scholarly journals Newbery Medal Novels: What They Reveal about Class Differences and the American Dream

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Jonathan Lathey
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
American Dream ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Robert Putnam ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Newbery Medal ◽  
American Children

Robert Putnam observed that social class differences, now more than ever, determine the life outcomes of American children. Putnam reported evidence that the American Dream is in crisis for children born into lower-class families—these children have far fewer opportunities for success. This might suggest a loss of a survival narrative for these children.

scholarly journals Partner Commitment in Close Relationships Mitigates Social Class Differences in Subjective Well-Being

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacinth Jia Xin Tan ◽  
Michael W. Kraus ◽  
Emily Impett ◽  
Dacher Keltner
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Relationship

Close relationships can be a source of positive subjective well-being for lower-class individuals, but stresses of lower-class environments tend to negatively impact those relationships. The present research demonstrates that a partner’s commitment in close relationships buffers against the negative impact of lower-class environments on relationships, mitigating social class differences in subjective well-being. In two samples of close relationship dyads, we found that when partners reported low commitment to the relationship, relatively lower-class individuals experienced poorer well-being than their upper-class counterparts, assessed as life satisfaction among romantic couples (Study 1) and negative affect linked to depression among ethnically diverse close friendships (Study 2). Conversely, when partners reported high commitment to the relationship, deficits in the well-being of lower-class relative to upper-class individuals were attenuated. Implications of these findings for upending the class divide in subjective well-being are discussed.

Social-Class Correlates of Selected Cognitive Functions

1965 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Ralph Scott
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Motivational Conflict

Using data from four tests of cognitive functions for 126 14- to 16-yr.-old students certain social-class differences appeared related to levels of need content. The observation that lower-class Ss tended to prefer items of lower need levels in the Maslow hierarchy when confronted with reality situations and higher need contents in fantasy-choice situations was interpreted as reflecting motivational conflict.

scholarly journals Champagne taste, beer budget: The new poor’s incongruent capital and consumption

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Fen Chen ◽  
Michelle R. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Downward Mobility ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Price Range ◽  
Fragmented Identity ◽  
Consumer Culture Theory

This study examines the shopping preferences of “new poor” consumers who have incongruent capital: lower economic capital and higher noneconomic capital. The new poor exemplify consumers with ambiguous and fragmented identity; thus, they do not fit marketers’ static categorization of consumer segments. In the marketplace, these consumers must compromise between their upper-class taste and lower-class earnings. Taking a Consumer Culture Theory approach to examine consumers’ identity projects in social inequality, we conduct 20 interviews among self-defined new poor consumers in the United States and Taiwan to explore how their dynamic social class consciousness is reflected in everyday consumption. The findings suggest that new poor consumers perform “compromised ideal consumption” in which they strategically interpret and wield their remaining capital to signal social class differences, while employing adaptive and active capitalization acts to access goods that should have been beyond their price range. The findings illuminate how incongruent, devalued capital reproduces social stratification in the context of downward mobility.

The impact of social class and social cognitive domain on northeastern Brazilian mothers' and daughters' conceptions of parental control

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Tereza Lins-Dyer ◽  
Larry Nucci
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Mothers And Daughters ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Mother Daughter Relationship ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Actual Control

The impact of social class was explored on Brazilian mothers' and daughters' conceptions of who should, and who actually would control decisions regarding the daughters' actions. Participants were 126 middle class and 126 lower class girls aged 11–16 years, and their mothers. No social class differences were found in daughters' judgments about who should control decisions. Lower class daughters perceived mothers as exerting greater actual control than did middle class daughters. Lower class mothers claimed higher control over prudential and conventional matters than did middle class mothers. Findings that daughters and mothers in both social classes viewed personal matters as under the daughters' control challenged the notion that interdependence is fostered by the mother–daughter relationship and are consistent with more recent views that an individualism–collectivism dichotomy should not be used to characterize cultures.

