scholarly journals Concentration of Banking Sector and Loan Markups in Short Term: An Example from Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-44
Author(s):  
Krysztof Drachal
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Mortgage Market ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of the relationship between concentration of the banking sector and banks' markups on offered loans. The markup is understood as the difference between the rate offered by banks and the reference rate fixed by the Monetary Policy Council. The period between 2009 and 2013 was analyzed. Monthly data from the Polish banking sector were considered. This paper also consists of the literature review, which focuses on the mortgage market. The methodology used for the analysis is based mainly on simple linear regression techniques. It is found that such methods are not sufficient to give conclusive answers. Therefore additional future research is proposed.

scholarly journals BANK PROFITABILITY AND MACROECONOMY: EVIDENCE FROM LITHUANIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurynas NARUŠEVIČIUS
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Bank Profitability ◽  
Pooled Mean Group ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Income Statement ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between profitability of the Lithuanian banking sector and its internal and external determinants. We use the panel error correc­tion model to assess long-term and short-term determinants of items from bank income statements (net interest income, net fee and commission income and operating expenses). The results of the pooled mean group estimator show that bank size and real GDP are the main determinants in the long-term. Meanwhile, empirical examination suggests various variables as short-term determinants of income statement items. The pooled mean group estimation technique and the analysis of sepa­rate income statement items enable us to have a better insight into the Lithuanian banking sector and determinants of its revenue and expenses.

scholarly journals Analisis Indeks Harga Konsumen di Indonesia Melalui Pendekatan Kointegrasi

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
Muhamad Muin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to analyze the relationship between the rupiah exchange rate (RER) and the money supply (M1) on the outgrowth of the consumer price index (CPI) in Indonesia. The data used in this study are monthly data series from January 2005 to January 2019. The results of this empirical study shows that there is a relationship between RER and M1 on CPI in the long term and there is a correction in the short term balance (ECM) which is influenced by M1. All of these variables are significant at α = 5% and partly significant at α = 1%.

The relationship between financial development and effectiveness of monetary policy: new evidence from ASEAN-3 countries

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulkefly Abdul Karim ◽  
Danie Eirieswanty Kamal Basa ◽  
Bakri Abdul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Financial System ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the relationship between financial development (FD) and monetary policy effectiveness (MPE) on output and inflation in ASEAN-3 countries (Singapore, Malaysia and the Philippines). Design/methodology/approach This study uses an open economy structural vector autoregressive model to generate MPE. Then, an autoregressive distributed lagged (ARDL) model is used to analyze the effect of FD on MPE across countries. Findings The findings revealed that FD plays a different role in MPE across countries. In Malaysia, a more developed financial system tends to reduce the MPE on output, whereas in Singapore, results show that the more developed financial system (stock market capitalization) tends to increase MPE on output. However, in the Philippines, the main results show that the effect of FD (liquid liabilities) upon MPE on output is depending on the policy variable (interest rates or money supply). Originality/value This paper fills this gap by providing the first study of ASEAN-3 countries in examining how effective is a monetary policy in response to the development of the financial market across the country. Second, this paper considers two FD indicators, namely, the banking sector and capital market development in investigating its effect on MPE on output and inflation. Third, the authors construct the MPE in each country using a structural (identified) VAR model by aggregating the response of output growth and inflation rate on monetary policy changes (interest rate and money supply) using impulse–response function. Regarding this, the results of this study provide new empirical evidence and insight into the long debate on the relationship between FD and the MPE.

Techniques to Predict Agricultural Droughts

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zekai Şen
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Effects Of Drought

