scholarly journals Hidden in plain sight, Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. (Chaetopteridae, Annelida) – A new species from Southern California

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekin Tilic ◽  
Greg W. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Southern California ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Submarine Canyon ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Morphological Investigation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chaetopterus Variopedatus ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
La Jolla ◽  
A New Species

We describe a long-unnamed Chaetopterus Cuvier, 1830 species from southern California, using a combination of DNA barcoding and detailed morphological investigation employing high-resolution X-ray microtomography (micro-CT). Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. is not only one of the most dominant annelids in the benthic communities of the shallow end of the La Jolla submarine canyon, but also a well-established model for studying bioluminescence and has a published transcriptome. The description and naming of this southern Californian Chaetopterus is a step towards the much-needed revision of the group’s taxonomy and towards resolving the confusion over the ʻcosmopolitanʼ Chaetopterus variopedatus species complex. Micro-CT data showing details of both internal and external anatomy has been made freely available as the first annelid cybertype.

scholarly journals Tectonic controls on nearshore sediment accumulation and submarine canyon morphology offshore La Jolla, Southern California

2010 ◽  
Vol 268 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 115-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Le Dantec ◽  
Leah J. Hogarth ◽  
Neal W. Driscoll ◽  
Jeffrey M. Babcock ◽  
Walter A. Barnhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern California ◽  
Sediment Accumulation ◽  
Submarine Canyon ◽  
La Jolla

Anatomy of the La Jolla Submarine Canyon system; offshore southern California

2013 ◽  
Vol 335 ◽  
pp. 16-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.K. Paull ◽  
D.W. Caress ◽  
E. Lundsten ◽  
R. Gwiazda ◽  
K. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern California ◽  
Submarine Canyon ◽  
La Jolla

Tobolocella levinae n. gen., n. sp., a cheilostome bryozoan from the late Maastrichtian of northern Kazakhstan: scanning electron microscope and micro-CT study

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna V. Koromyslova ◽  
Alexey V. Pakhnevich ◽  
Petr V. Fedorov
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Northern Kazakhstan ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
The Right ◽  
Scanning Electron

A cheilostome bryozoan Tobolocella levinae gen. et sp. nov. is described from a late Maastrichtian outcrop located on the right bank of the Tobol River in northern Kazakhstan. Its morphology is investigated in detail using combined scanning electron microscopy and X-ray micro-CT data. These studies reveal that colonies of this new genus generally consist of regularly arranged but morphologically different zooids: autozooids, T-zooids, and vicarious avicularia. The T-zooids first established in T. levinae gen. et sp. nov. are zooids with a modified cystid and can be interpreted as autozooidal polymorphs, if its polypide was identical to that of regular autozooids, or heterozooids, if its polypide was modified. The T-zooids probably can increase the distance between autozooidal polypides to improve their feeding efficiency.

scholarly journals Sodium Iodide as a Contrast Agent for X-ray Micro-CT of a Wood Plastic Composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Dengcheng Feng ◽  
Michael Turner ◽  
Philip D. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Sodium Iodide ◽  
Zinc Borate ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Wood Plastic Composite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Wood Particles ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
The Relationship

The properties of wood plastic composites (WPCs) depend on their microstructure, particularly the level and geometry of wood reinforcement in the composite. We hypothesize that impregnating a WPC with a radiocontrast agent will increase the contrast between wood and plastic, allowing better visualization of its microstructure and numerical analysis of the geometry of its wood reinforcement. A commercial WPC was scanned using X-ray micro-CT, impregnated with aqueous sodium iodide, and then rescanned. CT data from both scans were visualized, and we analyzed the geometry of wood reinforcement and levels of wood, plastic, zinc borate (ZB), and voids in the WPC. ZB occurred mainly as discrete particles between wood flakes, and interfacial voids formed a network of cracks within the WPC. Sodium iodide labeling made it possible to clearly visualize wood and plastic in the WPC and quantify levels of different phases and the geometry of wood particles. However, sodium iodide was not an ideal contrast agent because it swelled wood particles, closed interfacial voids, and partially dissolved ZB particles. We suggest methods of overcoming these limitations and conclude that advances in labeling are necessary to improve our understanding of the relationship between the microstructure of WPCs and their properties.

scholarly journals Palaeogeographic implications of a new iocrinid crinoid (Disparida) from the Ordovician (Darriwillian) of Morocco

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Zamora ◽  
Imran A. Rahman ◽  
William I. Ausich
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Surrounding Rock ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Anal Sac ◽  
Micro Tomography ◽  
Common Genus ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
A New Species

