scholarly journals Evaluation of miR-21 Expression Level in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Gastric Mucosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Noohi ◽  
Mojdeh Hakemi-Vala ◽  
Jamileh Nowroozi ◽  
Seyed Reza Fatemi ◽  
Mehrouz Dezfulian
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Mucosal Tissues ◽  
Dyspeptic Symptoms ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
U6 Gene

Background: Gastric cancer is one of the main causes of death worldwide. In this regard, Helicobacter pylori infection is considered as the main risk factor for gastric cancer. MicroRNA (mirNA) can interface with mRNA molecules as well as blocking their translation into proteins or inducing degradation. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the expression of mir-21 in biopsy samples of gastritis and healthy adjacent tissues. Methods: Between Feb-Dec 2017, 70 patients with dyspeptic symptoms from Taleghani Hospital were enrolled in this study. Accordingly, the expression level of mir-21 was evaluated using semi-quantitative RT-PCR in mucosal biopsy samples from those well-characterized patients. Moreover, the U6 gene was used as an internal control. Results: Our data indicated that mir-21 expression was significantly up-regulated in the infected samples with H. pylori compared to healthy samples. Conclusions: Our results confirm that H. pylori infection can alter the expression of mir-21 in gastric epithelial cells and gastric mucosal tissues. However, the exact role of the miRNA changes in H. pylori infection will require further experiments.

scholarly journals Systems Modeling of the Role of Interleukin-21 in the Maintenance of Effector CD4+ T Cell Responses during Chronic Helicobacter pylori Infection

mBio ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adria Carbo ◽  
Danyvid Olivares-Villagómez ◽  
Raquel Hontecillas ◽  
Josep Bassaganya-Riera ◽  
Rupesh Chaturvedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interleukin 21 ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Deficient Mice

ABSTRACTThe development of gastritis duringHelicobacter pyloriinfection is dependent on an activated adaptive immune response orchestrated by T helper (Th) cells. However, the relative contributions of the Th1 and Th17 subsets to gastritis and control of infection are still under investigation. To investigate the role of interleukin-21 (IL-21) in the gastric mucosa duringH. pyloriinfection, we combined mathematical modeling of CD4+T cell differentiation within vivomechanistic studies. We infected IL-21-deficient and wild-type mice withH. pyloristrain SS1 and assessed colonization, gastric inflammation, cellular infiltration, and cytokine profiles. ChronicallyH. pylori-infected IL-21-deficient mice had higherH. pyloricolonization, significantly less gastritis, and reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines compared to these parameters in infected wild-type littermates. Thesein vivodata were used to calibrate anH. pyloriinfection-dependent, CD4+T cell-specific computational model, which then described the mechanism by which IL-21 activates the production of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and IL-17 during chronicH. pyloriinfection. The model predicted activated expression of T-bet and RORγt and the phosphorylation of STAT3 and STAT1 and suggested a potential role of IL-21 in the modulation of IL-10. Driven by our modeling-derived predictions, we found reduced levels of CD4+splenocyte-specifictbx21androrcexpression, reduced phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3, and an increase in CD4+T cell-specific IL-10 expression inH. pylori-infected IL-21-deficient mice. Our results indicate that IL-21 regulates Th1 and Th17 effector responses during chronicH. pyloriinfection in a STAT1- and STAT3-dependent manner, therefore playing a major role controllingH. pyloriinfection and gastritis.IMPORTANCEHelicobacter pyloriis the dominant member of the gastric microbiota in more than 50% of the world’s population.H. pyloricolonization has been implicated in gastritis and gastric cancer, as infection withH. pyloriis the single most common risk factor for gastric cancer. Current data suggest that, in addition to bacterial virulence factors, the magnitude and types of immune responses influence the outcome of colonization and chronic infection. This study uses a combined computational and experimental approach to investigate how IL-21, a proinflammatory T cell-derived cytokine, maintains the chronic proinflammatory T cell immune response driving chronic gastritis duringH. pyloriinfection. This research will also provide insight into a myriad of other infectious and immune disorders in which IL-21 is increasingly recognized to play a central role. The use of IL-21-related therapies may provide treatment options for individuals chronically colonized withH. pylorias an alternative to aggressive antibiotics.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori bacteremia: an unusual finding

