scholarly journals The Diagnostic Value of the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values Derived from Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Differentiating the Types of Metastatic Brain Tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Haghighatkhah ◽  
Mina Yousefi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Metastatic Brain Tumors ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
And Diffusion

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Optic Neuritis

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zareen Fatima ◽  
Utaroh Motosugi ◽  
Ali Muhi ◽  
Masaaki Hori ◽  
Keiichi Ishigame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Optic Nerves ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values ◽  
Apparent Diffusion

Purpose To evaluate imaging characteristics of optic nerves by using magnetic resonance imaging, especially diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient measurements in acute and chronic phases of optic neuritis (ON). Materials and Methods A retrospective study was conducted by using records of 14 patients with clinically suspected acute ON (15 nerves), 5 chronic ON (7 nerves), and 11 normal volunteers with no eye symptoms were used as controls. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed by a 1.5T scanner. Affected nerves were evaluated for sizes, signal characteristics on DWI and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), contrast enhancement, and apparent diffusion coefficient values. Visually assessed characteristics were compared between the acute and chronic, whereas apparent diffusion coefficient values were assessed among acute ON, chronic ON, and the control groups by using the Fisher exact test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results There were significant differences in the diameter of the optic nerves, hyperintensity on DWI, and enhancement characteristics on post-enhanced images in acute and chronic phases of ON ( P = .0001, P < .0001, and P = .0022, respectively), apparent diffusion coefficient values of the optic nerves in acute ON, chronic ON, and control groups also differed significantly from each other. Conclusion In conclusion, DWI can add valuable information in assessment of damage to nerve and neuronal barriers and thus in predicting recovery in cases of ON.

Quantitative brain histogram of canine epilepsy using magnetic resonance imaging

2020 ◽  
pp. 028418512091403
Author(s):  
Somkiat Huaijantug ◽  
Paranee Yatmark ◽  
Phanupong Chinnabrut ◽  
Nutruja Rueangsawat ◽  
Avirut Wongkumlue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Idiopathic Epilepsy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
The Brain

Background Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to study the anatomy of the brain in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy. Purpose To quantitate MRI images in terms of volumetric ratios and histogram analyses of the following regions of interest (ROI) in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy: frontal; parietal; temporal; piriform; thalamic; and hippocampal regions. Material and Methods Nine dogs with epilepsy and four healthy controls were evaluated. We examined the volumetric ratios and histogram analyses of six ROIs in all dogs. Results MR images, in T1-weighted, T2-weighted, FLAIR, diffusion-weighted imaging, and apparent diffusion coefficient sequences detected changes in 4/9 (44%) epileptic dogs found in 5/6 regions: frontal; parietal; temporal; piriform; and hippocampal regions. However, no such changes were observed in the thalamic region. Interestingly, the frontal and piriform volumetric ratios of epileptic dogs were significantly lower than those of control dogs. The histogram analyses in 4/6 regions were significantly increased in epileptic dogs. Conclusion Our results demonstrated MRI finding abnormalities in several regions of the brain in several sequences including T1-weighted, T2-weighted, FLAIR, diffusion-weighted imaging, and apparent diffusion coefficient in epileptic dogs. In several regions of the brain, atrophy may exist, and hyperintensity may be present on MR images in epileptic dogs. These findings suggest that the diagnostic yield of MRI, which is an advanced neuroimaging technique, is high in epileptic dogs and has good reliability and sensitivity in detecting abnormal areas in patients.

scholarly journals The accuracy of pelvic magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of ovarian malignancy in Iraqi patients in comparison with histopathology

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-207
Author(s):  
Saba Q . Issa ◽  
Khaleel I. Mohson ◽  
Nawras K. Fadhil
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Adnexal Mass ◽  
Ovarian Malignancy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Solid Part

Background: Ovarian malignancy is considered to score the highest fatality among women due to lack of significant symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment lead to good prognosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a major role in the diagnosis by detecting the lesions and assessing their appearance and consistency. Objective: To determine the accuracy of MRI in the diagnosis of ovarian malignancy and comparing this to histopathology as a gold standard test. Patients and methods: A follow up study was conducted in the MRI unit of the Radiology Department in Baghdad Teaching Hospital / Baghdad Medical City Complex during the period from 1st of February to 31st of December, 2017 on a group of thirty women with clinically suspected adnexal mass(es). All patients were examined with MRI including the diffusion-weighted imaging. Surgical specimens were taken for histopathology assessment. Results: A total of 30 women with adnexal mass were included in this study, with a mean age of 46.8±14.9 years. The MRI T1W image of the cystic part was dark in (60%), while the T2W image of the cystic part was bright (80%), T2W of the solid part was bright in (53.3%), T2W fat saturation of the solid part was bright in the majority (73.3%). T1W fat suppression contrast-enhanced of the solid part was avid in 66.7% of women with an adnexal mass; DWI of the solid part was bright in (76.7%). The mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value by MRI for women with adnexal mass was 0.9±0.3x103 mm2/sec. Histopathology mainly revealed mucinous cystadenocarcinoma in (10%) and low-grade serous adenocarcinoma in (10%).Validity of the results of MRI regarding malignant adnexal mass were sensitivity (90.9%), specificity (75%), +ve predictive value (90.9%), -ve predictive value (75%) and accuracy (86.6%). The appropriate cutoff value for apparent diffusion coefficient in differentiation between malignant and benign adnexal mass was 0.97 with 100% sensitivity and 90.9% specificity. Conclusions: MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging is a valid and reliable technique in the diagnosis and characterization of ovarian malignancy.

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