Verbal Activity of Middle- and Lower-Class Parents When Teaching Their Child

1977 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 575-578
Author(s):  
Theodore Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Family Interaction ◽  
Experimental Task ◽  
Verbal Activity ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Teaching Interaction ◽  
Middle Class Families

The present study attempted to evaluate the influence of social class insofar as determining patterns of parental activity during a parent-to-child teaching interaction. In all respects subject composition was the same as previously reported. The experimental task required parents to explain the meaning of a proverb to their son, and during this interaction total talking time was recorded for each family member. Results supported expectations that fathers spoke more than mothers in middle-class families and almost equal to mothers in lower-class families. The meaning of class differences in family interaction is discussed and directions for research are described.

The Class–Compassion Gap

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul K. Piff ◽  
Jake P. Moskowitz
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Mitigating Factors ◽  
Lower Social Class ◽  
And Behavior

Who is more likely to experience compassion: someone who is rich or someone who is poor? In this chapter, we review how psychological science can shed light on this question. We argue that social class differences in objective material resources (e.g., income) and corresponding subjective perceptions of rank produce self- versus other-oriented patterns of social cognition and behavior among upper- and lower-class individuals, respectively. Extending this framework to the domain of compassion, empirical studies find that individuals from lower social class backgrounds are more prone to feelings of compassion and more likely to behave in ways that are compassionate, including sharing with, caring for, and helping others, relative to individuals from higher social class backgrounds. We describe boundary conditions and mitigating factors to the class–compassion gap, and conclude by outlining important questions and lines of inquiry to guide future research.

In a Class on Their Own: Investigating the Role of Social Integration in the Association Between Social Class and Mental Well-Being

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110211
Author(s):  
Olivia Evans ◽  
Mark Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Financial Issues

It has been established that people from lower social classes tend to have poorer mental well-being compared with people from higher classes. Research also suggests that people from the lower classes are also less socially integrated. This research investigated the role of social integration in the relationship between social class and mental well-being across three studies (Study 1 N = 15,028; Study 2 N = 1,946; Study 3 N = 461). Across all studies, social class had an indirect effect on mental well-being via social integration. Moderation results found that social integration buffers the negative impact of financial issues on mental well-being, social support buffers the effects of class on mental ill-health, and family support amplifies rather than reduces social class differences in mental well-being. We propose that although improving social integration has the potential to improve the mental well-being of lower class populations, some caveats need to be considered.

Social Class Differences in Patients' Self-Perceived Treatment Needs

1972 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 987-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Fitzgibbons
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
High Social Class ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
Definition Of

A comparison of the factor structure of patients' self-perceived treatment needs between psychiatric patients of low and high social class showed strong similarity on several factors. Reports of need for help with marital and economic-vocational difficulties and psychotic symptoms were identical. The phenomenological experience of anxiety and depression was indistinguishable, but patients of high social class expected relief in improved interpersonal relations while patients of lower class sought relief in escape. Guilt appeared to be without specific referent in the lower-class group but associated with behavioral acts among higher class Ss. Groups differed in their reported feelings of inadequacy. Patients of higher class failed to attribute psychological difficulties to physical causes. The influence of patients' self-definition of disturbance upon choice of treatment is discussed.

scholarly journals REPRESENTATION OF SOCIAL CLASS IN FILM (Semiotic Analysis of Roland Barthes Film Parasite)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
Vicky Dianiya
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
The Core ◽  
Analysis Phase ◽  
Class Representation

Social class differences have been formed long ago which can identify people's identities which are usually measured based on economic status. This class difference is depicted in Bong Joon-ho's Parasite film, telling of two families of different classes. The Kim family as a lower class and vice versa Mr. Park as the upper class. The core theme of the film Parasite is that of realistic drama about class domination which can also be seen around us. The paradigm used is critical interpretative, so researchers not only criticize but also make interpretations related to this Parasite film. In the analysis phase, this study uses Roland Barthes's semiotic analysis, which are signs in the form of words, images, sounds, movements and objects that are analyzed based on three things, namely parsing data based on the connotation, denotation and myths contained in the Parasite film scene. . Furthermore, representations produced through objects or images can produce meaning or processes that we understand or relate them to a meaning. Based on the first analysis of the film industry, Parasite Films are not included in the logic of most cultural industries but still succeed in penetrating the international market. Then, at the stage of representing social class markings in the film Parasite, it is found that there are at least five main points, namely: ease of life, fashion, boundaries, body odor, and color. Thus, the description of social class representation in the film Parasite is perfect both in its scenes, properties, and cinematography.

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