen WNV Test. On 28 September 2016, one blood donor was tested positive. Subsequent analysis revealed an acute Usutu virus (USUV) infection. During the ongoing USUV epizootics in Germany, blood transfusion services, public health authorities and clinicians should be aware of increased human USUV infections.

scholarly journals West Nile virus surveillance in Europe: moving towards an integrated animal-human-vector approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline M Gossner ◽  
Laurence Marrama ◽  
Marianne Carson ◽  
Franz Allerberger ◽  
Paolo Calistri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Vector Surveillance ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Public Health Authorities

This article uses the experience of five European countries to review the integrated approaches (human, animal and vector) for surveillance and monitoring of West Nile virus (WNV) at national and European levels. The epidemiological situation of West Nile fever in Europe is heterogeneous. No model of surveillance and monitoring fits all, hence this article merely encourages countries to implement the integrated approach that meets their needs. Integration of surveillance and monitoring activities conducted by the public health authorities, the animal health authorities and the authorities in charge of vector surveillance and control should improve efficiency and save resources by implementing targeted measures. The creation of a formal interagency working group is identified as a crucial step towards integration. Blood safety is a key incentive for public health authorities to allocate sufficient resources for WNV surveillance, while the facts that an effective vaccine is available for horses and that most infected animals remain asymptomatic make the disease a lesser priority for animal health authorities. The examples described here can support other European countries wishing to strengthen their WNV surveillance or preparedness, and also serve as a model for surveillance and monitoring of other (vector-borne) zoonotic infections.

scholarly journals West Nile Virus Circulation in Mosquitoes in Greece (2010–2013)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Patsoula ◽  
Annita Vakali ◽  
Georgios Balatsos ◽  
Danai Pervanidou ◽  
Stavroula Beleri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Regional Unit ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
The One

Background of the Study. Following a large West Nile virus (WNV) epidemic in Northern Greece in 2010, an active mosquito surveillance system was implemented, for a 3-year period (2011, 2012, and 2013).Description of the Study Site and Methodology. Using mainly CO2mosquito traps, mosquito collections were performed. Samples were pooled by date of collection, location, and species and examined for the presence of WNV.Results. Positive pools were detected in different areas of the country. In 2010, MIR and MLE values of 1.92 (95% CI: 0.00–4.57) and 2.30 (95% CI: 0.38–7.49) were calculated for the Serres Regional Unit in Central Macedonia Region. In 2011, the highest MIR value of 3.71(95% CI: 1.52–5.91) was recorded in the Regions of Central Greece and Thessaly. In 2012, MIR and MLE values for the whole country were 2.03 (95% CI: 1.73–2.33) and 2.15 (95% CI: 1.86–2.48), respectively, forCx. pipiens. In 2013, in the Regional Unit of Attica, the one outbreak epicenter, MIR and MLE values forCx. pipienswere 10.75 (95% CI: 7.52–13.99) and 15.76 (95% CI: 11.66–20.65), respectively.Significance of Results/Conclusions. The contribution of a mosquito-based surveillance system targeting WNV transmission is highlighted through the obtained data, as in most regions positive mosquito pools were detected prior to the date of symptom onset of human cases. Dissemination of the results on time to Public Health Authorities resulted in planning and application of public health interventions in local level.

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