scholarly journals Integrative taxonomy of five astome ciliates (Ciliophora, Astomatia) isolated from earthworms in Central Europe

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Obert ◽  
Peter Vďačný
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Lumbricus Terrestris ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Ciliate Species ◽  
Octolasion Tyrtaeum ◽  
Endogeic Earthworms

Four earthworm species, the endogeic Octolasion tyrtaeum (Savigny, 1826), the anecic Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus, 1758 as well as the epigeic Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) and Dendrobaena veneta (Rosa, 1886), were examined for the presence of astome ciliates. Based on the integrative taxonomic approach, five ciliate species were recognized in their gastrointestinal tracts: Metaradiophrya lumbrici (Dujardin, 1841), M. varians (de Puytorac, 1954), Anoplophrya lumbrici (Schrank, 1803), A. vulgaris de Puytorac, 1954 and A. nodulata (Dujardin, 1841). Their distinctness was assessed using the multivariate morphometric approach and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Although the two species of Metaradiophrya Jankowski, 2007 on the one hand and the two former species of Anoplophrya Stein, 1860 on the other, were not distinctly separated by the multivariate morphometric analyses, they were clearly delimited by the 18S rRNA gene sequences. Species within each genus also differed by their hosts, M. lumbrici and A. lumbrici occurred only in anecic earthworms while M. varians and A. vulgaris occured exclusively in epigeic earthworms. Only a single species, A. nodulata, was detected in endogeic earthworms. It was morphologically distinct from and did not cluster with the two other species of Anoplophrya but was nested within the paraphyletic assemblage containing other astomes from endogeic earthworms. This indicates that the evolution of endosymbiotic ciliates from earthworms has very likely proceeded through a specialization to various ecological groups of their host organisms.

Steinernema borjomiense n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Georgia

Nematology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 653-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Gorgadze ◽  
Elena Fanelli ◽  
Manana Lortkhipanidze ◽  
Alberto Troccoli ◽  
Medea Burjanadze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
A New Species

Summary A new species of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema borjomiense n. sp., was isolated from the body of the host insect, Oryctes nasicornis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), in Georgia, in the territory of Borjomi-Kharagauli. Morphological characters indicate that the new species is closely related to species of the feltiae-group. The infective juveniles are characterised by the following morphological characters: body length of 879 (777-989) μm, distance between the head and excretory pore = 72 (62-80) μm, pharynx length = 132 (122-142) μm, tail length = 70 (60-80) μm, ratio a = 26.3 (23.0-29.3), H% = 45 (40-51), D% = 54 (47-59), E% = 102 (95-115), and lateral fields consisting of seven ridges (eight incisures) at mid-body. Steinernema borjomiense n. sp. was molecularly characterised by sequencing three ribosomal regions (the ITS, the D2-D3 expansion domains and the 18S rRNA gene) and the mitochondrial COI gene. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that S. borjomiense n. sp. differs from all other known species of Steinernema and is a member of the monticolum-group.

Morphological redescription and molecular characterization of Trichodina matsu Basson & Van As, 1994 (Ciliophora, Mobilida, Trichodinidae) infecting Tachysurus fulvidraco (Richardson, 1846) from Chongqing, China

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4995 (2) ◽  
pp. 334-344
Author(s):  
QIAN ZHOU ◽  
FAHUI TANG ◽  
YUANJUN ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Sequence Alignments ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Multiple Sequence Alignments ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Tachysurus Fulvidraco

During a survey of parasitic ciliates in Chongqing, China, Trichodina matsu Basson & Van As, 1994 was isolated from gills of Tachysurus fulvidraco. Furthermore, the 18S rRNA gene and ITS-5.8S rRNA region of T. matsu were sequenced for the first time and applied for the species identification and comparison with similar species in the present study. Based on the morphological and molecular comparisons, the results indicate that T. matsu is an ectoparasite specific for the Siluriformes catfish. Based on the analyses of genetic distance, multiple sequence alignments, and phylogenetic analyses, no obvious differentiation within populations of T. matsu was found. In addition, the ‘Trichodina hyperparasitis’ (KX904933) in GenBank is a misidentification and appears to be conspecific with T. matsu according to the comparison of morphological and molecular data.  

scholarly journals The New Human Babesia sp. FR1 Is a European Member of the Babesia sp. MO1 Clade

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1433
Author(s):  
Claire Bonsergent ◽  
Marie-Charlotte de Carné ◽  
Nathalie de la Cotte ◽  
François Moussel ◽  
Véronique Perronne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roe Deer ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
Etiological Agent ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Apical Membrane Antigen 1 ◽  
Babesia Divergens

