The Picaresque novel in Western literature: from the sixteenth century to the neopicaresque

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (09) ◽  
pp. 53-3867-53-3867
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Western Literature ◽  
Picaresque Novel

Lazarillo de Tormes and the Quest tor Authority

PMLA ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas M. Carey
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Lazarillo De Tormes ◽  
Verbal Art ◽  
Picaresque Novel ◽  
The Social ◽  
Closed Society ◽  
The Individual

The struggle between power, which enables the individual to participate in social exchange, and desire (resulting from an absence or lack), which isolates the individual from the social order, characterizes the sixteenth-century prototype picaresque novel Lazarillo de Tormes; and art is posited throughout as a means of attaining power. At each stage of this pseudoautobiography, the hero, functioning as both character (the young Lazarillo) and narrator (the adult Lázaro), depends on the use of rhetoric to influence others and change his station in life. The young trickster employs cunning wit in his struggle to integrate himself into a seemingly closed society, and the mature apologist, in his forced confession, an antiutopian transformation of the Augustinian confessional form, uses verbal art in an attempt to mediate the conflict between his desire and the power of authorities who still persecute him despite the degree of worldly success he has attained.

Maxims of Foreign Policy

Itinerario ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-79
Author(s):  
W.J. Boot
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Cultural Sphere ◽  
Japanese Identity

In the pre-modern period, Japanese identity was articulated in contrast with China. It was, however, articulated in reference to criteria that were commonly accepted in the whole East-Asian cultural sphere; criteria, therefore, that were Chinese in origin.One of the fields in which Japan's conception of a Japanese identity was enacted was that of foreign relations, i.e. of Japan's relations with China, the various kingdoms in Korea, and from the second half of the sixteenth century onwards, with the Portuguese, Spaniards, Dutchmen, and the Kingdom of the Ryūkū.

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