scholarly journals Možnosti využití teorie OPTIMAL ve školní tělesné výchově a výuce sportovních her

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171
Author(s):  
Radka Peřinová
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Motor Learning ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
The Body ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
Teaching Process ◽  
Teaching Games For Understanding ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Optimal Theory ◽  
Main Ideas

The objectives of the prepared article are to give the readers a brief account of the main ideas and foundations stones of a relatively new theory of motor learning, OPTIMAL, formulated by Gabriele Wulf and Rebecca Lewthwait, and also to point out the possibility of its application in school physical education lessons, particularly in teaching sports games. The authors critically assess “traditional” teaching of new locomotor skills stressing the frequent neglect of the internal motivation of pupils and support for their autonomy. According to them, in traditional teaching practice, internal focus of attention is imposed on the pupils, i.e. concentration on the movements of the body or its parts. They claim that the result of such an approach is learning that is not sufficiently effective. On the contrary, they recommend that the teachers should consciously raise the pupils’ expectations, support the need for autonomy by their more active involvement in the teaching process and focus their attention externally, towards the goals of the task. It seems that the practical application of the OPTIMAL theory in school physical education lessons is feasible. It is, above, all the support for autonomy that follows the current trends. However, we expect high demands set on the organization of the teaching process and on the teachers themselves. Future testing in the school practice is necessary. The TGFU (Teaching Games for Understanding) didactic paradigm has been successfully used in teaching sports games for a number of years. Due to the similarity of some principles of the OPTIMAL theory and this paradigm, it is apparent that the new theory of motor learning could be successful, too, particularly in teaching the fundamentals of game skills in sports games. This assumption, however, should also become a subject of testing in the future.

scholarly journals Experiences from a New Project-Driven and Outcome- Based Educational Concept in a Blasting Engineering Study Program

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (08) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Yin ◽  
Zenghui Liu ◽  
Zhixiong Zhang ◽  
Jucai Chang ◽  
Xuelong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Teaching Process ◽  
Teaching Goals ◽  
Educational Concept ◽  
Practice Teaching

Blasting engineering is a very comprehensive and practical curriculum. However, the traditional method of teaching this curriculum is relatively simple and emphasizes theory teaching over practice teaching, the introduction of classical methods over the expansion of new methods, and the training of individual abilities over the cultivation of team spirit. To address these problems, a new project-driven teaching method based on the concept of outcomes-based education (OBE) certified by the engineering education specialty was explored in this study. The teaching goals were determined based on the index points of the graduation requirements for mining engineering majors. The teaching process was divided into four stages, namely, project investigation and analysis, project parameter design, project report evaluation, and project display and feedback. The special subject on the deep-hole bench blasting scheme of an open-pit mine was taken as an example to explore the related work that needs to be completed by students in different phases and the related abilities and qualities that need cultivation. Lastly, the limitations in the ability training of students in the teaching process were continuously improved through an evaluation and feedback of teaching quality. Results of a four-year teaching practice show that the OBE-based project-driven teaching method not only effectively overcomes the drawbacks of the traditional teaching method but also effectively improves the comprehensive abilities and qualities of students.

scholarly journals Motivation for academic work of student – future physical education teachers

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 200-209
Author(s):  
Orce Mitevski ◽  
Biljana Mitevska Popeska ◽  
Katerina Mitevska Petrusheva
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Academic Work ◽  
University Education ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Teaching Process ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Personal Approach ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Of Motivation

Personal approach toward learning process and interest for learning during university education are underlined as one of the key factors for success during university studies. The aim of this paper is to determine the motivation of students – future physical education teachers for academic work. The study was conducted on a sample of 69 participants, students in the first year at Faculty of physical education, sport and health at University in Skopje, North Macedonia. Questioner comprised from 11 items, designed as 4 – point Likert scale was applied. Three groups of indicators for academic work were determined: active involvement in teaching process; inner self – discipline for learning; strive to supplement and extend personal knowledge. Study results suggest on positive attitude toward academic work and respectively high level of motivation, different approaches in achieving results in academic work. Achieving long – lasting knowledge is underlined as priority in academic work of students included in this study. Obtained results are valuable for university professors indicating the key points that should be consider in order to achieve highly motivated students and maximal learning result. Keywords:  motivation, university students, learning, teaching process;

scholarly journals Technology of individual healthcare for students by athletic gym

