Global Justice and International Business

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis G. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
International Business ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Political Csr ◽  
Satisfactory Account ◽  
Business Enterprises ◽  
Governance Institutions

ABSTRACT:Little theoretical attention has been paid to the question of what obligations corporations and other business enterprises have to the four billion people living at the base of the global economic pyramid. This article makes several theoretical contributions to this topic. First, it is argued that corporations are properly understood as agents of global justice. Second, the legitimacy of global governance institutions and the legitimacy of corporations and other business enterprises are distinguished. Third, it is argued that a deliberative democracy model of corporate legitimacy defended by theorists of political CSR is unsatisfactory. Fourth, it is argued that a Rawlsian theoretical framework fails to provide a satisfactory account of the obligations of corporations regarding global justice. Finally, an ethical conception of CSR grounded in an appropriately modest set of duties tied to corporate relationships is then defended. This position is cosmopolitan in scope and grounded in overlapping arguments for human rights.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Tallberg ◽  
Karin Bäckstrand ◽  
Jan Aart Scholte
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Core ◽  
Governance Institutions

Legitimacy is central for the capacity of global governance institutions to address problems such as climate change, trade protectionism, and human rights abuses. However, despite legitimacy’s importance for global governance, its workings remain poorly understood. That is the core concern of this volume, which engages with the overarching question: whether, why, how, and with what consequences global governance institutions gain, sustain, and lose legitimacy. This introductory chapter explains the rationale of the book, introduces its conceptual framework, reviews existing literature, and presents the key themes of the volume. It emphasizes in particular the volume’s sociological approach to legitimacy in global governance, its comparative scope, and its comprehensive treatment of the topic. Moreover, a specific effort is made to explain how each chapter moves beyond existing research in exploring the book’s three themes: (1) sources of legitimacy, (2) processes of legitimation and delegitimation, and (3) consequences of legitimacy.

Global Governance in a World of Change

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
World War ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Modes Of Governance

Global governance has come under increasing pressure since the end of the Cold War. In some issue areas, these pressures have led to significant changes in the architecture of governance institutions. In others, institutions have resisted pressures for change. This volume explores what accounts for this divergence in architecture by identifying three modes of governance: hierarchies, networks, and markets. The authors apply these ideal types to different issue areas in order to assess how global governance has changed and why. In most issue areas, hierarchical modes of governance, established after World War II, have given way to alternative forms of organization focused on market or network-based architectures. Each chapter explores whether these changes are likely to lead to more or less effective global governance across a wide range of issue areas. This provides a novel and coherent theoretical framework for analysing change in global governance.

The Legitimacy of Global Governance Institutions

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen Buchanan ◽  
Robert O. Keohane
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Middle Ground ◽  
State Consent ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
The One

We articulate a global public standard for the normative legitimacy of global governance institutions. This standard can provide the basis for principled criticism of global governance institutions and guide reform efforts in circumstances in which people disagree deeply about the demands of global justice and the role that global governance institutions should play in meeting them. We stake out a middle ground between an increasingly discredited conception of legitimacy that conflates legitimacy with international legality understood as state consent, on the one hand, and the unrealistic view that legitimacy for these institutions requires the same democratic standards that are now applied to states, on the other.

Human Rights in Iran: The Ethnography of ‘Others’ and Global Political Theory

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christien Van Den Anker
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
Diaspora Literature ◽  
Direct Relevance ◽  
Specific Country

Knowledge about the ‘other’ is one of the founding pillars for the development of global political theory. Although human rights are an important part of the moral and legal discourse on global governance, there is still a gap between these theories and detailed accounts of human rights violations and the context for resistance. This article examines the treatment of the ‘other’ in a specific country (Iran), and the oppression as Muslims of Iranians living abroad, in order to begin to fill this gap. More specifically, it is argued that anthropology, journalism and diaspora literature about Iran provide useful input for the field of global political theory on human rights, democratisation and global justice. This literature helps bring home the realities of human rights violations, contributes to a better understanding of injustice and ways of creating social change, and illuminates issues of universality and difference that are of direct relevance to global political theory.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Mason Meier ◽  
Lawrence O. Gostin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Institutional Dynamics ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
Public Health Challenges ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Governance Institutions

This introductory chapter outlines the global governance institutions that structure the realization of human rights for global health. With this volume examining the relationship between human rights, global governance, and public health, a proliferating set of global governance institutions have developed policies, programs, and practices to operationalize human rights to address public health challenges in a globalizing world. As an institutional analysis that focuses on organizations, the organizations in this volume include those international bureaucracies that bear implementation responsibilities for health-related human rights. Examining institutional dynamics to implement human rights, the contributing authors analyze institutional factors that facilitate or inhibit human rights mainstreaming. This introduction concludes by recognizing the importance of comparative analysis in understanding institutional approaches to human rights in global health, outlining the research methods for studying human rights mainstreaming in global governance institutions and framing a new field of study on rights-based governance for global health advancement.

