scholarly journals Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) Approved for Cancer Treatment in the 2020s

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouya Safarzadeh Kozani ◽  
Abdolhossein Naseri ◽  
Pooria Safarzadeh Kozani ◽  
Sanaz Khatami ◽  
Abdolkarim Sheikhi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Wide Applicability ◽  
Wide Range

: Monoclonal antibodies are one of the most eminent types of immunotherapeutics that have taken over the biopharmaceutical market because they are approved for a wide range of cancers, either blood-based malignancies or solid tumors, and also non-cancer indications, from migraine to viral infections. Due to their wide applicability as immunotherapeutics, countless biopharmaceutical companies try to be in the competition by developing monoclonal antibodies and advancing into clinical trials with them. Since the approval of the first monoclonal antibodies, the speed of their discovery and approval for medical use have been rather incremental, so that the progress of this market has been anticipated to increase in the current decade. Herein, we take a look at some of the monoclonal antibodies, which have been approved for clinical use in the current decade, so far. Moreover, we underline the encouraging results from the clinical trials that led to the approval of these immunotherapeutics.

Antibody Therapy for the Control of Viral Diseases: An Update

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 1108-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Dibo ◽  
Eduardo C. Battocchio ◽  
Lucas M. dos Santos Souza ◽  
Matheus D. Veloso da Silva ◽  
Bruna K. Banin-Hirata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Viral Antigen ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Antibody Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Epidemiological Impact

The epidemiological impact of viral diseases, combined with the emergence and reemergence of some viruses, and the difficulties in identifying effective therapies, have encouraged several studies to develop new therapeutic strategies for viral infections. In this context, the use of immunotherapy for the treatment of viral diseases is increasing. One of the strategies of immunotherapy is the use of antibodies, particularly the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and multi-specific antibodies, which bind directly to the viral antigen and bring about activation of the immune system. With current advancements in science and technology, several such antibodies are being tested, and some are already approved and are undergoing clinical trials. The present work aims to review the status of mAb development for the treatment of viral diseases.

scholarly journals Use of bacteriophage for discovery of therapeutically relevant antibodies against infectious diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Martina L Jones
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Phage Display ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Diagnostic Use ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Antibody Libraries ◽  
Bacteria Culture

Scientists George P Smith and Gregory Winter were recently awarded half of the 2018 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for developing a technology to display exogenous peptides and proteins on the surface of bacteriophage. ‘Phage display' has revolutionised the development of monoclonal antibodies, allowing fully human-derived antibodies to be isolated from large antibody libraries. It has been used for the discovery of many blockbuster drugs, including Humira (adalimumab), the highest selling drug yearly since 2012, with US$18.4b in sales globally in 20171. Phage display can be used to isolate antibodies to almost any antigen for a wide range of applications including clinical use (for cancer, inflammatory conditions and infectious diseases), diagnostic use or as research tools. The technology is accessible to any laboratory equipped for molecular biology and bacteria culture.

The neutralization potency of anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic human monoclonal antibodies is retained against novel viral variants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efi Makdasi ◽  
Anat Zvi ◽  
Ron Alcalay ◽  
Tal Noy-Porat ◽  
Eldar Peretz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Spike Glycoprotein ◽  
Human Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Uk

SummaryA wide range of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were reported to date, most of which target the spike glycoprotein and in particular its receptor binding domain (RBD) and N-terminal domain (NTD) of the S1 subunit. The therapeutic implementation of these antibodies has been recently challenged by the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, harboring an extensively-mutated spike versions. Consequently, the re-assessment of mAbs, previously reported to neutralize the original early-version of the virus, represents an assignment of high priority.With respect to the evolving mutations in the virus spike RBD, we evaluated the aptitude of four previously selected mAbs, targeting distinct epitopes, to bind RBD versions harboring individual mutations at positions 501, 477, 484, 439, 417 and 453. Mutations of these residues represent the prevailing worldwide distributed modifications of the RBD, previously reported to mediate escape from antibody neutralization. Additionally, the in vitro neutralization efficacies of the four RBD-specific mAbs, as well as two NTD-specific mAbs, were evaluated against two frequent SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs): (i) the B.1.1.7 variant, emerged in the UK and (ii) the B.1.351 variant, emerged in South Africa. B.1.351, was previously suggested to escape many therapeutic mAbs, including those authorized for clinical use.The results of the present study, clearly indicate that in spite of mutation accumulation in the spike of the virus, some neutralizing mAbs preserve their potency to combat SARS-CoV-2 emerged variants. In particular, the previously reported highly potent MD65 mAb is shown to retain its ability to bind the prevalent novel viral mutations and to effectively neutralize the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants of high clinical concern.

Toxicity profile of approved anti-PD1 monoclonal antibodies in solid tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 3064-3064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Lima Barros Costa ◽  
Benedito A. Carneiro ◽  
Alfred Rademaker ◽  
Mark Agulnik ◽  
Victoria Meucci Villaflor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Toxicity Profile

scholarly journals Toxicity profile of approved anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Oncotarget ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 8910-8920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Costa ◽  
Benedito A. Carneiro ◽  
Mark Agulnik ◽  
Alfred W. Rademaker ◽  
Sachin G. Pai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Toxicity Profile

scholarly journals Analysis of response rate with ANTI PD1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies in advanced solid tumors: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Oncotarget ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 8706-8715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Carretero-González ◽  
David Lora ◽  
Ismael Ghanem ◽  
Jon Zugazagoitia ◽  
Daniel Castellano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Advanced Solid Tumors

scholarly journals Cryptococcus neoformansas a Model for Radioimmunotherapy of Infections

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Dadachova ◽  
Arturo Casadevall
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
The Creation

There is an obvious and urgent need for novel approaches to treat infectious diseases. The use of monoclonal antibodies in therapy of infectious diseases is now experiencing renewed interest. During the last 5 years radioimmunotherapy (RIT), a modality previously developed only for cancer treatment, has been successfully adapted for the treatment of experimental fungal, bacterial, and viral infections. As our model organism for studying the efficacy, mechanisms, potential toxicity, and radioresistance to RIT, as well as for comparison of RIT with the existing antimicrobial therapies we have chosen the encapsulated yeastCryptococcus neoformans(CN). The success of RIT approach in laboratory studies provides encouragement for feasibility of therapeutically targeting microbes with labeled antibodies. In addition, the creation of “panantibodies” for RIT which would recognize antigens shared by the whole class of pathogens such as fungi, for example, would facilitate the introduction of RIT into the clinic.

scholarly journals Nitroxoline: repurposing its antimicrobial to antitumor application

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janko Kos ◽  
Ana Mitrović
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Lead Compound ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Great Burden

Cancer is a disease receiving an outstanding input of funds for basic and clinical research but is, nevertheless, still the second leading cause of death in the developed world and a great burden for health systems. New drugs are therefore needed to improve therapy, prolong survival of cancer patients and improve their quality of life. The high cost of development and clinical evaluation of new drugs limits the number that actually enter clinical use. To overcome this problem, repurposing of established drugs for new indications has gained a lot of interest, especially in the field of oncology. The well-established antimicrobial agent nitroxoline has been identified as a promising candidate to be repurposed for cancer treatment in several independent studies. Here we have reviewed a wide range of molecular mechanisms and tumor models involving nitroxoline in impairment of tumor progression. Furthermore, nitroxoline was used as a lead compound for structure-based chemical synthesis of new derivatives in order to improve its potency as well as selectivity for various targets. The potent antitumor activity of nitroxoline points strongly in the direction of its repurposing for cancer treatment and to the benefits of this strategy for patients and healthcare system.

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