scholarly journals Disentangling the diversity and taxonomy of Hymenophyllaceae (Hymenophyllales, Polypodiidae) in the Comoros

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahamada H. Saïd ◽  
Sabine Hennequin ◽  
Germinal Rouhan ◽  
Jean-Yves Dubuisson
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Corresponding States ◽  
Knowledge Database ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Region Data ◽  
Herbarium Collection

The inventory of biodiversity in the Comoros archipelago is still in progress. We propose here to contribute to this effort by assessing the diversity of the Hymenophyllaceae family, which forms one of the most diverse and emblematic fern communities in rainforests of the region. Data were extracted from floras, literature, recent collects and observations, and from an exhaustive investigation of the Paris herbarium collection. We also completed an online knowledge database including a computer-aided identification (CAI) tool by using the Xper platform. Our checklist recognizes 21 taxa involving 1 endemic and 7 species newly reported for the archipelago. The taxonomy and discrimination of each taxon is discussed and a dichotomous key is provided. We also defined 80 morphological characters and their corresponding states into the Xper database and CAI that could be easily enriched for neighbouring areas and additional taxa.

Reestablishment of Cabomba schwartzii (Cabombaceae), an aquatic plant species endemic to the Brazilian Amazon

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 367 (3) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIAGO D. M. BARBOSA ◽  
RAFAELA J. TRAD ◽  
MIKLOS M. BAJAY ◽  
MARIA I. ZUCCHI ◽  
MARIA DO CARMO E. DO AMARAL
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Genetic Study ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Description ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Herbarium Collections

Cabomba schwartzii was described by Rataj in 1977. The species discovered in the Brazilian Amazon was said to differ from other Cabomba species in having two sepals, two petals and a lobate petal base. According to the 1991 study of Ørgaard, C. schwartzii is similar to C. aquatica in other morphological characters (C. aquatica has flowers with three sepals and three petals) and since variation in number of floral parts is common in the genus, Ørgaard synonymized both species. After an analysis of C. schwartzii type material, other herbarium collections and location of four populations (two with C. schwartzii characteristics and two with C. aquatica characteristics), we conducted an integrated morphological and genetic study to evaluate whether or not C. schwartzii is a distinct species from C. aquatica. The results reveal the species to be distinct from each other and therefore C. schwartzii should be reestablished. The floral formula for C. schwartzii is K2 C2 A2+2 G1, versus K3 C3 A3+3 G2 for C. aquatica. A detailed species description and the geographical distribution of C. schwartzii are presented with a dichotomous key to distinguish both species, together with illustrations.

scholarly journals A taxonomic revision of the family Harrimaniidae (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta) with descriptions of seven species from the Eastern Pacific

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2408 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. DELAND ◽  
C. B. CAMERON ◽  
K. P. RAO ◽  
W. E. RITTER ◽  
T. H. BULLOCK
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Nomen Nudum ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status

The family Harrimaniidae (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta) is revised on the basis of morphological characters. The number of harrimaniid genera is increased to nine by the addition of Horstia n. gen., Mesoglossus n. gen., Ritteria n. gen. and Saxipendium, a genus previously assigned to the monospecific family Saxipendiidae. The number of species is increased to 34, resulting from the description of five new species from the eastern Pacific — Horstia kincaidi, Mesoglossus intermedius, M. macginitiei, Protoglossus mackiei and Ritteria ambigua. A description is supplied for a sixth harrimaniid species, Stereobalanus willeyi Ritter & Davis, 1904, which previously had the status of a nomen nudum. Four harrimaniids previously assigned to the genus Saccoglossus are transfered to the genus Mesoglossus — M. bournei, M. caraibicus, M. gurneyi and M. pygmaeus, while Saccoglossus borealis is reassigned to the genus Harrimania. Notes on habitat and zoogeography are included for the seven foregoing species and a table of diagnostic characters for existing and new species and a dichotomous key to the enteropneust families and harrimaniid genera are provided. Finally, a phylogenetic hypothesis concerning the Harrimaniidae is postulated, with discussion on the evolution of the group.

scholarly journals THE HALACARELLUS CAPUZINUS GROUP (HALACARIDAE: ACARI), DIAGNOSES, KEYS AND A DESCRIPTION OF HALACARELLUS FLORIDEARUM (LOHMANN)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 71-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilse Bartsch
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Species Groups

The genus Halacarellus, with its presently known 50 species, includes several species groups. The numerically most important one is the Halacarellus capuzinus group. The capuzinus group is diagnosed. Of each of the 10 species morphological characters are outlined, together with their geographical and ecological data. The number of setae on the leg segments proved to vary, variants are listed in a table. In addition to a tabular key, with the species' characters, a dichotomous key is given. The poorly known Halacarellus floridearum (Lohmann) is described.

