Augustine, Aquinas, and the Absolute Norm Against Lying

2012 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Tollefsen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Norm ◽  
The Absolute

scholarly journals Kierkegaard og Grundtvig

1973 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-217
Author(s):  
Hellmut Toftdahl
Keyword(s):  
Preceding Paper ◽  
Christian Life ◽  
Absolute Norm ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Nazi Ideology ◽  
Historical Basis ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Self Examination ◽  
Present Life

Grundtvig and KierkegaardGötz Harbsmeier: Wer ist der Mensch? - Kontroverse um Kierkegaard und Grundtvig. Vol. III. Reviewed by Hellmut Toftdahl.This book, (which the author himself refers to in his preceding paper on Grundtvig and Germany) has been reviewed partly as an introduction to Grundtvig, partly as a contribution to the debate on Grundtvig and Kierkegaard, since the last chapter is devoted to the theme promised by the title of this series. The two preceding volumes in this series were reviewed in Grundtvig-Studier 1971.The book is the outcome of a lifelong preoccupation with Grundtvig’s life and work and all that the idea of Grundtvig and Grundtvigianism stands for. It contains excellent translations into German of central Grundtvig texts, with notes that testify to true German thoroughness and which are plainly inspired by Kaj Thaning’s interpretation of Grundtvig. Grundtvig the anthropologist stands out more clearly than the theologian, which, according to the reviewer, will no doubt be of greatest interest to the Germans. The aim of the book is to present to the Germans an alternative to German nationalism - an alternative that does not repudiate patriotism, the language and the nation, but avoids the tenets of the neo-Nazi ideology. The fact is stressed that Grundtvig’s ideas on nationalism must be seen in relation to his time. Here Harbsmeier answers Johannes Tiedje who, in 1927, cited Grundtvig in support of ideas which could be regarded as precursors of Nazism. This chapter could stimulate Germans to study Grundtvig’s ideas on nationalism in greater detail.As part of the “Auseinandersetzung” with Kierkegaard which the series presents, the reviewer feels, however, that this volume is not able to remedy what started to go wrong in volume II. Harbsmeier confronts K. E. Løgstrup’s picture of Kierkegaard with Thaning’s picture of Grundtvig, which must of course be to Grundtvig’s advantage, but he quite rightly points out that Grundtvig did not know much about the works of Kierkegaard.An impartial assessment of the two thinkers is lacking then. In view of the fact that Kierkegaard rejects the idea of there being a historical basis for determining what is true Christianity, the reviewer finds it surprising that Kierkegaard can be bracketed with orthodox and pietistic Christians, who consider the Bible the absolute norm for the Christian life. He also disagrees with Harbsmeier’s interpretation of Kierkegaard’s conception of »inderlighed« (intensity) and of »samtidighed« (contemporaneity), maintaining that the contemporaneity which Kierkegaard demands of the believer is a confrontation, aiming at self-examination, with the existence expressed through the Christ figure of the Gospels.As Kierkegaard knows that this existence can be variously interpreted, but will always provide a model for imitation, and that it cannot be imitated in the concrete life, the two thinkers are, according to the reviewer, much closer to each other than Grundtvig realized - or than this series shows. There is in Kierkegaard’s works an ambiguity which appears in his ironic style, and which in fact makes Kierkegaard find redemption in the concrete present life, the redemption which he calls »Gjentagelsen« (repetition). The only writer in the series who has appreciated this is Hinrich Buss in volume 1. It is a pity - Grundtvig will command attention without that sort of advertisement.

Bulk standards for low-temperature biological x-ray microanalysis

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
P. Echlin ◽  
M. McKoon ◽  
E.S. Taylor ◽  
C.E. Thomas ◽  
K.L. Maloney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Absolute Concentration ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Analytical Procedures ◽  
Electrical Conductors

Although sections of frozen salt solutions have been used as standards for x-ray microanalysis, such solutions are less useful when analysed in the bulk form. They are poor thermal and electrical conductors and severe phase separation occurs during the cooling process. Following a suggestion by Whitecross et al we have made up a series of salt solutions containing a small amount of graphite to improve the sample conductivity. In addition, we have incorporated a polymer to ensure the formation of microcrystalline ice and a consequent homogenity of salt dispersion within the frozen matrix. The mixtures have been used to standardize the analytical procedures applied to frozen hydrated bulk specimens based on the peak/background analytical method and to measure the absolute concentration of elements in developing roots.

