»Es ist so, weil ich es so mache.« Fichtes Methode der Konstruktion

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 389-412
Author(s):  
Jelscha Schmid ◽  

In this paper I develop an account of Fichte’s conception of philosophical construction. Following the latter’s definition of philosophy as the ‘science of science’, philosophy is to be understood as a normative theory of what should qualify as science. In order to ground scientific knowledge-production as such, philosophy itself has to acquire a scientific method, through the application of which the constitution of scientific knowledge is secured. In systematic continuity to Kant’s account of geometrical construction, Fichte develops a philosophical method that exploits the special epistemic conditions of performativity. Construction is then defined as an experimental, self-reflexive performance that exemplifies consciousness. Throughout its acts of exemplification this reflexive kind of self-observation yields a particular type of experience, which ultimately satisfies the Science of Knowledge’s demand for certainty, that is intellectual intuition.Der vorliegende Aufsatz zeichnet Fichtes Verständnis der philosophischen Methode der Konstruktion nach. Folgend aus seiner Bestimmung der Philosophie als ‘Wissenschaft der Wissenschaft’ ergibt sich als deren Gegenstand das Wesen des Wissens selbst; Wissenschaftslehre als normative Wissenschaftstheorie bestimmt, was als wissenschaftlicher Bezug auf Welt gelten darf und stellt diesen zugleich sicher. Philosophie als Wissenschaft thematisiert also gerade die Natur jenes ausgezeichneten epistemischen Bezugs. Seine Sicherstellung erfolgt über eine Ausweisung der Wissenschaftlichkeit des philosophischen Verfahrens selbst, der Konstruktion. In systematischer Kontinuität zu Kants Beschreibung der geometrischen Konstruktion entwickelt Fichte eine philosophische Methode, welche sich die speziellen epistemischen Bedingungen des Selbst-Handelns zunutze macht. Konstruktion wird schließlich als experimenteller, selbstreflexiver Vollzug der Exemplifikation von Bewusstsein bestimmt. Dieses reflektierende Selbstbeobachten im Akt der Exemplifikation wiederum führt zu einer spezifischen Form von Erfahrung, welche ihrerseits der Wissenschaftslehre die geforderte Gewissheit verleiht: der intellektuellen Anschauung.

2004 ◽  
pp. 136-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Boden ◽  
Deborah Cox ◽  
Maria Nedeva ◽  
Katharine Barker

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. e0219359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thainá Lessa ◽  
Janisson W. dos Santos ◽  
Ricardo A. Correia ◽  
Richard J. Ladle ◽  
Ana C. M. Malhado

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Iqbal Akbar ◽  
◽  
Dhandy Arisaktiwardhana ◽  
Prima Naomi ◽  

The aim to achieve the target of a 23% share of sustainable energies in the total Indonesia’s primary energy supply requires enormous amounts of works. Indonesia’s scientific knowledge production can support a successful transition to renewables. However, policy makers struggle to determine how the transition benefits from the scientific production on renewable. A bibliometric study using scientific publication data from the Web of Science (WoS) is used to probe how Indonesian scientific knowledge production can support the policy design for transition to sustainable energy. The seven focused disciplines are geothermal, solar, wind, hydro, bio, hybrid, and energy policy and economics. Based on the data from the above-listed disciplines, a deeper analysis is conducted, and implications to the policy design are constructed. The study reveals that bio energy is the focus of the research topics produced in Indonesia, followed by solar and hydro energy. Most RE research is related to the applied sciences. The innovation capability in the form of technology modifiers and technology adapters supports the transition to sustainable energy in Indonesia. The research on bio energy, however, is characterized by higher basic knowledge than research on solar and hydro energy. This suggests low barriers to the access to the resources and to the completion of bio research in Indonesia. Designing Indonesian energy policy by comprising discriminatively specific sustainable energy sources in the main policy instruments can therefore accelerate the sustainable transition and development.


2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-51
Author(s):  
Anne Dippel

Understanding inanimate ‘nature-as-such’ is traditionally considered the object of physics in Europe. The discipline acts as exemplary discursive practice of scientific knowledge production. However, as my ethnographic investigation of doing and communicating high energy physics demonstrates, animist conceptions seep into the ontological understanding of physics’ ‘objects’, resonating with contemporary concepts of new materialism, new animism and feminist science and technology studies, signifying an atmospheric shift in the understanding of ‘nature’. Drawing on my fieldwork at CERN, I argue that scientists take an opportunist stance to animate concepts of ‘nature’, depending on whom they’re talking to. I am showing how the inanimate in physics is reanimated especially in scientific outreach activities and how the universalist scientific cosmology overlaps with indigenous cosmologies, as for example the Lakota ones.


Author(s):  
Helena Karasti ◽  
Andrea Botero ◽  
Joanna Saad-Sulonen ◽  
Karen S. Baker

STS scholars are engaging in collaborative research in order to study extended socio-technical phenomena. This article participates in discussions on methodography and inventive methods by reflecting on visualizations used both internally by a team of researchers and together with study participants. We describe how these devices for generating and transforming data were brought to our ethnographic inquiry into the formation of research infrastructures which we found to be unwieldy and evolving phenomena. The visualizations are partial renderings of the object of inquiry, crafted and informed by ‘configuration’ as a method of assemblage that supports ethnographic study of contemporary socio-technical phenomena. We scrutinize our interdisciplinary bringing together of visualizing devices - timelines, collages, and sketches - and position them in the STS methods toolbox for inquiry and invention. These devices are key to investigating and engaging with the dynamics of configuring infrastructures intended to support scientific knowledge production. We conclude by observing how our three kinds of visualizing devices provide flexibility, comprehension and in(ter)ventive opportunities for study of and engagement with complex phenomena in-the-making.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. vi-x
Author(s):  
Geni Chaves Fernandes

Studies are pointing to changes in scientific knowledge production systems regarding different models (mode2, triple helix, actor-network, post-academic etc.), emphasizing its interdisciplinary, multiplayer and multiplace characteristics. When seeking an explanation of reality, models create interpretive images that interfere in the reality, as they operate offering parameters to actions. The differences and implicit forecasts they present point not only to local, cultural or ideological burdens in its construction, but especially that the different intervening forces have not yet found stability, indicating that we are still going through a time of transition.


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