The Dark Side of YouTube: A Systematic Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Hattingh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Health Messages ◽  
Music Videos ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Use Of Social Media

The prolific use of social media platforms, such as YouTube, has paved the way for the potential consumption of inappropriate content that targets the vulnerable, especially impressionable adolescents. The systematic review of literature has identified 24 papers that focused on the “dark side” of YouTube for adolescent users. The analysis showed that eight themes emerged: the glamorization of smoking, the promotion of alcohol use, videos that focused on body image/health, videos on bullying, self-harm/suicide, advertising, drugs and general vulnerabilities. The results revealed that videos that contain smoking and alcohol frequently feature sexualized imagery. Smoking videos also frequently feature violence. Smoking and alcohol are also often featured in music videos. The analysis also showed that researchers call for awareness, more strict advertising guidelines and promotion of health messages especially in terms of body image/health, self-harm/suicide and bullying. It is recommended that parents regulate the YouTube consumption of their younger adolescent children, as children do not always understand the risks associated with the content consumed, or might get desensitized against the risks associated with the content.

Likes, retweets, and polarization

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Kaylor
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
Church Leaders ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Public Dialogue ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Aggressive Communication ◽  
Use Of Social Media

A key part of today’s polarized society is the polarized and polarizing world of social media. Although social media platforms bring the potential of more democratic involvement, greater public dialogue, and faster flow of news and information, the dark side of such Web 2.0 platforms also should concern church leaders and theologians. Already-existing polarization in society leads to a polarized use of social media as individuals seek like-minded online communities. Social media, however, also adds to that polarization by providing echo chambers, and features of social media encourage speed over accuracy and more aggressive communication. Three ways in which social media both represents and adds to polarization in politics, society, and churches are balkanization, as people separate into homogenous, polarized communities, the speeding nature of communication that allows inaccurate and overly emotional information to spread, and the flaming that occurs as anonymity and depersonalization of these communication platforms encourage aggressive and even violent rhetoric.

scholarly journals Determinants of Infodemics During Disease Outbreaks: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Alvarez-Galvez ◽  
Victor Suarez-Lledo ◽  
Antonio Rojas-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Healthy Habits ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Use Of Social Media

Background: The widespread use of social media represents an unprecedented opportunity for health promotion. We have more information and evidence-based health related knowledge, for instance about healthy habits or possible risk behaviors. However, these tools also carry some disadvantages since they also open the door to new social and health risks, in particular during health emergencies. This systematic review aims to study the determinants of infodemics during disease outbreaks, drawing on both quantitative and qualitative methods.Methods: We searched research articles in PubMed, Scopus, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Sociological abstracts, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Additional research works were included by searching bibliographies of electronically retrieved review articles.Results: Finally, 42 studies were included in the review. Five determinants of infodemics were identified: (1) information sources; (2) online communities' structure and consensus; (3) communication channels (i.e., mass media, social media, forums, and websites); (4) messages content (i.e., quality of information, sensationalism, etc.,); and (5) context (e.g., social consensus, health emergencies, public opinion, etc.). Studied selected in this systematic review identified different measures to combat misinformation during outbreaks.Conclusion: The clarity of the health promotion messages has been proven essential to prevent the spread of a particular disease and to avoid potential risks, but it is also fundamental to understand the network structure of social media platforms and the emergency context where misinformation might dynamically evolve. Therefore, in order to prevent future infodemics, special attention will need to be paid both to increase the visibility of evidence-based knowledge generated by health organizations and academia, and to detect the possible sources of mis/disinformation.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Social Media Integration to Teach Speaking

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9047
Author(s):  
Emily John ◽  
Melor Md Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Speaking Skills