In Europe, Babesia divergens is responsible for most of the severe cases of human babesiosis. In the present study, we describe a case of babesiosis in a splenectomized patient in France and report a detailed molecular characterization of the etiological agent, named Babesia sp. FR1, as well as of closely related Babesia divergens, Babesia capreoli and Babesia sp. MO1-like parasites. The analysis of the conserved 18S rRNA gene was supplemented with the analysis of more discriminant markers involved in the red blood cell invasion process: rap-1a (rhoptry-associated-protein 1) and ama-1 (apical-membrane-antigen 1). The rap-1a and ama-1 phylogenetic analyses were congruent, placing Babesia sp. FR1, the new European etiological agent, in the American cluster of Babesia sp. MO1-like parasites. Based on two additional markers, our analysis confirms the clear separation of B. divergens and B. capreoli. Babesia sp. MO1-like parasites should also be considered as a separate species, with the rabbit as its natural host, differing from those of B. divergens (cattle) and B. capreoli (roe deer). The natural host of Babesia sp. FR1 remains to be discovered.

Aestuariisphingobium litorale Li et al. 2020 is a later heterotypic synonym of Chakrabartia godavariana Jani et al. 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Yuxin Gao
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Genomic Comparison ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Type Strains

Chakrabartia godavariana PRB40T was compared with Aestuariisphingobium litorale SYSU M10002T to examine the taxonomic relationship between the two type strains. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of C. godavariana PRB40T had high similarity (99.8 %) to that of A. litorale SYSU M10002T. The results of phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the two strains formed a tight cluster within the genus Chakrabartia . A draft genomic comparison between the two strains revealed an average nucleotide identity of 97.3 % and a digital DNA–DNA hybridization estimate of 79.5±2.9 %, strongly indicating that the two strains represented a single species. In addition, neither strain displayed any striking differences in metabolic, physiological or chemotaxonomic features. Therefore, we propose that Aestuariisphingobium litorale is a later heterotypic synonym of Chakrabartia godavariana .

scholarly journals Redescription and phylogenetic analyses of Thaparocleidus gomtius and T. sudhakari (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) from Wallago attu (Siluriformes: Siluridae) in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Verma ◽  
A. Chaudhary ◽  
H. S. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Wallago Attu ◽  
Geographical Regions

Summary Two species of Thaparocleidus Jain (1952a) were found harboring W. attu from the Ganga River at two localities, Meerut and Farrukhabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, during the period of 2013-2015. Morphology and morphometric study of specimens identified as Thaparocleidus gomtius (Jain, 1952a) Lim, 1996 and T. sudhakari (Gusev, 1976) Lim, 1996. Molecular analyses using the 18S rRNA gene confirmed the validity of T. gomtius and T. sudhakari and demonstrated that both the species clustered with other Thaparocleidus species from different geographical regions. We aim at reassessing the taxonomy and establishing the phylogenetic relationships among these two redescribed species with other representatives of the genus Thaparocleidus.

Mononchoides macrospiculum n. sp. (Nematoda: Neodiplogastridae) and Teratorhabditis synpapillata Sudhaus, 1985 (Nematoda: Rhabditidae): nematode associates of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Oliver) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Italy

Nematology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 953-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Troccoli ◽  
Monica Oreste ◽  
Eustachio Tarasco ◽  
Elena Fanelli ◽  
Francesca De Luca
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Level ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus ◽  
Red Palm Weevil ◽  
Palm Weevil ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase

Several juvenile and adult nematodes were isolated after dissection of pupae and adults of the red palm weevil,Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, recovered from an infestedPhoenix canariensisChabaud exemplar in Bari, Italy. Two species of nematodes were recovered,Teratorhabditis synpapillataandMononchoides macrospiculumn. sp. which is described herein. The mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI), the ITS-containing region, the 18S rRNA gene (SSU) and the D2-D3 expansion domains of the 28S rRNA gene (LSU) were amplified and sequenced. The new species,M. macrospiculumn. sp., is described at morphological and molecular level. Phylogenetic analyses using SSU and LSU sequences placedM. macrospiculumn. sp. together withM. composticolaandM. striatus. The sequences of the Italian population ofT. synpapillataare identical to those ofT. synpapillatafrom Japan. This is the first report on the association ofM. macrospiculumn. sp. andT. synpapillatawith the red palm weevil in Europe.

scholarly journals Morphology and phylogenetic position of Spongiochrysis hawaiiensis gen. et sp. nov., the first known terrestrial member of the order Cladophorales (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta)

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 913-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Rindi ◽  
Juan M. López-Bautista ◽  
Alison R. Sherwood ◽  
Michael D. Guiry
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Holotype Specimen ◽  
Green Algal ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Globular Cells