Complete, articulated crinoids from the Ordovician peri-Gondwanan margin are rare. Here, we describe a new species,Iocrinus africanussp. nov., from the Darriwilian-age Taddrist Formation of Morocco. The anatomy of this species was studied using a combination of traditional palaeontological methods and non-destructive X-ray micro-tomography (micro-CT). This revealed critical features of the column, distal arms, and aboral cup, which were hidden in the surrounding rock and would have been inaccessible without the application of micro-CT.Iocrinus africanussp. nov. is characterized by the presence of seven to thirteen tertibrachials, three in-line bifurcations per ray, and an anal sac that is predominantly unplated or very lightly plated.Iocrinusis a common genus in North America (Laurentia) and has also been reported from the United Kingdom (Avalonia) and Oman (middle east Gondwana). Together withMerocrinus, it represents one of the few geographically widespread crinoids during the Ordovician and serves to demonstrate that faunal exchanges between Laurentia and Gondwana occurred at this time. This study highlights the advantages of using both conventional and cutting-edge techniques (such as micro-CT) to describe the morphology of new fossil specimens.

scholarly journals Microstructure of a Paint Primer - a Data-Constrained Modeling Analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 1686-1689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Yang ◽  
Da Chao Gao ◽  
Tim Muster ◽  
Andrew Tulloh ◽  
Scott Furman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Inhibitor ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microstructure Modeling ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Multiphase Systems ◽  
Filler Particles ◽  
Ct Data

Metallic aerospace components are commonly painted with a primer to improve their corrosion resistance. The primer contains a polymer matrix with embedded corrosion inhibitor and filler particles. Its performance is determined by the microscopic distributions of the particles. Various techniques have been used to quantify such distributions, including X-ray micro-computed tomography (CT). However, its success is sometimes limited by factors such as different particles having similar X-ray CT absorption properties and their size being smaller than the resolution of micro-CT. In this paper, we have performed two X-ray CT measurements on a paint primer sample consisting of SrCrO4 corrosion inhibitor particles and UV-absorbing TiO2 filler particles. Fe and Ti targets were used as X-ray sources with different spectral distributions. The measured CT data sets were used as constraints for a data-constrained microstructure modeling (DCM) prediction of the sample’s microscopic structures. DCM model predictions were compared with experimental elemental surface maps and showed reasonable degree of agreement, suggesting X-ray micro-CT combined with DCM modeling would be a powerful technique for detailing the dynamics of chromate-inhibited primers and other multiphase systems where the components are sensitive to incident X-ray energy.

Two Dimensional Histogram of X-Ray Microtomogrpahy and Its Application in Quantification of Ex Vivo Implants

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 915-1918
Author(s):  
Shuo Zou ◽  
Roger A. Brooks ◽  
Serena Best ◽  
Tom Buckland ◽  
Xiao Wei Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Volume Effect ◽  
Partial Volume Effect ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Contrast Transfer Function ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Definition Of

Computerized X-ray microtomography (micro CT) is a powerful technique for imaging and quantification in biomedical materials research. Mapping of various tissue/implants in 3-dimension, which is not achievable with traditional histological slices, is particularly desirable in ex-vivo implant analysis. However, due to a variety of artifacts during image formation, especially the blurred interfaces due to the machine contrast transfer function and the partial volume effect, quantification based on traditional histograms is not accurate. In this work we propose a new 2-dimensional histogram and its application in the analysis of micro CT data of ex-vivo implants, which significantly improve the clarity of the definition of different phases and drastically reduced the artifacts of segmentation compared to conventional methods.

The invisibile becomes visible: X-ray micro-CT reconstruction of Aneurus damzeni sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Aradidae) from Eocene Baltic amber

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4950 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
ERNST HEISS ◽  
KRISTAPS KAIRIŠS ◽  
ANDRIS BUKEJS
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Baltic Amber ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Ct Reconstruction ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Burmese Amber ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
A New Species

The subfamily Aneurinae of the flat bug family Aradidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) contains about 150 extant species assigned to seven genera, and seven fossil species of which six were described from Eocene Baltic amber and one from Cretaceous Burmese amber. A new species Aneurus damzeni sp. nov. from Baltic amber is described and illustrated using X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT) reconstructing concealed morphological characters. A key to all five extant and fossil Aneurinae species with triangular scutellum is provided. 

Data-Constrained Microstructure Characterization with Multispectrum X-Ray Micro-CT

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 524-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheridan C. Mayo ◽  
Andrew M. Tulloh ◽  
Adrian Trinchi ◽  
Sam Y.S. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Reasonable Agreement ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Modeling Methodology ◽  
Ct Data

AbstractConventional X-ray microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) is not usually sufficient to determine microscopic compositional distributions as it is limited to measuring the X-ray attenuation of the sample, which for a given dataset can be similar for materials of different composition. In contrast, the present work enables three-dimensional compositional analysis with a data-constrained microstructure (DCM) modeling methodology, which uses two or more CT datasets acquired with different X-ray spectra and incorporates them as model constraints. For providing input data for DCM, we have also developed a method of micro-CT data collection that enables two datasets with different X-ray spectra to be acquired in parallel. Such data are used together with the DCM methodology to predict the distributions of corrosion inhibitor and filler in a polymer matrix. The DCM-predicted compositional microstructures have a reasonable agreement with energy dispersive X-ray images taken on the sample surface.

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