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Concetta De Luca ◽  
Annalisa Mancin ◽  
Maria Calabrò ◽  
Cristina Daleno ◽  
Antonella Ferrario ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Subtotal Gastrectomy ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Stomach Surgery ◽  
Unusual Finding

We report a case of <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> transient bacteremia in a woman with ulcerated antral gastric cancer. The patient was hospitalized for laparoscopy and subtotal gastrectomy. After surgery she developed fever (39°C) and was empirically treated with levofloxacin. Blood cultures, collected and sent immediately to Laboratory, were positive for a spiral Gramnegative bacterium. This isolate was identified as <em>H. pylori</em> and the specific susceptibility test was performed. One day after the fever was decreased but antibiotic treatment with levofloxacin was continued and it was maintained until discharge. In summary, <em>H. pylori</em> transient bacteremia may occur as a rare complication after stomach surgery. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the potential role of <em>H</em>. <em>pylori</em> presence in blood.

scholarly journals Los genes como marcadores de riesgo en cáncer gástrico: revisión de estudios en población colombiana

Respuestas ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Claudia Marcela Yáñez-Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Human Gene ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Cáncer Gástrico

 El objetivo de esta revisión, fue identificar el rol de los genes como marcadores de riesgo en cáncer gástrico (CG) en población colombiana. Se revisaron publicaciones de investigaciones realizadas en los últimos diez años, utilizando las bases MEDLINE y LILACS y complementando  la pesquisa con la bibliografía relevante de los artículos. Se encontraron estudios en busca de asociación de CG con polimorfismos de varios genes humanos involucrados en la respuesta inmune, la desintoxicación y el supresor p53. En Colombia al igual que en otros países, las evidencias de asociación de polimorfismos genéticos con CG son aún controversiales, debido a la variación de los resultados que arrojan los estudios en las diferentes poblaciones. El genoma de las cepas de Helicobacter pylori que infectan población colombiana también ha sido investigado en búsqueda de polimorfismos de virulencia. El genotipo cagA/vacAs1m1 identificado como citotóxico en esta bacteria, mostró en la mayoría de las investigaciones, asociación con CG. La evidencia de asociación de CG con factores genéticos en población colombiana no es concluyente. Está lejos aún, la identificación de marcadores genéticos que permitan predecir el riesgo a desarrollar CG. A pesar de ello, algunos polimorfismos de genes humanos como los de IL-1 o los de algunas enzimas desintoxicantes, así como los genes cagA y vacA de Helicobacter pylori podrían ser candidatos a futuros marcadores de riesgo en esta neoplasia.Palabras clave: cáncer gástrico, riesgo, genotipo, Colombia. ABSTRACT  The objective of this review was to identify the role of genes as risk markers in gastric cancer (GC) in Colombian population studies. The study reviewed research publications in the last ten years, using the MEDLINE and LILACS, as well as various literature research of relevant articles. Searching studies found GC association with several human gene polymorphisms involved in the immune response, detoxification and suppressor p53. In Colombia, as in other countries, the evidence of the association of genetic polymorphisms with GC are still controversial because of the variation in results that studies in different populations. The genome of Helicobacter pylori strains that infect Colombian population has also been investigated in search of polymorphisms of virulence. cagA/ vacAs1m1 genotype identified as cytotoxic in this bacterium, demonstrated most of the research associated with GC. Evidence of association of GC with Colombian population genetic factors was inconclusive. It is yet to be determined the exact identification of genetic markers that can predict the risk of developing GC. However, some human gene polymorphisms as IL-1 or some detoxifying enzymes and the vacA and cagA of H. pylori could be candidates for future risk markers in these tumors.Keywords: gastric cancer, risk, genotype, Colombia

scholarly journals The Human Gastric Pathogen Helicobacter pylori and Its Association with Gastric Cancer and Ulcer Disease

Ulcers ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Bauer ◽  
Thomas F. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
H Pylori