A Quantitative Ultrastructural Study of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Containing Parallel Tubular Arrays in Epstein-Barr Virus and Cytomegalo-Virus Mononucleosis

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
C. M. Payne ◽  
P. M. Tennican
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Absolute Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Tubular Arrays

In the normal peripheral circulation there exists a sub-population of lymphocytes which is ultrastructurally distinct. This lymphocyte is identified under the electron microscope by the presence of cytoplasmic microtubular-like inclusions called parallel tubular arrays (PTA) (Figure 1), and contains Fc-receptors for cytophilic antibody. In this study, lymphocytes containing PTA (PTA-lymphocytes) were quantitated from serial peripheral blood specimens obtained from two patients with Epstein -Barr Virus mononucleosis and two patients with cytomegalovirus mononucleosis. This data was then correlated with the clinical state of the patient.It was determined that both the percentage and absolute number of PTA- lymphocytes was highest during the acute phase of the illness. In follow-up specimens, three of the four patients' absolute lymphocyte count fell to within normal limits before the absolute PTA-lymphocyte count.In one patient who was followed for almost a year, the absolute PTA- lymphocyte count was consistently elevated (Figure 2). The estimation of absolute PTA-lymphocyte counts was determined to be valid after a morphometric analysis of the cellular areas occupied by PTA during the acute and convalescent phases of the disease revealed no statistical differences.

Polarity Determination in Sphalerite and Wurtzite Structures

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 500-501
Author(s):  
Stuart McKernan ◽  
C. Barry Carter
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Polarity ◽  
Single Domain ◽  
Polar Material ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Dynamical Interaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polarity Determination ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

The determination of the absolute polarity of a polar material is often crucial to the understanding of the defects which occur in such materials. Several methods exist by which this determination may be performed. In bulk, single-domain specimens, macroscopic techniques may be used, such as the different etching behavior, using the appropriate etchant, of surfaces with opposite polarity. X-ray measurements under conditions where Friedel’s law (which means that the intensity of reflections from planes of opposite polarity are indistinguishable) breaks down can also be used to determine the absolute polarity of bulk, single-domain specimens. On the microscopic scale, and particularly where antiphase boundaries (APBs), which separate regions of opposite polarity exist, electron microscopic techniques must be employed. Two techniques are commonly practised; the first [1], involves the dynamical interaction of hoLz lines which interfere constructively or destructively with the zero order reflection, depending on the crystal polarity. The crystal polarity can therefore be directly deduced from the relative intensity of these interactions.

516: A Simplified Method to Estimate the Absolute Renal Uptake of 99MTC-DMSA: Evaluation with a New Model using the Radioactivity of Nephrectomy Specimens as Reference

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 140-141
Author(s):  
Mariana Lima ◽  
Celso D. Ramos ◽  
Sérgio Q. Brunetto ◽  
Marcelo Lopes de Lima ◽  
Carla R.M. Sansana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Model ◽  
Renal Uptake ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
The Absolute

Translocation Relative to Range

Methodology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Höfler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Difference ◽  
Binary Outcomes ◽  
Number Needed To Treat ◽  
Likert Scales ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Variance Parameters ◽  
Standardized Index ◽  
Maximum Possible Magnitude

A standardized index for effect intensity, the translocation relative to range (TRR), is discussed. TRR is defined as the difference between the expectations of an outcome under two conditions (the absolute increment) divided by the maximum possible amount for that difference. TRR measures the shift caused by a factor relative to the maximum possible magnitude of that shift. For binary outcomes, TRR simply equals the risk difference, also known as the inverse number needed to treat. TRR ranges from –1 to 1 but is – unlike a correlation coefficient – a measure for effect intensity, because it does not rely on variance parameters in a certain population as do effect size measures (e.g., correlations, Cohen’s d). However, the use of TRR is restricted on outcomes with fixed and meaningful endpoints given, for instance, for meaningful psychological questionnaires or Likert scales. The use of TRR vs. Cohen’s d is illustrated with three examples from Psychological Science 2006 (issues 5 through 8). It is argued that, whenever TRR applies, it should complement Cohen’s d to avoid the problems related to the latter. In any case, the absolute increment should complement d.

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