Spongiochrysis hawaiiensis gen. et sp. nov. is described from material collected at two sites on O'ahu, Hawaiian Islands. This alga produced golden-yellow crusts on the bark of Casuarina trees and consisted of globular cells with an axial stellate chloroplast. The only form of reproduction was a specialized type of autosporulation in which a budding-like division of the mother cell produced daughter cells of different sizes. Phylogenetic analyses of the 18S rRNA gene showed that Spongiochrysis hawaiiensis is a member of the freshwater clade of the Cladophorales/Siphonocladales lineage in the green algal class Ulvophyceae. On the basis of its unicellular habit and terrestrial habitat, this species is well differentiated from all other members of the same lineage and can be considered as the first known successful step of a member of the order Cladophorales into terrestrial habitats. The implications of the description of this species with regard to both green algal evolution and conservation of little-known tropical habitats are discussed. The holotype specimen of Spongiochrysis hawaiiensis is GALW015489 and isotype specimens have also been deposited in the BISH and BM herbaria.

scholarly journals Analyses of separate and concatenated cox1 and 18S rRNA gene sequences indicate that the bat piroplasm Babesia vesperuginis is phylogenetically close to Cytauxzoon felis and the ‘prototheilerid’ Babesia conradae

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor Hornok ◽  
Alexandra Corduneanu ◽  
Jenő Kontschán ◽  
Katinka Bekő ◽  
Krisztina Szőke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequence Comparisons ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Cytauxzoon Felis ◽  
Phylogenetic Status

Babesia vesperuginis is the only piroplasm known to infect bats. Unlike most members of the genus Babesia, it is probably transmitted by a soft tick species (i.e. Argas vespertilionis). Recently, two studies have been conducted to clarify the phylogenetic status of this species, and both agreed on placing it into a basal position among Babesia sensu stricto (s.s.). However, several important groups of piroplasms were not included in the already reported phylogenetic trees of B. vesperuginis isolates. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to amplify an approx. 950-bp fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene of B. vesperuginis from A. vespertilionis specimens, and to compare its sequences with those from other piroplasmid groups in a broader phylogenetic context. Sequence comparisons focusing on either 18S rRNA or cox1 genes, as well as phylogenetic analyses involving separate and concatenated 18S rRNA and cox1 sequences indicate that B. vesperuginis is more closely related to the phylogenetic group of Theileriidae than to Babesia s.s. In particular, B. vesperuginis clustered closest to Cytauxzoon felis and the ‘prototheilerid’ B. conradae. The results of this study highlight that B. vesperuginis is a unique and taxonomically important species, which should be included in future studies aimed at resolving the comprehensive phylogeny of Piroplasmida.

Multilocus phylogeny, species delimitation and biogeography of Iberian valvatiform springsnails (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae), with the description of a new genus

2019 ◽  
Vol 186 (4) ◽  
pp. 892-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Delicado ◽  
Beatriz Arconada ◽  
Amanda Aguado ◽  
Marian A Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
28S Rrna

Abstract Valvatiform gastropods of the family Hydrobiidae are frequently found in European spring-fed systems. Their simplified and sometimes convergent morphological structures and restricted geographical ranges make the description and identification of valvatiform species challenging. In the Iberian Peninsula, to date, 20 valvatiform species have been described morphologically. To test morphological species delimitations and to evaluate the role of physical geography on their evolutionary history, we analysed two mitochondrial (COI and 16S rRNA) and two nuclear (28S rRNA and 18S rRNA) gene fragments of 16 valvatiform species from the Iberian Peninsula. Molecular species delimitation methods consistently inferred 11 of the nominal species. Our phylogenetic analyses recovered the species Islamia azarum as an independent lineage, distantly related to other genera, which we place in the new genus Deganta. Furthermore, Iberian valvatiform hydrobiids do not form a monophyletic subunit, but they are included in two distinct clades of Hydrobiidae. Divergence times indicate that speciation in these clades is likely to have coincided with the formation of major Iberian mountain ranges and river basins. Similarities of geographical subdivision and divergent times between this assemblage and the non-valvatiform genus Corrosella provide strong evidence for the role of the Iberian geographical barriers in shaping the biogeography of these springsnails.

Nonomuraea nitratireducens Qu et al. 2020 is a later heterotypic synonym of Nonomuraea phyllanthi Klykleung et al. 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wu ◽  
Miaomiao Peng ◽  
Yuxin Gao ◽  
Jiahao Pei ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Striking Difference ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Genomic Comparison ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

Nonomuraea nitratireducens WYY166T was compared with Nonomuraea phyllanthi PA1-10T to examine the taxonomic relationship between the two type strains. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of N. nitratireducens WYY166T had high similarity (99.9 %) to that of N. phyllanthi PA1-10T. The results of phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the two strains formed a tight cluster within the genus Nonomuraea . Draft genomic comparison between the two strains revealed an average nucleotide identity of 99.3 % and a digital DNA–DNA hybridization estimate of 94.4±1.8 %, strongly indicating that the two strains represented a single species. In addition, neither strain displayed any striking difference in metabolic, physiological or chemotaxonomic features. Therefore, we propose Nonomuraea nitratireducens as a later heterotypic synonym of Nonomuraea phyllanthi .

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