scholarly journals “Anemia during Pregnancy and Its Prevalence”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sehar Zulkifal ◽  
Shumaila Sarwar ◽  
Madiha Saddique ◽  
Khalida Yaqoob ◽  
Arshia Muneer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Background ◽  
Anemia During Pregnancy

Anemia is a serious health issue throughout the world affecting both sexes of any age group. This nutritional disease is more common among the pregnant women of developing countries, where it is a major cause of maternal death and negative outcome of pregnancy. Among all anemic types, IDA is most prevalent one and is comprises of about 95% of all anemic cases around the world. In many developing countries it is more common in women of low socio-economic background and with no record of antenatal checkup. There is need for further health educational programs to overcome anemia especially for pregnant females.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic and seroprevalence profile of sexually transmitted infections (HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Syphilis) in asymptomatic pregnant females

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4636
Author(s):  
Paramjit Kaur ◽  
Ruby Bhatia ◽  
Rupinder Sidhu ◽  
Surinder K. Bhopal ◽  
Amandev Singh
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Perinatal Transmission ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Multiple Sex Partners ◽  
Pregnant Females

Background: Globally 499 million new episodes of curable STIs occur in the age group of 15-49 years, 80% in developing countries and 79 million in India alone. There is an increasing trend for viral STIs while bacterial STIs are on decline. Number of pregnant women with STIs is increasing by about 250 million a year in developed world and double that number in developing countries. The objective of the study was to estimate seroprevalence of STIs (Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, HIV and Syphilis) and to evaluate impact of sociodemographic profile and sexual behaviour on STIsMethods: This observational study was carried out on 1000 asymptomatic pregnant females attending antenatal clinics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Government Medical College Patiala, Punjab.Results: Seroprevalence for STIs in asymptomatic pregnant females was 22.5%. Hepatitis C-9%, Hepatitis B-6.3%, HIV-5.5%, and Syphilis 1.7%. Illiteracy, low socio economic status, homemakers, rural background with multiple sex partners in the 21-30 years age group is associated with increasing trends of STIs in pregnancy.Conclusions: Screening asymptomatic pregnant women for STIs remains a key programme strategy for quadruple (Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, HIV and Syphilis) prevention. Mandatory screening for STIs to reduce perinatal transmission is need of the millennium– a step toward ending STI epidemics as a global priority. 

PREVENTION OF OBSTETRIC HAEMORRHAGE

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
SOHA SAID ◽  
MICHAEL GEARY
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Postpartum Haemorrhage ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Obstetric Haemorrhage ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Developed World

Obstetric haemorrhage has been recognised as a major cause of maternal death as long as physicians have studied and written about childbirth. Until the 20th century, however, little was possible in the way of effective treatment. Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is still a frequent cause of death in many parts of the world. Even in developing countries, it remains the 3rd biggest killer of women in childbirth, despite considerable advances in medical care in the last half-century. The modern management of PPH may include a team of anaesthetists, haematologists, vascular surgeons, gynaecologists and radiologists.1Clearly, this change represents an advance which has saved and will continue to save countless lives, not only in the developed world where such teamwork is routine, but also in developing nations that are desperately looking for ways to reduce maternal mortality as part of their efforts to comply with the United Nations Millennium Development Goals by the year 2015.2

scholarly journals The Correlation between Hemoglobin Concentration during Pregnancy with the Maternal and Neonatal Outcome

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-598
Author(s):  
Sarma Nursani Lumbanraja ◽  
Muhammad Rizki Yaznil ◽  
Dewi Indah Sari Siregar ◽  
Adriani Sakina
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Hospital Outpatient Clinic ◽  
The World ◽  
Anemia During Pregnancy ◽  
Post Partum Haemorrhage

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of anaemia is higher among women, including pregnant women. The estimation was about 24.8% of the population in the world suffering anaemia. Anaemia during pregnancy is a big problem because it can contribute morbidity and mortality, either in mother or newborn. The impacts of anaemia during pregnancy included post-partum haemorrhage, low birth weight (LBW), preterm delivery, and low Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration (APGAR) score. AIM: This study aimed to determine the correlation between haemoglobin concentration during pregnancy and the outcome of mothers and newborns. METHODS: It was a cohort study that included 200 pregnant women in second or third trimester at antenatal care of Sundari General Hospital Outpatient Clinic on February until September 2018. The participants were interviewed using a questionnaire, and their blood was checked to measure haemoglobin concentration using portable Easy Touch Hemoglobinometer. In the next three until six months, the following investigation was conducted to assess the maternal and neonatal outcome. RESULTS: The result of this study showed among the maternal outcome, only antepartum haemoglobin concentration had a statistically significant correlation with the haemoglobin concentration during pregnancy (p < 0.05), meanwhile, among the neonatal outcome. LBW was the only factor that statistically significantly correlated to the haemoglobin concentration during pregnancy (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: We can conclude that once anaemia occurs in pregnant women, then the women kept suffering from anaemia with its correlation was statistically significant. Keywords : hemoglobin concentration, anemia during pregnancy, maternal, neonatal outcome