The ubiquitous nature of social media (SM) makes it a very essential tool to use in the world of education, especially with the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic which has led to a paradigm shift in the approaches used in the teaching and learning of English language skills. This review focuses on the use of social media as a medium of instruction to aid the acquisition of speaking skills, which many learners find extremely challenging and inhibiting. Thus, this systematic review investigates the integration of social media in the teaching and learning of speaking skills. To ensure the systematic analysis of the selected articles, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines were utilized. A total of 36 peer-reviewed journal articles from the year 2016 to 2021 were accessed from two databases: ERIC and Google Scholar. Prior to the start of the review, an inclusion and exclusion criteria selection process was conducted to ensure the focus of the review. Overall, the articles reviewed presented the claim that the integration of social media is seen as a positive inclusion for the teaching of speaking skills using various social media applications. Findings reveal that there are improvements in speaking skills, as well as confidence to speak and a decline in speaking anxiety. Teachers and educators can now make use of the various social media platforms such as Telegram, Facebook, WhatsApp, and others to provide learners with more practice that is not only restricted to the classroom but has moved beyond it.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Penggunaan Media Sosial dalam Pemasaran Rumah Sakit: Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fahriza SA ◽  
Pujiyanto Pujiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Brand Image ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Global Brand ◽  
Important Benefit ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Hospital Marketing

Abstrak Latar Belakang : Pada awal tahun 2020, jumlah pengguna media sosial di seluruh dunia telah melampaui angka 3,8 miliar. Banyak organisasi layanan kesehatan menggunakan media sosial. Pada tahun 2014, 94% rumah sakit menggunakan media sosial. Saat ini, jumlah rumah sakit yang menggunakan media sosial untuk komunikasi dan pemasaran semakin meningkat. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk mengkaji penggunaan media sosial dalam bidang pemasaran di rumah sakit. Metode: Kajian sistematis ini menggunakan metode PRISMA, mengkaji artikel yang dipublikasi tahun 2016 - 2020. Sumber artikel penelitian mengenai penggunaan media sosial dalam bidang pemasaran di rumah sakit didapatkan dengan pencarian menggunakan kata kunci “social media” dikombinasikan dengan kata kunci “hospital” dan “marketing" atau “hospital marketing” dan melalui database pencarian Google Scholar dan PubMed. Mendeley digunakan untuk menyusun dan mengevaluasi judul beserta abstrak, mengidentifikasi dan menghapus artikel yang ganda. Hasil: Sebanyak 13 artikel dipilih untuk kajian sistematis. Hasilnya diklasifikasikan dan dilaporkan berdasarkan dua kategori, yaitu jenis platform dan efektivitasnya berupa manfaat dari penggunaannya. Jenis platform yang paling sering digunakan adalah Facebook kemudiaan diikuti dengan Twitter dan Instagram. Sedangkan manfaat terpenting adalah pengembangan strategi pemasaran (marketing) yang optimal. Kesimpulan: Platform media sosial telah menjadi keharusan bagi suatu rumah sakit untuk pemasaran dan promosi saat ini serta mampu menciptakan brand image secara global terkait efektivitas penggunaannya yang dapat mempengaruhi reputasi rumah sakit. Effectiveness of Use of Social Media Inmarketing Hospital: Systematic Review Abstract Background:  At the beginning of 2020, the number of social media users worldwide has surpassed the 3.8 billion mark. Many health care organizations use social media. In 2014, 94% of hospitals used social media. Currently, the number of hospitals using social media for communication and marketing is increasing. The purpose of this study is to examine the use of social media in marketing in hospitals. Methods: This systematic study uses the PRISMA method, reviewing articles published in 2016 - 2020. Sources of research articles on the use of social media in the field of marketing in hospitals are obtained by searching using the keyword “social media” combined with the keywords “hospital” and “marketing” or “hospital marketing. "And through the Google Scholar and PubMed search databases. Mendeley was used to compile and evaluate titles and abstracts, to identify and remove duplicate articles. Results: A total of 13 articles were selected for a systematic review. The results are classified and reported based on two categories, namely the type of platform and its effectiveness in the form of benefits from its use. The type of platform most often used is Facebook followed by Twitter and Instagram. Meanwhile, the most important benefit is the development of an optimal marketing strategy. Conclusion: Social media platforms have become a must for hospitals for marketing and promotion today and can create a global brand image regarding their effectiveness in use which can affect the hospital's reputation.