In general, the techniques to predict drought include statistical regression, time series, stochastic (or probabilistic), and, lately, pattern recognition techniques. All of these techniques require that a quantitative variable be identified to define drought, with which to begin the process of prediction. In the case of agricultural drought, such a variable can be the yield (production per unit area) of the major crop in a region (Kumar, 1998; Boken, 2000). The crop yield in a year can be compared with its long-term average, and drought intensity can be classified as nil, mild, moderate, severe, or disastrous, based on the difference between the current yield and the average yield. Regression techniques estimate crop yields using yield-affecting variables. A comprehensive list of possible variables that affect yield is provided in chapter 1. Usually, the weather variables routinely available for a historical period that significantly affect the yield are included in a regression analysis. Regression techniques using weather data during a growing season produce short-term estimates (e.g., Sakamoto, 1978; Idso et al., 1979; Slabbers and Dunin, 1981; Diaz et al., 1983; Cordery and Graham, 1989; Walker, 1989; Toure et al., 1995; Kumar, 1998). Various researchers in different parts of the world (see other chapters) have developed drought indices that can also be included along with the weather variables to estimate crop yield. For example, Boken and Shaykewich (2002) modifed the Western Canada Wheat Yield Model (Walker, 1989) drought index using daily temperature and precipitation data and advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data. The modified model improved the predictive power of the wheat yield model significantly. Some satellite data-based variables that can be used to predict crop yield are described in chapters 5, 6, 9, 13, 19, and 28. The short-term estimates are available just before or around harvest time. But many times long-term estimates are required to predict drought for next year, so that long-term planning for dealing with the effects of drought can be initiated in time.

scholarly journals Causality Analysis of the Factors Affecting the Consumer Price of Veal: The Case of Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6257
Author(s):  
Burak Mat ◽  
Mehmet Saltuk Arikan ◽  
Mustafa Bahadir Çevrimli ◽  
Ahmet Cumhur Akin ◽  
Mustafa Agah Tekindal
Keyword(s):  
Production Costs ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Producer Price ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Producer Prices ◽  
Macro Variables ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Input Prices

It is interesting to identify the reasons and the direction of the correlation between the input/output prices and the macro/micro parameters in animal production processes. In the present study, the time series of the monthly data between the years 2014 and 2019 were analyzed to examine the factors that affected the consumer price of carcass meat in Turkey. An attempt was made to identify the relationship between the consumer price of carcass meat and the prices of cattle fattening feed, the exchange rate of the dollar, producer price index (PPI), and the agricultural PPI, which were anticipated to affect the consumer price of carcass meat as determined by the Granger causality analysis. According to econometric analysis results, when there is a change in carcass producer price, cattle fattening feed and PPI in the short term, the consumer price of carcass meat is affected by this. The producer price of carcass and PPI variables are determined to be the cause of each other’s Granger. At the same time, the PPI variable and the consumer price of carcass meat and dollar rate variables were found to be the cause of each other’s Granger. If Turkey is to prevent the excessive fluctuations in the consumer- and producer-prices of carcass meat caused by macro variables, an effective price control mechanism should be put into practice. It seems that this change would be possible only by developing and implementing policies to lower the input prices and production costs.

scholarly journals Monetary Transmission through Shadow Banks

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 2379-2420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kairong Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Shadow Banking ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Shadow Banks ◽  
Bank Deposits ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Impact

Abstract I find that shadow bank money creation significantly expands during monetary-tightening cycles. This “shadow banking channel” offsets reductions in commercial bank deposits and dampens the impact of monetary policy. Using a structural model of bank competition, I show that the difference in depositor clienteles quantitatively explains banks’ different responses to monetary policy. Facing a more yield-sensitive clientele, shadow banks are more likely to pass through rate hikes to depositors, thereby attracting more deposits when the Federal Reserve raises rates. My results suggest that monetary tightening could unintentionally increase financial fragility by driving deposits into the uninsured shadow banking sector. Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

scholarly journals D-dimer daily continuous tendency predicts the short-term prognosis for COVID-19 independently: A retrospective study from Northeast China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yinting Xing ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Yingyu Jin ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Xiuru Guan
Keyword(s):  
Cox Regression ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognosis Group ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Worse Prognosis ◽  
D Dimer

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To study whether D-dimer daily continuous tendency could predict the short-term prognosis of COVID-19. PATIENTS AND METHODES: According to the short-term prognosis, 81 COVID-19 patients were divided into two groups, one of worse prognosis (Group W) and the other of better prognosis (Group B). The slope of D-dimer linear regression during hospitalization (SLOPE) was calculated as an indicator of D-dimer daily continuous tendency. The SLOPE difference between Group W and Group B was compared. The difference between the discharge results and the 3-month follow-up results was also compared. COX regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between SLOPE and short-term prognosis of COVID-19. RESULTS: There were 16 patients in Group W and 65 patients in Group B. Group W had more critical proportion (p <  0.0001), indicating that the symptoms of its patients were more severe during hospitalization. ARDS, the most visible cause of worse prognosis, accounted for up to 68.75%, and many symptoms merged and resulted in worse prognosis. The D-dimer levels of Group W not only were significantly higher (p <  0.0001), but also showed an increasing trend. In addition, the D-dimer levels at discharge were significantly higher than those at follow-up (p = 0.0261), and the mean difference was as high as 0.7474. SLOPE significantly correlated with the short-term prognosis of COVID-19 independently (RR: 1.687, 95% CI: 1.345–2.116, P <  0.0001). The worst prognosis occurred most likely during the first month after COVID-19 diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Our study found that D-dimer daily continuous tendency independently correlates with worse prognosis and can be used as an independent predictor of the short-term prognosis for COVID-19.

