scholarly journals The Effects of Sugars on the Biofilm Formation of Escherichia coli 185p on Stainless Steel and Polyethylene Terephthalate Surfaces in a Laboratory Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Khangholi ◽  
Ailar Jamalli
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Laboratory Model

Effects of Beef Juice on Biofilm Formation by Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli on Stainless Steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Ma ◽  
Kim Stanford ◽  
Xiao M. Bie ◽  
Yan D. Niu ◽  
Tim A. McAllister
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Biofilm Formation

scholarly journals Biofilm Formation by Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Stainless Steel: Effect of Exopolysaccharide and Curli Production on Its Resistance to Chlorine

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jee-Hoon Ryu ◽  
Larry R. Beuchat
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Strain Atcc ◽  
Planktonic Cells ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Resistant Population ◽  
Population Sizes

ABSTRACT The resistance of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains ATCC 43895-, 43895-EPS (an exopolysaccharide [EPS]-overproducing mutant), and ATCC 43895+ (a curli-producing mutant) to chlorine, a sanitizer commonly used in the food industry, was studied. Planktonic cells of strains 43895-EPS and/or ATCC 43895+ grown under conditions supporting EPS and curli production, respectively, showed the highest resistance to chlorine, indicating that EPS and curli afford protection. Planktonic cells (ca. 9 log10 CFU/ml) of all strains, however, were killed within 10 min by treatment with 50 μg of chlorine/ml. Significantly lower numbers of strain 43895-EPS, compared to those of strain ATCC 43895-, attached to stainless steel coupons, but the growth rate of strain 43895-EPS on coupons was not significantly different from that of strain ATCC 43895-, indicating that EPS production did not affect cell growth during biofilm formation. Curli production did not affect the initial attachment of cells to coupons but did enhance biofilm production. The resistance of E. coli O157:H7 to chlorine increased significantly as cells formed biofilm on coupons; strain ATCC 43895+ was the most resistant. Population sizes of strains ATCC 43895+ and ATCC 43895- in biofilm formed at 12�C were not significantly different, but cells of strain ATCC 43895+ showed significantly higher resistance than did cells of strain ATCC 43895-. These observations support the hypothesis that the production of EPS and curli increase the resistance of E. coli O157:H7 to chlorine.

scholarly journals Role of bolA and rpoS genes in biofilm formation and adherence pattern by Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655 on polypropylene, stainless steel, and silicone surfaces

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Adnan ◽  
Ana Margarida Sousa ◽  
Idalina Machado ◽  
Maria Olivia Pereira ◽  
Saif Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Adherence Pattern ◽  
K 12

scholarly journals Biofilm Formation Potential of Heat-Resistant Escherichia coli Dairy Isolates and the Complete Genome of Multidrug-Resistant, Heat-Resistant Strain FAM21845

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Marti ◽  
Michael Schmid ◽  
Sandra Kulli ◽  
Kerstin Schneeberger ◽  
Javorka Naskova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Osmotic Shock ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Formation Potential ◽  
Conjugative Plasmids ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Initial Adhesion

ABSTRACT We tested the biofilm formation potential of 30 heat-resistant and 6 heat-sensitive Escherichia coli dairy isolates. Production of curli and cellulose, static biofilm formation on polystyrene (PS) and stainless steel surfaces, biofilm formation under dynamic conditions (Bioflux), and initial adhesion rates (IAR) were evaluated. Biofilm formation varied greatly between strains, media, and assays. Our results highlight the importance of the experimental setup in determining biofilm formation under conditions of interest, as correlation between different assays was often not a given. The heat-resistant, multidrug-resistant (MDR) strain FAM21845 showed the strongest biofilm formation on PS and the highest IAR and was the only strain that formed significant biofilms on stainless steel under conditions relevant to the dairy industry, and it was therefore fully sequenced. Its chromosome is 4.9 Mb long, and it harbors a total of five plasmids (147.2, 54.2, 5.8, 2.5, and 1.9 kb). The strain carries a broad range of genes relevant to antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation, including some on its two large conjugative plasmids, as demonstrated in plate mating assays. IMPORTANCE In biofilms, cells are embedded in an extracellular matrix that protects them from stresses, such as UV radiation, osmotic shock, desiccation, antibiotics, and predation. Biofilm formation is a major bacterial persistence factor of great concern in the clinic and the food industry. Many tested strains formed strong biofilms, and especially strains such as the heat-resistant, MDR strain FAM21845 may pose a serious issue for food production. Strong biofilm formation combined with diverse resistances (some encoded on conjugative plasmids) may allow for increased persistence, coselection, and possible transfer of these resistance factors. Horizontal gene transfer may conceivably occur in the food production setting or the gastrointestinal tract after consumption.

scholarly journals Single- and Dual-Species Biofilm Formation by Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella, and Their Susceptibility to an Engineered Peptide WK2

