Drug and alcohol consumption as functions of social structures: a cross-cultural sociology

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (07) ◽  
pp. 43-4346-43-4346
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cultural Sociology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

scholarly journals Cross-cultural similarity in relationship-specific social touching

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1901) ◽  
pp. 20190467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juulia T. Suvilehto ◽  
Lauri Nummenmaa ◽  
Tokiko Harada ◽  
Robin I. M. Dunbar ◽  
Riitta Hari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Social Grooming ◽  
Emotional Bonding ◽  
Social Touch ◽  
Cultural Similarity

Many species use touching for reinforcing social structures, and particularly, non-human primates use social grooming for managing their social networks. However, it is still unclear how social touch contributes to the maintenance and reinforcement of human social networks. Human studies in Western cultures suggest that the body locations where touch is allowed are associated with the strength of the emotional bond between the person touched and the toucher. However, it is unknown to what extent this relationship is culturally universal and generalizes to non-Western cultures. Here, we compared relationship-specific, bodily touch allowance maps across one Western ( N = 386, UK) and one East Asian ( N = 255, Japan) country. In both cultures, the strength of the emotional bond was linearly associated with permissible touch area. However, Western participants experienced social touching as more pleasurable than Asian participants. These results indicate a similarity of emotional bonding via social touch between East Asian and Western cultures.

Drugs and Alcohol: US Prohibition and the Origins of the Drug Trade in Mexico, 1910–1930

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
GABRIELA RECIO
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Trade ◽  
Active Participant ◽  
Drugs And Alcohol ◽  
Illicit Markets ◽  
Important Player ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Even though Mexico has been an important player in the international drug trade, this country's history in such illegal ventures has been insufficiently studied. In an effort to begin to understand how and when the country began to be an active participant in such illicit markets, this article first analyses regulations introduced in the United States regarding drug and alcohol consumption, marketing and production and assesses their impact on the Mexican side. Secondly, it argues that Mexico's participation in the narcotics trade, the routes that have developed and the Mexican states involved in this traffic have roots that can be traced to the beginning of the twentieth century at least.

scholarly journals Topography of social touching depends on emotional bonds between humans

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (45) ◽  
pp. 13811-13816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juulia T. Suvilehto ◽  
Enrico Glerean ◽  
Robin I. M. Dunbar ◽  
Riitta Hari ◽  
Lauri Nummenmaa
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Social Bonds ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Social Touch ◽  
Emotional Bonds ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Relationship

Nonhuman primates use social touch for maintenance and reinforcement of social structures, yet the role of social touch in human bonding in different reproductive, affiliative, and kinship-based relationships remains unresolved. Here we reveal quantified, relationship-specific maps of bodily regions where social touch is allowed in a large cross-cultural dataset (N = 1,368 from Finland, France, Italy, Russia, and the United Kingdom). Participants were shown front and back silhouettes of human bodies with a word denoting one member of their social network. They were asked to color, on separate trials, the bodily regions where each individual in their social network would be allowed to touch them. Across all tested cultures, the total bodily area where touching was allowed was linearly dependent (mean r2 = 0.54) on the emotional bond with the toucher, but independent of when that person was last encountered. Close acquaintances and family members were touched for more reasons than less familiar individuals. The bodily area others are allowed to touch thus represented, in a parametric fashion, the strength of the relationship-specific emotional bond. We propose that the spatial patterns of human social touch reflect an important mechanism supporting the maintenance of social bonds.

scholarly journals Effects of the "Te Acompaño" program in the selective prevention of drug and alcohol consumption in adolocescents

Medwave ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (Suppl6) ◽  
pp. 6779-6779
Author(s):  
Sandra Tarazona Chaparro ◽  
Carolina Vidal Gamboa ◽  
Lorena Hoffmeister
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
Selective Prevention

scholarly journals "Like a porn movie": Notes on boundaries and bodies that matter in male sex clubs

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-153
Author(s):  
Camilo Braz
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
And Control ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
The City

This article is based on ethnographic research carried out in male sex clubs in São Paulo between 2006 and 2008. Drawing on interviews conducted with club-goers and club owners, it discusses the recent segmentation of the sexual leisure market for men in the city, and the processes by which stereotypes and characteristics associated with virility are valued and performed. The possible effects of these processes on subjectivity constitution are also investigated. In sex clubs, sexual practices considered borderline, such as fist-fucking and other practices associated with BDSM, are material for specific and refined learning. The data gathered from interviews show that condom use and drug and alcohol consumption are subject to a sort of surveillance and control, especially when it comes to their questions of 'excess'. This control provides sex clubs with a sense of legitimacy, making them part of a viable erotic market. The intention here is to demonstrate the analytical interest of this control in the context of the construction of subjects and bodies that matter in these venues. Like practices which evoke control or loss thereof, bodies and clubs need to have their excesses checked so that they are intelligible and desirable.

scholarly journals Co-ingested alcohol and the timing of deliberate self-poisonings

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate M Chitty ◽  
Katharine Kirby ◽  
Nicholas J Osborne ◽  
Geoffrey K Isbister ◽  
Nicholas A Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Diurnal Patterns ◽  
Diurnal Distribution ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Proximal Risk Factor ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
Prominent Peak

Objective: Investigating diurnal variation in the timing of suicidal behaviours offers opportunity to better understand its various proximal risk factors. Acute use of alcohol is a potent proximal risk factor for suicidal behaviour, though the nature of this risk is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to compare the diurnal variation in time of poison ingestion between deliberate self-poisonings that involve alcohol versus those that do not. Methods: A retrospective analysis of consecutive presentations to a toxicology service following deliberate self-poisoning, 1996–2016. An independent samples Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was performed to test the null hypothesis that the diurnal distribution of poison ingestion time was equal across self-poisonings that did and did not involve alcohol co-ingestion. Presence of circadian rhythmicity was established using cosinor analysis. Results: A total of 11,088 deliberate self-poisoning records, for 7467 patients (60.8% females), were included in the analysis. In all, 31.3% of the total records involved alcohol co-ingestion. Distribution of exposure time was significantly different between deliberate self-poisonings that did and did not involve alcohol ( p < 0.001). The alcohol co-ingestion group showed a significantly greater prominent peak with poisoning occurring later in the evening (~20:00 hours) compared to poisonings that did not involve alcohol (~18:00 hours). Conclusion: This study exposed the differential diurnal patterns in deliberate self-poisoning according to the presence of alcohol co-ingestion. This analysis adds to the accumulating evidence that suicidal behaviour that involves alcohol co-ingestion represents a distinct subtype, which may be driven by alcohol consumption patterns in society. This also means that this large proportion of deliberate self-poisonings may not otherwise have occurred if it were not for alcohol consumption, underscoring the importance of drug and alcohol services for alcohol-related self-harm.

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