scholarly journals Pilot study: Assessment of the presence of mold in indoor swimming pools

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Milena Agababova ◽  
Chun-Yip Hon
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Mold Growth ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Air Samples ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Air Sampler ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
The Ideal

Indoor swimming pools are the ideal environment for mold growth as they are intentionally humid and warm. Although there are no established safe exposure levels for airborne mold spores, their presence has been associated with adverse health effects that may put individuals at risk. The objective of this pilot study was to observe the occurrence of airborne mold within indoor swimming pools (n = 6) in the Greater Toronto Area. Viable air samples were taken using a Surface Air System air sampler and cultured to quantify and identify airborne mold using microscopy. In addition, relative humidity and temperature were measured and facility characteristics were recorded. Overall, the mold counts were relatively low and were consistent with the literature. However, a biodiverse fungal profile was found at most sites—some of which included fungal groups linked to harmful health effects in humans. Since this was a pilot study, further research is suggested to determine whether the concentration of mold is a cause for concern.

scholarly journals Characterization of the bacterial and fungal microbiome in indoor dust and outdoor air samples: a pilot study

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 713-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blake Hanson ◽  
Yanjiao Zhou ◽  
Eddy J. Bautista ◽  
Bruce Urch ◽  
Mary Speck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Air Samples ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Fungal Microbiome ◽  
Environmental Microbes

Environmental microbes have been associated with both protective and adverse health effects in children and adults.

scholarly journals A Review of Chlorine in Indoor Swimming Pools and its Increased Risk of Adverse Health Effects

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Angione ◽  
Heather McClenaghan ◽  
Ashley LaPlante
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Elite Swimmers ◽  
Global Statistics ◽  
Year 2000

Background: Chlorine is a commonly used agent for water disinfectant in swimming pools. Inadequate ventilation in indoor swimming pools and chlorination disinfectant by-products (DBP’s) caused by organic matter promote the increased risk of adverse health effects. Water quality and proper ventilation must be monitored to avoid health risks in youth and adolescents. Methods: Studies were researched on children and adolescents from 2-18 years old who swim indoors. Articles were limited by only including journals from the year 2000 through 2010 and contain global statistics. Peer reviewed scientific articles were reviewed and a meta-analysis of three different scientific research databases, PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar, was conducted. Results and Conclusions: Children under five years of age, lifeguards and elite swimmers are at an increased risk of upper and lower respiratory symptoms, such as asthma, when exposed to chlorinated swimming frequently. Recreational swimmers who swim moderately are at a lower risk for developing occupational asthma. Implications: Reducing exposure to chlorine from indoor swimming pools may limit the risk of developing upper and lower respiratory infections. 

scholarly journals Occupational exposure to trichloramine and trihalomethanes: adverse health effects among personnel in habilitation and rehabilitation swimming pools

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Westerlund ◽  
Ing-Liss Bryngelsson ◽  
Håkan Löfstedt ◽  
Kåre Eriksson ◽  
Håkan Westberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Adverse Health

Cancer in agricultural populations

2020 ◽  
pp. 837-837
Author(s):  
K. . Togawa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
International Consortium ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Specific Cancer ◽  
Cancer Types

Agricultural workers can be exposed to a wide variety of agents (e.g. pesticides), some of which may have adverse health effects, such as cancer. To study the health effects of agricultural exposures, an international consortium of agricultural cohort studies, AGRICOH, was established. The present analysis compared cancer incidence between the AGRICOH cohorts and the general population and found lower overall cancer incidence in the AGRICOH cohorts, with some variation across cohorts for specific cancer types. The observed lower cancer incidence may be due to healthy worker bias or lower prevalence of risk factors in the agricultural populations. Further analysis is underway.

scholarly journals Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial examining the effect of blood and plasma donation on serum perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) levels in firefighters

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e044833
Author(s):  
Gabriel Silver ◽  
Yordanka Krastev ◽  
Miriam K Forbes ◽  
Brenton Hamdorf ◽  
Barry Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Plasma Donation ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionPerfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a diverse group of compounds that have been used in hundreds of industrial applications and consumer products including aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) for many years. Multiple national and international health and environmental agencies have accepted that PFAS exposures are associated with numerous adverse health effects. Australian firefighters have been shown to have elevated levels of PFAS in their blood, specifically perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), due to the historical use of AFFF. While PFAS concentrations decline over time once the source of exposure has been removed, their potential adverse health effects are such that it would be prudent to develop an intervention to lower levels at a faster rate than occurs via natural elimination rates.Methods and analysisThis is a randomised controlled trial of current and former Australian firefighters in the Metropolitan Fire Brigade/Fire Rescue Victoria, and contractors, with previous occupational exposure to PFAS and baseline elevated PFOS levels. The study is investigating whether whole blood donation every 12 weeks or plasma donation every 6 weeks will significantly reduce PFAS levels, compared with a control group. We have used covariate-adaptive randomisation to balance participants’ sex and blood PFAS levels between the three groups and would consider a 25% reduction in serum PFOS and PFHxS levels to be potentially clinically significant after 12 months of whole blood or plasma donation. A secondary analysis of health biomarkers is being made of changes between screening and week 52 in all three groups.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has been approved by Macquarie University Human Research Ethics Committee (reference number: 3855), final protocol V.2 dated 12 June 2019. Study results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and presentations at conferences.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619000204145).

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