2020 ◽  
pp. 151-154
Author(s):  
A. Sobolenko ◽  
Yu. Martynov ◽  
N. Koryukaev
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Active Involvement

The study highlights the health impact of athletic gymnastics on improving health. The state of general physical fitness of the students engaged in athletic gymnastics is analyzed. According to numerous studies, a broad contingent of student youth indicate a low level of development of their physical qualities, including strength training. It is established that training in athletic gymnastics contribute to the manifestation of maximum force of man, develops active muscle mass, increases efficiency, strengthens health, improves the state of physical development. Physical education of student youth is a long-term pedagogical process using a set of physical training tools in physical education classes. At present, the effectiveness of pedagogical influence on the development of physical abilities of students in the conditions of physical training in the traditional way of their content is being questioned, the necessity of widespread use of non-traditional means of physical education, active involvement of students in section physical education training, complex improvement of physical education is pointed out. based on the interests and individual characteristics of students. By selecting the appropriate method of implementation athletic, you can achieve this effect, when in some cases, increased muscle mass, while others - is reduced, it becomes more relief. This is due to the fact that class athletic gymnastics affect the biochemical changes in muscle, reduce fat and increase the protein component component. From that muscles become more flexible and more efficient. Body shape is improved, become beautiful shape. Ultimately, all this leads to optimization of the physical condition of the person. It improves health, increases the creative activity of the various systems of the body carried on the best level of quality rivlenonapravleno affect not only the development of power, but all other key physical qualities of man, which naturally improves the physical development and physical fitness man.

scholarly journals Structural Discrimination in Physical Education. The “Encounter” Between the (White) Norwegian Teaching Content in Physical Education Lessons and Female Students of Color's Movements and Expressions

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Aasland ◽  
Gunn Engelsrud
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Students Of Color ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pedagogical Practices ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Teaching Content ◽  
Empirical Material

Background: Throughout society, including in the field of sports and physical education (PE), there are extensive debates on racism and structural racism. Researchers have found that students of color experience racial stereotyping and discrimination in PE. Studies also show that PE teaching practices reflect a masculine culture, emphasizing traditional (Western) competitive male sports and physical fitness practices, while marginalizing female students of color. Simultaneously these students also negotiate, resist, and operate as visible agents within these practices. While previous research has tended toward focusing on the experiences (of discrimination) from the perspective of students of color, numerous scholars today argue for a shift in research focus from the inadequacies of the racialized “others” toward how (white) everyday pedagogical practices privilege some people, and conversely, marginalize and discriminate against students of color. We believe, however, that it is crucial to examine and direct attention toward the students who “encounter” discriminatory practices in PE.The Purpose of the Paper is Twofold: (i) To investigate what kind of movements, knowledge/skills and bodies are valued and privileged, or ignored/discriminated in teaching practices in PE. (ii) To depict the “encounter” between the teaching content in physical education lessons and the female students of color's movements and expressions.Research Design and Production of Empirical Material: Our sample consisted of institutionalized pedagogical practices enacted by four white PE teachers in an upper secondary school located in eastern Oslo, Norway. The empirical material consisted of observations and informal conversations extracted from 42 teaching lessons. Students from a great diversity of backgrounds participated in the lessons during our study. We chose a critical whiteness perspective and critical feminist theory as analytical lenses for the analyses.Findings: Strenuous exercise as a means of becoming physically fit and “healthy” was central during the PE lessons under observation. The teacher's instructions draw on healthism discourses influenced by knowledge from exercise physiology and biomechanics, which produce a normative ideal for the body and movements in PE teaching practice. The movements and expressions of female students of color did not meet the expected norm of intensity, activity and exercises from the health and sport discourses. However, we identified female students of color as competent movers when performing “their own” movements, with which they had more of a cultural connection. These students also expressed vitality, joy and social interaction. Thus, they created new movements and expressions that contrasted with the norm of working out with a high intensity level in PE lessons.Conclusion: Hegemonic “truths” about the body, physical exercise and health make teachers “blind” to the ways that institutionalized pedagogical practices in PE privilege majority ethnic white (male) students. Refusing to adhere to the institutionalized movement/exercise practices enacted by the teachers, the female students of color are competent dancers and express liveliness, spontaneity, and joy. In the future, incorporating these types of expressions to teaching practices can add value to PE.