With the momentous discovery in the 1980's that a bacterium, Helicobacter pylori, can cause peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer, antibiotic therapies and prophylactic measures have been successful, only in part, in reducing the global burden of these diseases. To date, ~700,000 deaths worldwide are still attributable annually to gastric cancer alone. Here, we review H. pylori's contribution to the epidemiology and histopathology of both gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease. Furthermore, we examine the host-pathogen relationship and H. pylori biology in context of these diseases, focusing on strain differences, virulence factors (CagA and VacA), immune activation and the challenges posed by resistance to existing therapies. We consider also the important role of host-genetic variants, for example, in inflammatory response genes, in determining infection outcome and the role of H. pylori in other pathologies—some accepted, for example, MALT lymphoma, and others more controversial, for example, idiopathic thrombocytic purpura. More recently, intriguing suggestions that H. pylori has protective effects in GERD and autoimmune diseases, such as asthma, have gained momentum. Therefore, we consider the basis for these suggestions and discuss the potential impact for future therapeutic rationales.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori Eradication in Patients Undergoing Gastrectomy: Diagnosis and Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-209
Author(s):  
Youn I Choi ◽  
Jun-Won Chung
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Remnant Stomach ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Eradication ◽  
Metachronous Gastric Cancer ◽  
H Pylori

The role of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) eradication in patients undergoing gastrectomy for gastric cancer is unclear. Although European and Asian guidelines strongly recommend <i>H. pylori</i> eradication in patients who undergo endoscopic resection for early gastric cancer, these guidelines do not specify the tests useful for diagnosing <i>H. pylori</i> infection, the optimal timing and appropriate eradication regimens, and follow-up strategies in patients undergoing gastrectomy for gastric cancer. This review aims to update the guidelines for the diagnosis and management of <i>H. pylori</i> infection in patients undergoing gastrectomy for gastric cancer. We have focused on the following issues: 1) diagnostic tests for <i>H. pylori</i> infection in the remnant stomach, 2) optimal timing and regimen for <i>H. pylori</i> eradication, and 3) role of <i>H. pylori</i> eradication in reducing the risk of metachronous gastric cancer in the remnant stomach.

scholarly journals Gastric Cancer and Associated Pathogens: Is There Any Association in Moroccan Region?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samia Alaoui Boukhris ◽  
Mounia El khadir ◽  
Safae Karim ◽  
Tiatou Souho ◽  
Dafr-Allah Benajah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Purpose: Helicobacter pylori, Epstein-Barr virus and human papillomavirus are three pathogens associated with various human cancers. This study aimed to investigate the role of these pathogens in gastric cancer in Moroccan population Methods: For this, a retrospective study has been conducted on participants attending the gastroenterology department of Hassan II University Hospital of Fez. A total of 279 participants were enrolled. H. pylori, EBV and HPV were detected and genotyped by PCR.Results: A significant association has been established between H. pylori, EBV and gastric cancer. 93.4% and 43.3% of gastric cancer cases are related to H. pylori and EBV respectively (p≤0.01). H. pylori-EBV co-infection is responsible of 31.6% of gastric cancer cases (p<0.01). Correlation between pathogens genotypes and gastric cancer shows 55.6% of GC EBV positives are carrying the 30bp deletion in LMP1gene, while 16% of gastric cancers cases are carrying high-risk genotypes of HPV (p=0.21). Conclusion: The obtained results highlight the possible role of co-infection in gastric cancer development.

scholarly journals Zak Gene֝s Expression in Patients With Helicobacter Pylori Infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delniya Khani ◽  
Manouchehr Ahmadi Hedayati ◽  
Farshad Sheikhesmaeili ◽  
Roghaie Ghadiany ◽  
Sherko Nasseri
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: ZAK protein is a member of the MLK family proteins defined as mediators in the cell cycle. A survey of zak gene expression in gastric antral epithelial cells (GAECs) of gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma patients with Helicobacter pylori genotypes infection can elucidate carcinogenesis of H. pylori genotypes.Methods: In a case-control study, zak gene expression was evaluated in GAECs biopsy samples of gastritis patients with (n 23) and without H. pylori infection (n 27) and gastric adenocarcinoma patients with (n 21) and without (n 32) H. pylori infection. The zak gene expression was measured using the relative Real-Time RT PCR.Results: zak gene expression was higher in GAECs of gastritis cancer than in gastric adenocarcinoma, indicating the protective effect of ZAK against gastric cancer (p< 0.005). Conclusion: Reducing zak gene expression has the negative corelations with H. pylori infection and gastric adenocarcinoma.