scholarly journals Banking: Interest Spread, Inelastic Deposit Supply, and Mergers

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (4II) ◽  
pp. 1055-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Idrees Khawaja ◽  
Musleh-Ud Din
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Bank Lending Channel ◽  
Treasury Bills ◽  
Lending Channel ◽  
Lending Rates ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pass Through

Interest spread, the difference between what a bank earns on its assets and what it pays on its liabilities, has been on an upward trend during the last few years: during 2005 the average interest spread of the banking sector has increased by 2.14 percent. An increase in the interest spread implies that either the depositor or the borrower or both stand to loose. In the context of developing economies, the lack of alternate avenues of financial intermediation aggravates the adverse impact of increase in spread.1 Interest spread also has implications for the effectiveness of the bank lending channel. For example, with a commitment to market based monetary policy, the central bank influences the yield on treasury bills (T. bill hereafter) that in turn affects the deposit and lending rates.2 The change in these rates influences the cost of capital that in turn affects the level of consumption and investment in the economy. If the pass-through of the changes in yield on T. bill rate to the deposit and lending rates is asymmetric then this changes the spread, for better or worse, depending upon the nature of asymmetry. If the increase in spread is due to lower return to depositors then this discourages savings; alternatively if it is due to higher charge on loans, investment decisions are affected. In either case the increase in spread has an adverse bearing upon the effectiveness of bank lending channel of monetary policy and has therefore important implications for the economy......

scholarly journals Role of Occupational Stress and Organizational Stress towards Job Satisfaction: A Study Based on Banking Sector Employees in Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
P. Siyambalapitiya ◽  
V. Sachitra
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Employee Motivation ◽  
Psychological Problem ◽  
Organizational Stress ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Relationship

Aims: Occupational stress, organizational stress, common occurrences among various professions worldwide, is regarded as a major psychological problem for banking employees. The aims of the study were to identify the relationship between occupational stress and job satisfaction among employees in banking sector of Sri Lanka, to identify the relationship between organizational stress and job satisfaction among employees in banking sector of Sri Lanka and to ensure whether there any differences of the occupational stress, organizational stress and job satisfaction with respect to private and public banks, gender and working experience. Methodology: A non-experimental correlational design was used in the study. A total of 200 banking employees from 6 banks completed the banking employees Stress Index, the Job Satisfaction Survey. Results: Study findings demonstrated that there were significant positive relationships between organizational stress and job satisfaction and between occupational stress and job satisfaction there was no any significant relationship. There were significant differences in levels of job satisfaction, between male and female banking employees. Male banking employees reported higher levels of job satisfaction. Working experience wise and sector wise, there was not any significant level of differences among organizational stress and occupational stress. Conclusion: Future research is needed to examine best practices for human resource managers to improve banking employee motivation and job satisfaction of banking employees.

scholarly journals Job rotation, job performance, organizational commitment: An empirical study on bank employees

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Khan ◽  
Amran Md Rasli ◽  
Rosman Md Yusoff ◽  
Tariq Ahmed ◽  
Abid ur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Job Rotation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Bank Employees ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship and effect of  job variables rotation, job performance and organizational commitment among the employees working in banking sector in Pakistan. Self-administrated questionnaire was distributed by selecting a convenient sampling the data collected were 435 from the employees in the banks. The data were analyzed with the help of Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS). The findings of the study revealed that a positive relationship was found between job rotation, job performance and organizational commitment among the employees, whereas negative relationship was found between job performance and organizational commitment. The study results are useful for the bankers, employees’ and managers. The study also provided the limitations and recommendations for future research.

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