Species circumscription of the Caltha leptosepala polyploid complex (Ranunculaceae) based on molecular and morphological data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 316 (3) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEIR M. WEFFERLING ◽  
SARA B. HOOT
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Title Page ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Polyploid Complex ◽  
Species Circumscription ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Field Identification ◽  
Geographic Data

The Caltha leptosepala species complex (Ranunculaceae) is taxonomically unresolved, with authors of various regional floras recognizing different names and numbers of species. Integrating molecular, morphological, cytological, and geographic data, we describe three species in the complex, restoring two species names, C. biflora and C. chionophila, in addition to recognizing C. leptosepala. Based on chloroplast and nuclear ribosomal phylogenies, we illustrate key morphological synapomorphies for the three Caltha species, assess the usefulness of previously used morphological characters, and provide a dichotomous key for their field identification. A neotype is designated for C. leptosepala var. howellii because the originals were lost or destroyed.

Anchialine adjustments: an updated phylogeny and classification for the family Barbouriidae Christoffersen, 1987 (Decapoda: Caridea)

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E Ditter ◽  
Luis M Mejía-Ortíz ◽  
Heather D Bracken-Grissom
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
The Bahamas ◽  
16S Gene ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
The Family

Abstract Barbouriidae Christoffersen, 1987 is a family comprised of 4 genera and 11 species of enigmatic shrimps restricted to anchialine or marine caves whose evolutionary history and relationships remain elusive. We investigated the evolutionary relationships among members of Barbouriidae with the inclusion of four genera and nine species, and newly collected material from Belize, the Bahamas, and the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. Phylogenetic analyses based on seven mitochondrial and nuclear gene regions and genetic distances calculated using partial 16S gene regions have identified a need to revisit the relationships and classification within Barbouriidae. More specifically, we find evidence to suggest Janicea Manning & Hart, 1984 as a junior synonym of Parhippolyte Borradaile, 1900, B. yanezi Mejía, Zarza & López, 2008 as a synonym of Barbouria cubensis (von Martens, 1872), and define two new subfamilies, Calliasmatinae Holthuis, 1973 and Barbouriinae Christoffersen, 1987. Included is a dichotomous key for the species of Barbouriidae that summarizes previous literature and includes new morphological characters. Our findings shed light on existing inaccuracies and gaps in molecular data from barbouriids. We also provide further clarity into evolutionary relationships among genera of Barbouriidae and their allies, suggesting phylogeographic divisions within the family. Our findings suggest an early Atlantic-Pacific divide among genera originating from a shallow-water reef ancestor.

A taxonomic revision of Oberonia (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Malaxideae) in Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 420 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-156
Author(s):  
KANOK-ON BUNPHA ◽  
KITICHATE SRIDITH ◽  
HENRIK Æ. PEDERSEN
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Historical Outline ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Occurrence Patterns

The methods and results of a taxonomic revision of Oberonia in Thailand are presented following a historical outline. The traditional methods and techniques of morphology-based botanical revision work were used, and the revision relied on examination of dried as well as liquid-preserved specimens from 13 herbaria, supplemented with observations of live plants made during 25 field trips to five of the seven floristic regions of Thailand. The taxonomic value of selected morphological characters is surveyed, as are ecological aspects, occurrence patterns in Thailand and the overall geographic affinities of the Oberonia species represented in the Thai flora. Fourty-two species are accepted, whereas the only report of O. latipetala from Thailand is considered dubious. Full taxonomic accounts are provided for the genus and species, including a dichotomous key to the species. Whereas all morphological descriptions have been prepared from Thai material only, the synonymies are intended to be complete; O. acaulis, O. dolichostachys, O. falcata, O. longirachis, O. nitida and O. rasmussenii are proposed as new taxonomic (heterotypic) synonyms. The accepted names O. denticulata, O. hosseusii and O. lotsyana are lectotypified, and solutions are provided for long-standing taxonomic/nomenclatural problems, especially in relation to the name O. iridifolia. All accepted species are illustrated by line drawings, and references are provided to additional good illustrations in the literature.

