scholarly journals Erosion Quantification and Management: Southeastern Nigeria Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Chibuzor Okenmuo
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Indigenous Methods

Soil erosion in Southeastern Nigeria is assuming an unusual dimension despite efforts by successive governments to control the phenomenon. Agronomic activities on eroding surfaces can give rise to landscapes much different from the original. Research activities in erosion quantification, the findings and how their applications have contributed to soil erosion management are highlighted. A key factor is the community efforts which have been relegated to a top-down approach occasioned by land use, land tenure and technological changes. The system is often a preventive management approach which achieves ecological and economic benefits. This chapter also discusses the indigenous methods of soil conservation and proposes their inclusions for sustainable management. To manage soil erosion in the region, emphasis must be placed on preventive management rather than crisis-management. Such approach will ensure that fewer resources are expended and land is appropriately conserved. To this end, soil can play its many environmental roles adequately.

scholarly journals Mitigation of indirect environmental effects of GM crops

2007 ◽  
Vol 274 (1617) ◽  
pp. 1475-1479 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D Pidgeon ◽  
M.J May ◽  
J.N Perry ◽  
G.M Poppy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Environmental Harm ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Bow Tie

Currently, the UK has no procedure for the approval of novel agricultural practices that is based on environmental risk management principles. Here, we make a first application of the ‘bow-tie’ risk management approach in agriculture, for assessment of land use changes, in a case study of the introduction of genetically modified herbicide tolerant (GMHT) sugar beet. There are agronomic and economic benefits, but indirect environmental harm from increased weed control is a hazard. The Farm Scale Evaluation (FSE) trials demonstrated reduced broad-leaved weed biomass and seed production at the field scale. The simplest mitigation measure is to leave a proportion of rows unsprayed in each GMHT crop field. Our calculations, based on FSE data, show that a maximum of 2% of field area left unsprayed is required to mitigate weed seed production and 4% to mitigate weed biomass production. Tilled margin effects could simply be mitigated by increasing the margin width from 0.5 to 1.5 m. Such changes are cheap and simple to implement in farming practices. This case study demonstrates the usefulness of the bow-tie risk management approach and the transparency with which hazards can be addressed. If adopted generally, it would help to enable agriculture to adopt new practices with due environmental precaution.

The Case Study Method in Examining Land Registration Usage

GEOMATICA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Barry ◽  
Lani Roux
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Land Registration ◽  
Land Titling

The case study method is appropriate for examining how and why landholders choose to use or not use land registration to effect transactions after first registration. The paper covers two related approaches to building theory that explains land registration usage behaviour. The methodologies may be extended to examining usage of other forms of land tenure information system (LTIS). Land titling and registration projects have proliferated in the developing world since World War II, often motivated by the theory that economic benefits will flow from the capital vested in the land that is freed up as a consequence of registration. Many of these projects fail to produce the desired results because the intended beneficiaries do not register transactions after first registration. Surprisingly, few studies investigate the reasons for the failure of land titling projects from the perspective of the intended beneficiaries. The case study method is suited to examine the strategies that landholders use to secure transactions. The advantages of case studies are that they may include all the data the researcher deems relevant, they emphasise the local context, and certain phenomena may be examined more deeply than other methods of inquiry allow. In case studies, researchers can examine issues at the grassroots level while at the same time incorporating the influences of local politics, social change, land administration agency behaviour and the influence of local and national law and policy.

scholarly journals A proposal for modifying coppicing geometry in order to reduce soil erosion in the forest areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 12325
Author(s):  
Bartolomeo SCHIRONE ◽  
Pietro SALVANESCHI ◽  
Kevin CIANFAGLIONE ◽  
Massimo PECCI ◽  
Teodoro ANDRISANO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
Forest Logging ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
The Common ◽  
Soil Instability ◽  
Theoretical Results

A key factor to reduce soil erosion and soil instability is the conservation of forest areas. In the last years, in all Europe, forest logging has increased. The Italian situation is paradigmatic because more than 70% of the broadleaved forests are managed as coppices and new exploitations concerning biomass for energy production have tripled since 2001. The common coppicing method leaves standards uniformly distributed on the ground, but this geometry has proven to not play an effective role in soil erosion control. In this paper, we propose a different method for coppicing geometry, aimed to decrease the soil erosion risk. In particular, the theoretical framework of the model is presented here, employing the USLE framework and discussing a real case study, while the results of the experimental tests, which are in progress, will be discussed in future papers. The theoretical results seem to demonstrate the method’s validity, which is expected to reduce soil erosion amount in the range 29-42%.