Undergraduate education in geriatric medicine

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mujtaba Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Older People ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Undergraduate Education ◽  
Geriatric Medicine ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The World ◽  
Care For Older People

In the developed, as well as developing countries, there is an immediate challenge to ensure an adequate supply of health professionals trained in providing care for older people to meet the needs of increasing numbers. Currently 20% of the population of the United Kingdom (UK) is over 60 – 12 million people. By 2031 this proportion will be nearly a third – 18.6 million people. The largest increases are anticipated among the over-85 age group, from 0.8 million in 1987 to 1.4 million in 2025. In Europe the number of people aged over 80 years will double within the next 25 to 30 years. It is estimated that there will be more than 1.2 billion elderly people in the world by the year 2025 – three-quarters of them living in the developing countries.

scholarly journals Impact of Anemia in Pregnant Women on the Neonatal Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 1185-1188
Author(s):  
Raisa Aringazina ◽  
Gulnara Kurmanalina ◽  
Yerlan Bazargaliyev ◽  
Victoria Kononets ◽  
Bakhtiyar Kurmanalin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The World ◽  
Anemia During Pregnancy ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Anemia Group

Background. One of the most prevalent illnesses in the world is anemia. Anemia in pregnant women has been a pressing obstetric issue for many years and is one of the most common complications of pregnancy in the world, particularly in developing countries. Aim. To study the condition of neonates born to women with anemia during pregnancy. Methods. A retrospective analysis of 230 patients' medical records in maternity and pregnancy pathology departments. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 consisted of patients suffering from iron deficiency anemia, Group 2 comprised patients without iron deficiency anemia. Results. The height-to-weight ratio in the group of neonates born to mothers with anemia statistically was significantly lower compared to the control group. The proportion of neonates with hypotrophy in the group born to mothers with anemia statistically was significantly higher. Body length and birth condition indices assessed according to the APGAR scale were virtually identical across the groups. Conclusions. Anemia during pregnancy affects the trophism of a fetus, which is largely reflected in the health of neonates. Treating maternal anemia is important to prevent or decrease the incidence of underweight in infants at birth.

scholarly journals Personal Hygiene pada Masa Nifas

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Fatihatul Hayati
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Personal Hygiene

ABSTRACT Infection during the puerperium is one of the leading causes of maternal death in developing countries. Puerperal morbidity is an increase in body temperature to 38 ° C or more for 2 days in the first 10 days postpartum, except on the first day. Infections caused by personal hygiene is not good, therefore personal hygiene during the postpartum period of a mother is very important to maintain personal hygiene so as not prone to infection. Maintain overall personal hygiene to avoid infection in both stitches and skin. If a postpartum mother does not perform personal hygiene properly, there can be an infection during the puerperium, namely inflammation caused by the entry of germs into the genetals, effective health education is needed for pregnant women, not only preparation for delivery but also preparation for the period the puerperium, including education about personal hygiene during the puerperium.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Keunggulan Tes Cepat Molekuler dengan Xpert MTB/ RIF Dibanding dengan Uji Mikroskopis dalam Mendiagnosis Tuberkulosis di Indonesia Tahun 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Oster Suriani Simarmata ◽  
Dina Bisara Lolong
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Microscopic Technique ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic Test

Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) remains a severe health issue worldwide which is one of the death leading causes, particularly in developing countries including Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the superiority of the molecular diagnostic test with Xpert MTB/RIF compared to the microscopic test in 44 health facilities in Indonesia in 2018. The results revealed that the Xpert MTB/RIF test could detect 31,9% positive TB from 33,630 suspected cases. The Xpert MTB/RIF were also able to detect 16.7% positive samples from 5.491 samples which were previously negative tested by microscopic technique. The positive TB was dominated by the male in the age group of 15 to 54 years. Moreover, Xpert MTB/RIF test could examine the not-sputum samples of 0.16% (52 of 33,630 samples), which 9 samples of them were positive TB (17.3%). These positive TB samples were derived from gastric fluid (77.8%), pleural fluid (11.1%), and lymph node aspiration (11.1%), which majority were from children under 15 years old. This study concluded that the superiority of TCM test included its sensitivity to detect positive TB in resistant rifampicin cases, to identify the existence of MTB resistant to rifampicin drugs simultaneously and to detect the MTB with the non-sputum samples. Keywords: evaluation, TB, Xpert MTB/RIF test Abstrak Tuberkulosis (TB) masih merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang serius dan penyebab utama kematian di seluruh dunia terutama di negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi keunggulan pemeriksaan diagnostik Tes Cepat Molekuler (TCM) Xpert MTB/RIF dibanding dengan pemeriksaan mikroskopis di 44 fasilitas kesehatan di Indonesia tahun 2018. Hasil pemeriksaan TCM dengan Xpert MTB/RIF dari 33.630 terduga TB terdapat TB positif sebesar 31,9%. Pemeriksaan mikroskopis dengan hasil negatif sebanyak 5.491 terduga TB yang juga diperiksa TCM dengan Xpert MTB/RIF terdapat hasil TB positif sebesar 16,7%. Hasil TB positif tersebut didominasi kelompok umur 15-54 tahun dan laki-laki. Pemeriksaan TCM ini juga mampu memeriksa spesimen bukan sputum sebesar 0,16% dan hasilnya 9 di antaranya adalah TB positif (17,3%). Spesimen TB positif ini berasal dari bilasan/ aspirasi cairan lambung 77,8% (7 dari 9 spesimen), cairan pleura 11,1% (1 dari 9 spesimen) dan aspirasi limfonodus 11,1% (1 dari 9 spesimen). Dilihat dari kelompok umur lebih dari separuh spesimen bukan sputum ini berasal dari anak <15 tahun. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa TCM dengan Xpert MTB/RIF lebih unggul daripada pemeriksaan mikroskopis karena sensitivitasnya pada rifampisin sensitif maupun resisten, mampu mengidentifikasi keberadaan MTB yang resisten obat rifampisin secara bersamaan serta sampel bukan-sputum. Kata kunci: Evaluasi, TB, Tes Cepat Molekuler dengan Xpert MTB/RIF

scholarly journals Pendidikan Kesehatan tentang Anemia kepada Ibu Hamil

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Safitri Safitri
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

AbstractAnemia is a major factor causing maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in developing countries is 51%. In Indonesia, based on the results of the 2018 Riskesdas survey, data on the proportion of anemia in pregnant women increased from 37.1% (2013) to 48.9% (2018). Likewise, the Jambi City, in the Puskesmas Pakuan Baru there are still pregnant women who have anemia. Target outcomes expected are: there is an increased knowledge between before and after counseling. The method used is counseling. The results of dedication are an increase in knowledge in pregnant women as an effort to prevent and recognize high risk or complications of Anemia in early pregnancy.

Malaria and the Sickle Cell Trait: Conferring Selective Protective Advantage to Malaria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Endemic Disease ◽  
The World ◽  
Endemic Areas

Malaria is an endemic disease in the developing countries like Nigeria with high mortality and morbidity rates especially in children and pregnant women who are immune competent. A lot of measures have been taken to control malaria in this part of the world but is still major problem confronting person in the malaria endemic areas. Sickle cell trait has been shown to confer selective protective advantage to malaria on the persons possessing the hemoglobin genotype. This paper discussed the selective protective advantage of sickle cell trait to malaria.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B and C infections among pregnant women

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1718
Author(s):  
Gulnaz Jahan ◽  
Noor Jahan ◽  
Sumit Rungta ◽  
Ausaf Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
B Virus ◽  
History Of

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are serious public health problem affecting billions of people globally with maternal-fetaltransmission on the rise. This study sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among pregnant women attending integral institute of medical sciences and research hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh.Methods: In this cross-sectional study 345 pregnant women were recruited from the integral institute of medical sciences and research hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. Blood samples were collected for the detection of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV antibodies. A pretested questionnaire was used to obtain demographic data and identify the risk factors associated with the two infections. Ethical clearances were taken from the institution. Data tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis.Results: Out of total 345 samples of pregnant females examined during the study. In which, 20(5.8%) were seropositive for hepatitis B and 6(1.7%) positive for hepatitis C among pregnant women.8.8% positive for hepatitis B among pregnant females in their age group 15-25. Maximum non-reactive patients of hepatitis C (99.9%) belongs to age group (15-25). 33.3% hepatitis B positive out of total blood transfusion cases. Patients having previous history surgery, in which 24.2% positive with hepatitis B. Hepatitis B and C positive patients having abdominal pain were 9.3% and 3.1% respectively. Patients were having history of jaundice, in which 55.6% and 33.3% suffering with hepatitis B and C.Conclusions: The need to institute public health measures to reduce disease burden and transmission, including routine screening of all pregnant mothers for HBV and HCV infections Factors associated with higher rate of HBV and HCV infections include advancing age, low level of education, tattooing, blood transfusion, and history of jaundice.

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