scholarly journals Detoxification of 7-Dehydrocholesterol Fatal to Helicobacter pylori Is a Novel Role of Cholesterol Glucosylation

2012 ◽  
Vol 195 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirofumi Shimomura ◽  
Kouichi Hosoda ◽  
David J. McGee ◽  
Shunji Hayashi ◽  
Kenji Yokota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mucosal Tissues ◽  
Gene Mutant ◽  
A Cell ◽  
H Pylori

ABSTRACTThe glucosylation of free cholesterol (FC) byHelicobacter pyloricells has various biological significances for the survival of this bacterium.H. pyloricells with glucosylated FC are capable of evading host immune systems, such as phagocytosis by macrophages and activation of antigen-specific T cells, and surviving in the gastric mucosal tissues for long periods. An additional role of cholesterol glucosylation in the survival ofH. pyloriwhich is distinct from the role of escaping the host immune system, however, has yet to be identified. This study demonstrated that 7-dehydrocholesterol (7dFC), an FC precursor, is a toxic compound fatal toH. pyloricells, but the cell membrane ofH. pyloriis capable of absorbing this toxic sterol via glucosylation. In contrast to the case with 7dFC, no toxicity toH. pyloricells was detected from the glucosylated 7dFC. In addition,cgtgene mutantH. pyloricells that cannot glucosylate cholesterols had higher susceptibility to the toxic action of 7dFC than wild-typeH. pyloricells. These results indicate that thecgtgene product ofH. pyloriserves to detoxify the sterol fatal to this bacterium and to permit this toxic sterol as a cell membrane lipid component. In summary, this study defined a novel role of cholesterol glucosylation inH. pylori.

Detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer tissue through histopathology, immunohistochemistry and real-time reverse transcription-PCR

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1131-1137
Author(s):  
Carlos A Castaneda ◽  
Miluska Castillo ◽  
Joselyn Sanchez ◽  
Sandro Casavilca ◽  
Juvenal Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Gastric Cancer Tissue ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
H Pylori

Aim: Helicobacter pylori is usually detected based on hematoxylin–eosin (H–E) features, but, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) are more precise in chronic-gastritis. We evaluated the relevance of these tests in Peruvian gastric cancer samples. Materials & methods: We performed and evaluated H–E, IHC staining and RT-PCR in 288 gastric tumors. Slides were independently evaluated by three pathologists. Results: H. pylori was detected in 167/287 through H–E, 140/288 through IHC and 175/288 through RT-PCR, and positive-status were associated (p < 0.001). H. pylori detection by H–E had a good concordance with IHC (kappa index = 0.632) but poor with RT-PCR (kappa index = 0.317). Higher median gene-copies were found in high H. pylori density through H–E or IHC (p < 0.001). Conclusion: H–E evaluation is accurate in gastric cancer, and IHC and RT-PCR can complement its results.

scholarly journals Helicobacter Pylori Infection And Gastric Cancer: Is It Our National Problem?

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Shahjadul Alam ◽  
Abu Mohammad Khaled Iqbal ◽  
Md Monoar Hossain ◽  
Abu Mohammad Kawser Sarker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Large Body ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The Common ◽  
H Pylori

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. In Bangladesh it ranks a leading position among the cancers patients. A large body of evidence supports a causal role of Helicobacter pylori in the majority of gastric malignancies. Scientists throughout the world explored and reached to the understanding about the pathogenesis of their relationship, but much remains to be learned. Moreover, because of the high prevalence of infection, the lack of definitive trials, and the challenges of H. pylori treatment, there remains a debate regarding the consensus on the role of routine screening and treatment of this infection to prevent cancer. This article reviews the current knowledge on H. pylori and its role for gastric cancer, present status of Bangladesh and a recommendation for reduction of the infectivity among the common population.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2018; 36(2): 70-76

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