МЕКТЕП ЖАШЫНА ЧЕЙИНКИ БАЛДАРДЫН ДЕН СООЛУГУН ЧЫҢДООДО ОЮН ТЕХНОЛОГИЯСЫН КОЛДОНУУ

2020 ◽  
pp. 158-160
Author(s):  
Салтанат Кошалиева
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
School Students ◽  
Number Of Children

Аннотация: Бул макалада мектеп жашына чейинки балдардын ден соолугун чыңдоодо оюн технологиясын пайдалануунун өзгөчөлүктөрү талкууланат. Метепке чейинки курак баланын дене-бой жана психикалык ден соолугунун пайдубалын түптөөнүн чечүүчү этабы болуп саналат. Бул мезгилде органдардын ургаалдуу өнүгүшү жана организмдин функциялык системасынын калыптанышы жүрүүдө. Акыркы жылдары мектепке чейинки балдардын ден соолугунун начарлаганы туруктуу тенденцияга айланып, оорулуу балдардын саны көбөйүүдө. Мектеп жашына чейинки балдардын психикалык жана сүйлөө жөндөмдөрүн оюн аркылуу жакшыртып, жаңы механизмдерин иштеп чыгуу жагы каралган. Бала бакчанын негизги милдети - баланы өз алдынча жашоого даярдоо, жакшы адаттарга багыттоо менен тарбиялоо иши макалада каралган. Түйүндүү сөздөр: Ден соолук, бала бакчада, дене тарбия, элдик оюндар, тарбиялоо, ден соолукту чыңдоо, иш пландар, жаш муундар, коюлган талаптар, педагогикалык шарттар. Аннотация: В данной статье рассматриваются особенности использования игровых технологий в оздоровлении дошкольников. Дошкольный возраст является решающим этапом в формировании фундамента физического и психического здоровья ребенка. В этот период идет интенсивное развитие органов и становление функциональных систем организма. Наметившаяся в последние годы устойчивая тенденция ухудшения здоровья дошкольников, увеличение количества детей с нарушениями психического и речевого развития, диктует необходимость поиска механизмов, позволяющая изменить эту ситуацию. Основная задача детского сада - подготовить ребенка к самостоятельной жизни, дав ему для этого необходимые умения, навыки, воспитав определенные привычки. Сегодня в дошкольных учреждениях уделяется большое внимание здоровье сберегающим технологиям, которые направлены на решение самой главной задачидошкольного образования – сохранить, поддержать и обогатить здоровье детей. Ключевые слова: Здоровье, детский сад, физическое воспитание, народные подвижные игры, физические упражнения, общеобразовательная школа, учащиеся, воспитание, оздоровление, подрастающее поколение, предъявляемые требования, педагогические условия, теория и практика физического воспитания, подвижные игры. Abstract: This article discusses the features of the use of game technologies in the rehabilitation of preschoolers. Preschool age is a crucial stage in the formation of the Foundation of physical and mental health of the child. During this period there is an intensive development of organs and the formation of functional systems of the body. The steady tendency of deterioration of health of preschool children outlined in recent years, increase in number of children with violations of mental and speech development, dictates need of search of the mechanisms allowing to change this situation. The main task of the kindergarten is to prepare the child for independent life, giving him the necessary skills, bringing up certain habits. Today, preschool institutions pay great attention to health-saving technologies, which are aimed at solving the most important task of preschool education – to preserve, support and enrich the health of children. Key words: Health, kindergarten, physical education, folk outdoor games, physical exercises, secondary school, students, education, rehabilitation, the younger generation, the requirements, pedagogical conditions, theory and practice of physical education, out-door games.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Recommendations in the Context of New Calls for Change in Physical Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1177
Author(s):  
Karel Frömel ◽  
Jana Vašíčková ◽  
Krzysztof Skalik ◽  
Zbyněk Svozil ◽  
Dorota Groffik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Physical Strain ◽  
School Practice ◽  
School Based ◽  
Adequate Response ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
Activity Recommendations