scholarly journals Preserving professional identities, behaviors, and values in digital professionalism using social networking sites; a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaista Salman Guraya ◽  
Salman Yousuf Guraya ◽  
Muhamad Saiful Bahri Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Professional Identities ◽  
Professional Behaviors ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Use Of Social Media

Abstract Background Despite a rapid rise of use of social media in medical disciplines, uncertainty prevails among healthcare professionals for providing medical content on social media. There are also growing concerns about unprofessional behaviors and blurring of professional identities that are undermining digital professionalism. This review tapped the literature to determine the impact of social media on medical professionalism and how can professional identities and values be maintained in digital era. Methods We searched the databases of PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and EBSCO host using (professionalism AND (professionalism OR (professional identity) OR (professional behaviors) OR (professional values) OR (professional ethics))) AND ((social media) AND ((social media) OR (social networking sites) OR Twitter OR Facebook)) AND (health professionals). The research questions were based on sample (health professionals), phenomenon of interest (digital professionalism), design, evaluation and research type. We screened initial yield of titles using pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria and selected a group of articles for qualitative analysis. We used the Biblioshiny® software package for the generation of popular concepts as clustered keywords. Results Our search yielded 44 articles with four leading themes; marked rise in the use of social media by healthcare professionals and students, negative impact of social media on digital professionalism, blurring of medical professional values, behaviors, and identity in the digital era, and limited evidence for teaching and assessing digital professionalism. A high occurrence of violation of patient privacy, professional integrity and cyberbullying were identified. Our search revealed a paucity of existing guidelines and policies for digital professionalism that can safeguard healthcare professionals, students and patients. Conclusions Our systematic review reports a significant rise of unprofessional behaviors in social media among healthcare professionals. We could not identify the desired professional behaviors and values essential for digital identity formation. The boundaries between personal and professional practices are mystified in digital professionalism. These findings call for potential educational ramifications to resurrect professional virtues, behaviors and identities of healthcare professionals and students.

scholarly journals Faculty Use of Author Identifiers and Researcher Networking Tools

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Y. Tran ◽  
Jennifer A. Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Research Impact ◽  
State University ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Research Networking ◽  
Faculty Surveys

This cross-sectional survey focused on faculty use and knowledge of author identifiers and researcher networking systems, and professional use of social media, at a large state university. Results from 296 completed faculty surveys representing all disciplines (9.3% response rate) show low levels of awareness and variable resource preferences. The most utilized author identifier was ORCID while ResearchGate, LinkedIn, and Google Scholar were the top profiling systems. Faculty also reported some professional use of social media platforms. The survey data will be utilized to improve library services and develop intra-institutional collaborations in scholarly communication, research networking, and research impact.

scholarly journals Social Media in an Emergency: Use of Social Media in Rescuing Abducted School Girls in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdullahi Maigari ◽  
Uthman Abdullahi Abdul-Qadir
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Social ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
School Girls ◽  
The Government ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Domestic Assistance

This paper examines the abduction of the schoolgirls in Chibok Local Government Area of Borno State, Nigeria in 2014. The paper examined how the abduction of the schoolgirls generated responses and support for the rescue of the abducted girls from people and organization from different parts of the globe. The Islamists terrorist organization operating in Borno State has attracted the attention of the world since 2009 when they started attacking government establishments and security installations northeast which later escalated to major cities in Northern Nigeria. Methodologically, the paper utilized secondary sources of data to analyze the phenomenon studied. The paper revealed that the development and innovations in information and communication technology which dismantled traditional and colonial boundaries enabled people to express support, solidarity and assist victims of conflict who resides millions of Kilometers away. This shows that Internet-based communications technology has reduced the distance of time and space that characterised traditional mass media. The campaign for the release of the schoolgirls on the social media platforms particularly Twitter and Facebook has tremendously contributed to the release of some of them. Furthermore, the girls freed from abduction have received proper attention: education and reintegration programmes which enable them to start post-abduction life. In this regard, social media has become a tool for supporting the government in moments of security challenges which the Bring Back Our Girls campaign attracted foreign and domestic assistance to Nigeria in the search of the abducted girls and the fight against the Islamist insurgents.

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