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2510
Author(s):  
Zhi Ma ◽  
Xia Tang ◽  
Kim Stanford ◽  
Xiaolong Chen ◽  
Tim A. McAllister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Protein Labeling ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Salmonella enterica are important foodborne pathogens capable of forming both single- and multi-species biofilms. In this study, the mono- and dual-species biofilms were formed by STEC O113:H21 and Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis 10708 on stainless steel in the presence of beef juice over 5 d at 22 °C. The dual-species biofilm mass was substantially (p < 0.05) greater than that produced by STEC O113:H21 or S. Choleraesuis 10708 alone. However, numbers (CFU/mL) of S. Choleraesuis 10708 or STEC O113:H21 cells in the dual-species biofilm were (p < 0.05) lower than their respective counts in single-species biofilms. In multi-species biofilms, the sensitivity of S. Choleraesuis 10708 to the antimicrobial peptide WK2 was reduced, but it was increased for STEC O113:H21. Visualization of the temporal and spatial development of dual-species biofilms using florescent protein labeling confirmed that WK2 reduced cell numbers within biofilms. Collectively, our results highlight the potential risk of cross-contamination by multi-species biofilms to food safety and suggest that WK2 may be developed as a novel antimicrobial or sanitizer for the control of biofilms on stainless steel.

Antimicrobial and biofilm-disrupting nanostructured TiO2 coating demonstrating photoactivity and dark activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 368 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alibe Wasa ◽  
Johann G Land ◽  
Rukmini Gorthy ◽  
Susan Krumdieck ◽  
Catherine Bishop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Coating ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Materials ◽  
Antimicrobial Material ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT Antimicrobial materials are tools used to reduce the transmission of infectious microorganisms. Photo-illuminated titania (TiO2) is a known antimicrobial material. Used as a coating on door handles and similar surfaces, it may reduce viability and colonization by pathogens and limit their spread. We tested the survival of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on a nano-structured TiO2-based thin film, called ‘NsARC’, and on stainless steel under a variety of light wavelengths and intensities. There was significantly less survival (P &lt;0.001) of all the organisms tested on NsARC compared to inert uncoated stainless steel under all conditions. NsARC was active in the dark and possible mechanisms for this are suggested. NsARC inhibited biofilm formation as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. These results suggest that NsARC can be used as a self-cleaning and self-sterilizing antimicrobial surface coating for the prevention and reduction in the spread of potentially infectious microbes.

Attachment and Biofilm Formation by Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Stainless Steel as Influenced by Exopolysaccharide Production, Nutrient Availability, and Temperature

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 2123-2131 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEE-HOON RYU ◽  
HOIKYUNG KIM ◽  
LARRY R. BEUCHAT
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Strain Atcc ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Nutrient Environment ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

The influence of exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, nutrient availability, and temperature on attachment and biofilm formation by Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains ATCC 43895 (wild type) and 43895-EPS (extensive EPS-producing mutant) on stainless steel coupons (SSCs) was investigated. Cells grown on heated lettuce juice agar and modified tryptic soy agar were suspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). SSCs were immersed in the cell suspension (109 CFU/ml) at 4°C for 24 h. Biofilm formation by cells attached to SSCs as affected by immersing in 10% tryptic soy broth (TSB), lettuce juice broth (LJB), and minimal salts broth (MSB) at 12 and 22°C was studied. A significantly lower number of strain 43895-EPS cells, compared to strain ATCC 43895 cells, attached to SSCs during a 24-h incubation (4°C) period in PBS suspension. Neither strain formed a biofilm on SSCs subsequently immersed in 10% TSB or LJB, but both strains formed biofilms in MSB. Populations of attached cells and planktonic cells of strain ATCC 43895 gradually decreased during incubation for 6 days in LJB at 22°C, but populations of strain 43895-EPS remained constant for 6 days at 22°C, indicating that the EPS-producing mutant, compared to the wild-type strain, has a higher tolerance to the low-nutrient environment presented by LJB. It is concluded that EPS production by E. coli O157:H7 inhibits attachment to SSCs and that reduced nutrient availability enhances biofilm formation. Biofilms formed under conditions favorable for EPS production may protect E. coli O157:H7 against sanitizers used to decontaminate lettuce and produce processing environments. Studies are under way to test this hypothesis.

Comparative Evaluation of Biofilm Formation and Tolerance to a Chemical Shock of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. MAROUANI-GADRI ◽  
D. CHASSAING ◽  
B. CARPENTIER
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Parental Strain ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Model Strain

Seven Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains, three pathogenic (including epidemic EDL933 and Sakai) and four nonpathogenic (including mutants of EDL933 and Sakai), were compared to find a model strain to avoid the use of European third-class biological agents in biofilm studies. Comparison was performed on attached populations reached at the end of growth in eight environmental conditions defined as the combinations of three two-level factors: (i) culture medium composed of meat exudate and glucose-supplemented minimal salts medium (MSM), (ii) growth temperatures of 15 and 25°C, and (iii) materials of stainless steel and polyurethane. The influence of each of these four factors (strain, medium, temperature, and material) often depended on the level of at least one of the others. Exudate produced attached populations that were larger than or similar to those obtained with MSM, except for EDL933 mutant at 15°C. When exudate led to larger populations than did MSM, the highest differences of up to 1.8 log CFU/cm2 were observed with the nonepidemic strains grown at 25°C. Populations of these strains were not significantly different in any of the conditions studied, but they were different from the epidemic strains in some conditions. No nonpathogenic mutant was representative of its parental strain. Furthermore, the Sakai mutant biofilm was significantly more reduced than its parental strain was after chemical shock. It is therefore not possible to find a surrogate of either EDL933 or Sakai, and it is advisable that main results be validated on a pathogenic strain whenever nonpathogenic strains are used.

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