Social Forestry in Environmentally Degraded Regions of India: Case-study of the Mayurakshi Basin

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandini Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Social Forestry ◽  
Fuel Wood

Social Forestry (SF) schemes have been implemented in India since the 1980s to combat deforestation, increase the supply of fuel-wood and fodder, and provide minor forest products for the rural populaton. The relevance of such Schemes in the Mayurakshi River Basin is basically due to its environmentally degraded state. Latterly the Basin has been brought under the Mayurakshi River Valley Project, but unless measures are undertaken to mitigate problems of soil erosion, the efficiency of the Project will be hampered.

scholarly journals Protocol for establishing an Adaptive Diseases control Expert Programme in Tanzania (ADEPT) for integrating care of communicable and non-communicable diseases using tuberculosis and diabetes as a case study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e041521
Author(s):  
Stellah G Mpagama ◽  
Kaushik Ramaiya ◽  
Troels Lillebæk ◽  
Blandina T Mmbaga ◽  
Marion Sumari-de Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operational Research ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Research Outcomes ◽  
The Government

IntroductionMost sub-Saharan African countries endure a high burden of communicable infections but also face a rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Interventions targeting particular epidemics are often executed within vertical programmes. We establish an Adaptive Diseases control Expert Programme in Tanzania (ADEPT) model with three domains; stepwise training approach, integration of communicable and NCDs and a learning system. The model aims to shift traditional vertical programmes to an adaptive diseases management approach through integrating communicable and NCDs using the tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) dual epidemic as a case study. We aim to describe the ADEPT protocol with underpinned implementation and operational research on TB/DM.Methods and analysisThe model implement a collaborative TB and DM services protocol as endorsed by WHO in Tanzania. Evaluation of the process and outcomes will follow the logic framework. A mixed research design with both qualitative and quantitative approaches will be used in applied research action. Anticipated implementation research outcomes include at the health facilities level for organising TB/DM services, pathways of patients with TB/DM seeking care in different health facilities, factors in service delivery that need deimplementation and the ADEPT model implementation feasibility, acceptability and fidelity. Expected operational research outcomes include additional identified patients with dual TB/DM, the prevalence of comorbidities like hypertension in patients with TB/DM and final treatment outcomes of TB/DM including treatment-related complications. Findings will inform the future policies and practices for integrating communicable and NCDs services.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was granted by The National Research Health Ethical Committee (Ref-No. NIMR/HQ/R.8a/Vol.IX/2988) and the implementation endorsed by the government authorities. Findings will be proactively disseminated through multiple mechanisms including peer-reviewed journals, and engagement with various stakeholders’ example in conferences and social media.

scholarly journals Public Green Space Policy Implementation: A Case Study of Krakow, Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 538
Author(s):  
Anita Kwartnik-Pruc ◽  
Anna Trembecka
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Space Policy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Public Green Space

Green space is essential for the implementation of the idea of sustainable urban development. This paper contains original research on the implementation of local government tasks in the development of public green space. The aim of this research was to analyse the actions taken by the municipal authorities regarding the development of public green space, including the acquisition of real properties, the regulation of their legal status, as well as the adoption of planning and programme documents. The Polish Central Statistical Office data on the public green space of the largest cities in Poland were analysed in order to determine the dynamics of changes. Then, the focus was placed on Krakow, where the authors analysed in detail the distribution and type of urban green space as well as the actions taken by the Municipality to both extend it and to protect it against building development. The criterion of green space accessibility to city residents was indicated as a necessary aspect to be considered in the overall assessment of the existing greenery. The conclusions include the assessment of the actions of the Krakow authorities and the observed trends in the development of public green space.

scholarly journals Photovoltaics Enabling Sustainable Energy Communities: Technological Drivers and Emerging Markets

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1862
Author(s):  
Alexandros-Georgios Chronis ◽  
Foivos Palaiogiannis ◽  
Iasonas Kouveliotis-Lysikatos ◽  
Panos Kotsampopoulos ◽  
Nikos Hatziargyriou
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Local Energy ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Energy Community

In this paper, we investigate the economic benefits of an energy community investing in small-scale photovoltaics (PVs) when local energy trading is operated amongst the community members. The motivation stems from the open research question on whether a community-operated local energy market can enhance the investment feasibility of behind-the-meter small-scale PVs installed by energy community members. Firstly, a review of the models, mechanisms and concepts required for framing the relevant concepts is conducted, while a clarification of nuances at important terms is attempted. Next, a tool for the investigation of the economic benefits of operating a local energy market in the context of an energy community is developed. We design the local energy market using state-of-the-art formulations, modified according to the requirements of the case study. The model is applied to an energy community that is currently under formation in a Greek municipality. From the various simulations that were conducted, a series of generalizable conclusions are extracted.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document