The current social, health, and educational changes in society require an adequate response in school-based physical activity (PA), including physical education (PE) lessons. The objective of this study was to identify the real average step counts of Czech and Polish adolescents during PE lessons, and propose recommendations for improving PE programs. This research was carried out in 143 Czech and 99 Polish schools. In the research, a total of 4911 adolescents aged 12–18 years were analyzed as part of teaching practice and 1827 in the context of habitual school practice. Steps were monitored using pedometers. The average step count per PE lesson was 2390 in Czech and Polish boys, while girls achieved 1851 steps. In both countries, boys were subject to greater physical strain in PE lessons compared to girls, both in teaching practice (F(4088,3) = 154.49, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.102) and school practice (F(1552,3) = 70.66, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.103). Therefore, the priority in PE lessons is to increase the amount of PA for girls, achieve the objectives of PE during PA, and use wearables to improve awareness of PA and improve physical literacy, as well as to support hybrid and online PE as a complement to traditional PE.

Application of Information Technology in Vocational Engineering Training

2013 ◽  
Vol 433-435 ◽  
pp. 1845-1848
Author(s):  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Tao He
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Dynamic Interaction ◽  
Web Technology ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
Teaching System ◽  
Network Teaching ◽  
Multimedia Teaching ◽  
Engineering Training ◽  
Technology Teaching

There are so many problems in the traditional teaching practice, information technology teaching has fairly obvious advantages, information technology teaching with Internet as a carrier to spread, Web technology can achieve dynamic interaction, thus providing vivid, content-rich multimedia teaching as possible, in this paper, a system for the management of network teaching system are discussed and research.

Health indicators of children 10-11 years old at physical education lessons (cycling module)

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-116
Author(s):  
Maryna Prudnikova ◽  
Katerina Mulik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
The Future ◽  
Demographic Processes

The future of Ukraine is children, the future of demographic processes largely depends on their number, their health. The main role in the child's life is played by the dynamic process of growth and biological maturation, where one of the informative indicators is the cardiovascular system. In case of severe discomfort in the body, it is necessary to stop classes and consult a doctor. All physical activity must correspond to the physical fitness and age of the children. The cycling module is designed for 24 hours, according to the schedule, two physical education lessons were paired. For an effective lesson. In the course of the lessons, they mastered theoretical information (10 %), general and special physical training (20 %), technical training (70 %). During physical culture classes using a bicycle, objective factors were taken into account, such as the availability of a sports ground for technical riding, equipment (30 bicycles), and the weather conditions of the region. Over the course of one and a half months, the conducted classes formed the necessary skills for safe cycling, technical skill in children of 10-11 years old, provided the necessary foundation for physical fitness and motivation to go in for sports. The increase in adaptive indices of the heart was 14 % in grade 5-A, 8 % in grade 5-B, and 15 % in grade 5-V of the total number of children in each grade. This indicates that muscular work took place with positive consequences for the functional state of the body of children aged 10-11 years.

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