Revision of the genus Dinotoperla Tillyard, 1921 (Plecoptera: Gripopterygidae) using morphological characters and molecular data: Establishes two new genera, three new species and updates the larval taxonomy

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4224 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
JULIA H MYNOTT ◽  
PHILLIP J SUTER ◽  
GUNTHER THEISCHINGER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Larval Life ◽  
Dichotomous Key

The larval taxonomy of Australian stoneflies (Plecoptera) shows a large disparity in knowledge when compared to the adult taxonomy with many species having undescribed larval forms. The importance of stoneflies as an indicator group for monitoring aquatic ecosystems means knowledge of the larval taxonomy and the ability to identify species is essential. This study combined morphology and mitochondrial gene sequences to associate the adult and larval life-stages for species of Dinotoperla Tillyard. Morphological identification of adult males was recognised for 17 of the 35 Dinotoperla species and combining molecular data with morphology confirmed eight new adult-larval life stage associations. Further, molecular data supported the larval taxonomy for five morphospecies which remain unassociated. The combination of molecular and morphological methods enabled the larval morphology to be reassessed for the genus Dinotoperla and this has led to the establishment of two new genera, Odontoperla, gen. nov. and Oedemaperla, gen. nov., and the new species Dinotoperla aryballoi, sp. nov, D. tasmaniensis, sp. nov. and Oedemaperla shackletoni, sp. nov. as well as the new or updated descriptions of the larvae of 31 species and a comprehensive dichotomous key to these larvae. 

scholarly journals Helen’s twins in the Balkans: discovery of two new Paraptychoptera Tonnoir, 1919 species closely related to P. helena Peus, 1958, with systematic revision of the “lacustris” group (Diptera, Ptychopteridae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1071 ◽  
pp. 63-81
Author(s):  
Lujza Keresztes ◽  
Jürgen Kappert ◽  
Mária Henning ◽  
Edina Török
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The South ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Male Antenna ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Cladistic Analyses ◽  
Balkan Area

Ptychoptera castor Keresztes & Klappert, sp. nov. and P. pollux Keresztes & Török, sp. nov. both belong to the subgenus Ptychoptera (Paraptychoptera)Tonnoir (1919) and are described from boggy headwaters in the south Balkan area. These new species are closely related to the range-restricted P. helena Peus, 1958, which is known only from Oiti village, Mount Oeta, Phthioitis region, Greece and, together with P. lacustris, forms a morphologically well-defined unit in the subgenus Paraptychoptera. Based on cladistic analyses of 53 different morphological characters using the male antenna, wing, and genital structures, a general revision of the “lacustris” group is proposed with a dichotomous key of Paraptychoptera species.

A revised dichotomous key for the mangrove crab genus Scylla De Haan, 1833 (Brachyura, Portunidae)

Crustaceana ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 847-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chona C. Vincecruz-Abeledo ◽  
Ma. Carmen A. Lagman
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Geometric Patterns ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Mangrove Crab ◽  
Mangrove Crabs ◽  
Morphological Species

Abstract Species identification in mangrove crabs of the genus Scylla De Haan, 1833 is problematic, due to the high intraspecific variation and the continuity of diagnostic features. To determine the hierarchy of characters that are most useful in differentiating Scylla species from the Philippines, 1,185 mangrove crabs were collected from seven sites across the Philippines. Morphological species identification was contrasted with morphometric and molecular techniques. The hierarchy of characters in the existing dichotomous key resulted in the misidentification of 245 samples. Errors stem from asymmetry in the features of the chelipeds and the continuity in the features of the frontal lobe spines. Considering mainly morphological characters, the most reliable traits were the geometric patterns in the swimming and walking legs. Nonetheless, 27 individuals with morphological ambiguities exhibited unique patterns in digested nuclear ITS-1 fragments, unreported in any known species of Scylla. A revised hierarchy of characters resulted in a 97.8% match with molecular species identification.

Mitochondrial DNA allows the association of life stages to facilitate species recognition and delimitation in Australian stoneflies (Plecoptera : Gripopterygidae : Newmanoperla)

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia H. Mynott
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Species Recognition ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Larval Life ◽  
Intraspecific Divergence ◽  
Dichotomous Key

The larvae of stoneflies (Plecoptera) are important indicators for monitoring aquatic ecosystems, but the immature stages of some relevant species have not been described. Here, mitochondrial gene sequences are used to associate the adult and larval life stages for species of Newmanoperla McLellan. This study finds molecular and morphological support for five species, which include the four previously described species (N. exigua, N. hackeri, N. prona and N. thoreyi) and a newly recognised species, N. theischingeri, sp. nov., which is described herein. Molecular divergences between species for the COI fragment had minimum values of 15–18% while the maximum intraspecific divergence was 6–9%, and there was no overlap between species. Morphological characters for distinguishing the larvae of the five species were observed on the femora and included variations in the type of setation present and the area of occurrence. The combination of molecular and morphological methods enabled the larval morphology to be reassessed and has led to the following outcomes: the first formal generic larval description, a newly recognised species, updated descriptions for larvae of all species of Newmanoperla and a dichotomous key to larvae.

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