Information and AccountabilityRegulating the Corporate Social Responsibility to Respect Human Rights through Ranking and Reporting

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-200
Author(s):  
Erika George
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Informed Choice ◽  
Business And Human Rights ◽  
New Business ◽  
Voluntary Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Human Rights Advocacy ◽  
Business Enterprises

This chapter argues that regulation can occur through rankings and reporting by providing information about risks to rights allowing concerned citizens to exercise informed choice. This chapter examines the emergence and evolution of selected ranking and reporting frameworks in the expanding realm of business and human rights advocacy. Specifically, it examines how indicators in the form of rankings and reports evaluating the conduct of transnational corporate actors can serve as regulatory tools with potential to bridge a global governance gap that places human rights at risk. It explains the conditions that have led to coordination and collaboration among those entities engaged in creating reporting frameworks and rankings while nevertheless relying upon the competitive impulses of the business enterprises being ranked to assert influence. It also identifies why the businesses being ranked have been slow to deploy effective counterstrategies despite efforts to contest emerging reporting requirements. It considers the interaction of selected business and human rights indicators with recent laws regulating supply chain transparency in the United States and with recent global policy initiatives calling for business enterprises to conduct human rights impact assessments. It reviews some of the methodological and moral risks raised with respect to ranking rights. In conclusion, the chapter argues that in the ecology of global governance, these new business and human rights indicators will provide rights advocates with greater power and have the potential to play an important role in solidifying emerging soft law standards and in strengthening corporate self-regulation. The strategic use of indicators in the business and human rights realm could ultimately prove to make the commitments contained in voluntary codes of conduct to respect human rights obligatory.

Framing Human Rights in Global Health Governance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Mason Meier ◽  
Lawrence O. Gostin
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Global Health ◽  
International Law ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Global Health Governance ◽  
Health Law ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Health Governance ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Governance Institutions

This chapter frames the implementation of human rights law through global health governance. Global governance institutions have sought to translate human rights into public policy, shifting from the development of health-related rights under international law to the implementation of these normative standards in global policies, programs, and practices. This shift toward an “era of implementation” across an expanding global health governance landscape looks beyond the traditional “human rights system” in implementing human rights for global health. Analyzing human rights as part of global health law, this chapter examines how human rights have become a framework for global governance, with institutions of global health governance seeking to “mainstream” human rights across all organizational actions. This chapter concludes that there is a need for institutional analysis to compare organizational approaches conducive to the implementation of health-related human rights.

Democracy, Legitimacy, and the Standing of the Corporation in Corporate Global Governance

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Rob Barlow ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Political Csr ◽  
Multi Stakeholder

Political CSR scholars have sought to apply the concept of deliberative democracy to the practice of global corporate engagement with stakeholders. Recently, much of this work has focused on the conditions under which the decisions made within multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSI’s) should be considered democratically legitimate while relatively less attention has been paid to the practical benefits that such engagements can bring for their effectiveness when properly structured. The arguments in this essay support a shift in focus away from the former and towards the latter.

An Introduction to Political Philosophy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
Conversational Style ◽  
The Subject

An Introduction to Political Philosophy provides and introduction to the subject, combining clarity and a conversational style with a thought-provoking account of the central questions of the discipline. The text explores the subject through a series of enduring and timeless questions, jumping centuries and millennia to explore the most influential answers and demonstrate the relevance of political philosophy for an understanding of contemporary issues. This new edition has been updated to include the on-going developments in multiculturalism and global justice, as well as in human rights and deliberative democracy.

Integrating a Human Rights-Based Approach to Development and the Right to Development into Global Governance for Health

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Right To Development ◽  
Funding Programs ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
The Right ◽  
Human Rights Based Approach

This chapter applies two approaches to global economic governance of relevance to global health funding agencies. The first is the human rights-based approach to development, with its theoretical grounding in social justice and capabilities and with its practical applications in agencies engaged in development assistance and financing of health interventions, with particular relevance to the 2030 Development Agenda. The second approach is that of the right to development, as clarified in terms of policy, process, and outcomes, and as applied to the three funding programs that direct resources to global health issues. The chapter concludes that the mainstreaming of the human rights-based approach to development has been integrated into practice—albeit on a modest scale—more than the right to development, due primarily to a lack of incentives, notwithstanding the potential of both approaches to inflect global governance institutions in ways that advance human rights for global health.

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