scholarly journals Internet and Social Isolation: A Comparative Study of the Effect of Internet Use on Social Isolation Between Young and Middle-Aged Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Hashempour-Sadeghian ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Abbasi Shavazi
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Received Social Support ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
People Today

Background: One of the symptoms of mental health disorders is social isolation which refers to unfavorable social relationships with other people. Today, Internet use is an important predictor of social isolation. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between Internet use and social isolation (objective-subjective) in young and middle-aged individuals in the city of Shiraz. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 600 young and middle-aged (15 - 65 years old) individuals in Shiraz, Iran. Data were collected using three questionnaires (objective isolation with four subscales, subjective isolation with two subscales, and the amount of Internet use). Regression analyses were used to analyze the data. Results: Regression analysis showed that in objective isolation, Internet use increased just two subscales, including network diversity (P < 0.001) and the level of social participation (P < 0.001). It can be argued that the Internet has partly reduced social isolation in the objective dimension. In the subjective dimension, Internet use has increased the received social support (P < 0.001). Thus, Internet use would reduce the level of social isolation in the subjective dimension (P < 0.001). Although the significance level of the relationship between Internet use and social isolation is almost the same in both generations, the intensity of middle-aged relationships is higher than that in young people. Conclusions: Internet use has reduced social isolation; however, considering the low intensity of the reduction of isolation, it is argued that Internet use does not isolate people but just does not upgrade them much.

Internet Addiction and the Pattern of Internet Use among Under Graduate Medical Students: A Cross- Sectional Study from North India

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka . ◽  
R K Pal
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
North India ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level

Introduction: Excessive use of the Internet affects the academic achievements of students. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Internet addiction and the pattern of Internet use among undergraduate medical students. Method: This analytical cross-sectional study conducted on 177 undergraduate medical students in batch 2016, 2017 and 2018, who were included in this study by convenience sampling method. The study tool was  Young’s Internet Addiction Test containing questions regarding the pattern of Internet use. Data entry and analysis was done by using Microsoft excel and SPSS version 21. Qualitative data were described in terms of frequency and percentage while quantitative data were expressed as mean and standard deviation. Chi square test and multiple linear regression were used to find out the relationship between various factors and Internet Addiction (IA).  The significance level was considered 0.05. Results: The mean age of the participants was 20.3 years (± 1.19), and 62 % of the subjects were males. The prevalence rate of Internet Addiction (IA) was found to be 56.5% and 42.9% of them were in mild and 13.6% were in moderate addiction category. Being male (β= -0.143, p=0.038), staying at a hostel (β= 0.167, p=0.018), not having a time preference for using the Internet (β= -0.174, p=0.012), spending more time on the Internet everyday (β= 0.201, p=0.000), being always online (β= 0.276, p=0.000) and more years of using the Internet (β= 0.175, p=0.015) were significantly related with IA in students. Conclusion: A large proportion of medical students were found to be addicted to the Internet. Therefore, this issue should be addressed immediately.

scholarly journals Asupan Energi, Zat Gizi Makro dan Pertambahan Berat Badan Ibu Hamil

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Nurmela Setia Ningsih ◽  
Betty Yosephin Simanjuntak ◽  
Miratul Haya
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

<p>Pregnant women are one of the vulnerable groups. During pregnancy, there is an increase in the need for nutrients to meet the needs of the mother and fetus as well as preparation for labor. It is very important to pay attention to the recommended weight gain during pregnancy to prevent the occurrence of low birth weight. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between energy, carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake on weight gain of pregnant women in the city of Bengkulu. The design of this study was a cross-sectional study with a total sample of 47 pregnant women who had received an education of the first thousand days of life when registering to become a prospective bride at the Religious Affairs Office. As many as 53.2% of mothers had good weight gain and had a relationship between energy intake (p-value 0,032), carbohydrate intake (p-value 0,024), protein intake (p-value 0,039), and fat intake (p-value 0,023). Energy and macronutrients have a relationship with the weight gain of pregnant women in the group of preconception couples who have received education about the first 1000 days of life. It is hoped that pregnant women will be able to control their weight during pregnancy and apply the knowledge that has been obtained through education while preconception age.<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals The relationship between spiritual health and social trust among students

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Farzin Rezaei ◽  
Hero Hassan ◽  
Arezoo Fallahi ◽  
Reza Gheshlagh ◽  
Shahram Sadeghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Iranian Students ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Social trust and spiritual health play an important role in social communication. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between spiritual health and social trust among Iranian students. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Sanandaj, in the West of Iran, in 2018. 686 students from 5 universities were included in the study through simple random sampling. The data were collected using established, reliable instruments for the assessment of social trust and spiritual health. Logistic regression models were applied to assess the association between social trust and spiritual health. We reported estimated logits and Odds Ratios (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The students with a literate father had substantially higher odds of social trust (OR=1.98, 95% CI=1.19-3.28, p<0.01). Also, similar findings were obtained for students with a literate mother compared to those with an illiterate mother (OR=2.09, 95% CI=1.33-3.28, p<0.01). The odds of social trust also increased with the father’s employment status (OR=13.06, 95% CI=4.16-41, p<0.01). The odds of social trust increased with religious health (OR=1.05, 95% CI=1.03-1.08, p<0.01). It is essential to increase spiritual health and the parents’ literacy to promote social trust among the students.

scholarly journals The relationship between social deprivation and a frailty index of cumulative deficits in French middle-aged caregivers

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Giovannelli ◽  
Anthony Pinon ◽  
Manon Lenain ◽  
Anne-Laure Cleys ◽  
Brigitte Lefebvre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Missing Values ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The North ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Cumulative Deficit ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The Institut Pasteur de Lille, in the north of France, has implemented a large, multidisciplinary health check, which aims to identify frailty in middle-aged caregivers. We aimed to construct an adapted frailty index of cumulative deficit (FI-CD) and study the associated factors, in particular socioeconomic factors. Methods The cross-sectional study included caregivers aged 45 to 65. A 34-item FI-CD including deficits adapted to a middle-aged population (related to cognition and autonomy, dietetics, physical activity, comorbidities, functional signs, lab values and paraclinical examinations) was constructed in accordance with standard procedures. It was calculated as a ratio of deficits present out of the total number of possible deficits, giving a continuous score between 0 and 1. Scores > 0.25 and >  0.4 were classified as frailty and severe frailty, respectively. Univariate and multivariate associations were studied using linear regressions. Results One hundred and seventeen caregivers were included; among them, 111 were analyzed due to missing values. The mean FI-CD was 0.22 ± 0.08. Forty (36%) individuals were classified as frailty and three (2.7%) as severe frailty. In multivariate analysis, FI-CD was significantly associated with age (beta [95% confidence interval] = 0.005 [0.002; 0.009] per 1-year increase, p = 0.005) and social deprivation (beta = 0.054 [0.007; 0.102], p = 0.025). A significant interaction was observed between and age and social deprivation (p = 0.036). The adjusted relationship between FI-CD and age was beta = 0.010 [0.002; 0.019], p = 0.017 in precarious caregivers, and beta = 0.003 [− 0.001; 0.007], p = 0.19 in non-precarious caregivers. Conclusions The study suggested that the 34-item FI-CD could have clinical utility in the management of middle-aged caregivers. Social deprivation appeared as an important factor associated with frailty, highlighting the importance of early care and social support for precarious caregivers.

scholarly journals Telecare for the elderly: coercion, confidence and satisfaction associated with its use

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-471
Author(s):  
Bruna Borba Neves ◽  
José Roberto Goldim
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
High Confidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Quantitative Data Analysis ◽  
The City

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the expression of coercion, confidence and satisfaction with the use of telecare. Method: a cross-sectional study was carried out of prevalent cases with elderly residents in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, who had already used telecare services. The sociodemographic variables used were: gender, age, schooling and marital status. In order to evaluate the perception of coercion, the Perceived Coercion Scale was applied in relation to the use of telecare and those responsible for deciding to use the technology. Confidence in the use of telecare technology and the satisfaction associated with its use were evaluated. Quantitative data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistical measures. Means and standard deviations were used. Differences were assessed by analysis of variance, with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). Results: the sample consisted of 25 elderly people who used telecare. When evaluating the distribution of the answers obtained, it was found that 11 (44%) of those interviewed did not perceive any coercion associated with their decision. The others had varying perceptions, with an average of 23%. Respondents expressed high confidence and satisfaction with telecare. Conclusion: the decision-making process associated with the use of telecare had a low perception of coercion, combined with high confidence and satisfaction with the use of the technology.

scholarly journals Moderate and high dental fear by sex and age using the Children’s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natália Andrade ◽  
◽  
Isla Laureano ◽  
Lunna Farias ◽  
Liege Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Fear ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Minimum Score ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Fear Survey Schedule ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

Objective: To assess the relationship between the Children’s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) questionnaire’s items and sex and age in children with moderate and high dental fear levels. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in a municipality in the Northeastern region of Brazil with 185 children aged 8-10 years of both sexes, who had a minimum score of 32 on the CFSS-DS questionnaire, corresponding to dental fear. Descriptive statistical analysis and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed. The significance level adopted was 5%. Results: Most children were female (59.5%) and 9 years old (37.3%). The average of the total CFSS-DS score was 40.44 ± 6.81 (with a minimum of 32 and a maximum of 75). According to the CFSS-DS, 53.5% of children had high dental fear. Items “Injections,” “Having a stranger touch you,” “The dentist drilling,” “Having somebody put instruments in your mouth,” “Choking,” and “Having to go to the hospital” had the highest median values. A significant difference was observed between ages for the item “Having a stranger touch you” (p=0.001). Conclusion: The item “Having a stranger touch you” in the CFSS-DS questionnaire showed a statistically significant difference with age, while no differences were found regarding sex.

scholarly journals Age differences in associations of different indicators of socioeconomic status with social isolation: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixia Ge ◽  
Bee Hoon Heng ◽  
Woan Shin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Housing Type ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Socioeconomic status is a crucial determinant of social isolation. However, little is known whether the associations between different indicators of socioeconomic status and social isolation vary across age groups. This study examined the association of individual socioeconomic status indicators with social isolation in three age groups: young (21-44 years), middle-aged (45-64 years), and older adults (≥65 years). Methods Cross-sectional data for 1,930 representative community-dwelling adults aged 21 and above in the Central region of Singapore was used. The 6-item Lubben Social Network Scale was used to assess social isolation. Socioeconomic status was measured using education level, employment status, personal income, housing type and self-perceived money sufficiency). Separate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between each SES indicator and social isolation in each age group. Results Each socioeconomic indicator showed a clear gradient with social isolation and significant age disparities were found in their relationship. Socioeconomic status indicators significantly associated with social isolation were income (R2 change=2.5%) and self-perceived money insufficiency (R2 change=1.5%) in young adults, education (R2 change=0.5%), employment status (R2 change=1.3%), income (R2 change=0.8%), housing type (R2 change=1.9%) and self-perceived money insufficiency (R2 change=2.0%) in middle-aged adults, and housing type (R2 change=1.3%) and self-perceived money insufficiency (R2 change=3.7%) in older adults when adjusting for demographics and other indicators. Conclusions The influence of individual socioeconomic status indicators on social isolation varied across age groups. This study provides a rationale for the choice of socioeconomic status indicator and specific interventions need to target different socioeconomic status groups for different age groups.

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