scholarly journals Legumes and Nodule Associated Bacteria Interaction as Key Factor for Abiotic Stresses Impact Mitigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelmalik Omar Ahmed Idris ◽  
Elnour Alamin Gibreel Noh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Plasmid Genes

Due to climate change, different soil stresses are increasing continuously and they threat the world food security as they limit crop productivity. Therefore, this chapter aims at integrate information about the interaction between legumes and endophytes which will help to: deep understanding of the endophytes-legume relationship, draw attention to the possibilities to exploit this relationship in soil stress mitigation and unraveling what is need to be addressed in the future. The study reviewed the most recent previous scientific works in the field. For legumes tissue colonization, endophytes almost use the same routs which results in their presence in the same niches. Co-inoculation of these bacteria enhances plant growth directly and indirectly. Some endophytes characterized by stress tolerance which interact with legumes and mitigate the adverse effect of soil stresses like salinity, acidity/alkalinity, drought and heavy metal contamination. To reduce stress and enhance plant growth, legume-associated bacteria produce ACC deaminase and other compounds. The interaction process involves induction and expression of many legume-associated bacteria chromosomal and plasmid genes which indicates that this process is a genetic based. So isolation of stress tolerant legume-associated microbes and identification of the gene related to stress tolerance will aid in production of genetic engineered endophytes adaptive to different stresses. It is concluded that all soil stresses can be addressed by application of stress tolerant endophytes to the soil affected with environmental stresses which is sustainable and low cost approach. To maximize the benefit, searching for indigenous stress tolerant endophytes is recommended.

scholarly journals Alleviation of Salt Stress in Wheat Seedlings via Multifunctional Bacillus aryabhattai PM34: An In-Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 8030
Author(s):  
Shehzad Mehmood ◽  
Amir Abdullah Khan ◽  
Fuchen Shi ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Tariq Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Bacillus Aryabhattai

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria play a substantial role in plant growth and development under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. However, understanding about the functional role of rhizobacterial strains for wheat growth under salt stress remains largely unknown. Here we investigated the antagonistic bacterial strain Bacillus aryabhattai PM34 inhabiting ACC deaminase and exopolysaccharide producing ability to ameliorate salinity stress in wheat seedlings under in vitro conditions. The strain PM34 was isolated from the potato rhizosphere and screened for different PGP traits comprising nitrogen fixation, potassium, zinc solubilization, indole acetic acid, siderophore, and ammonia production, along with various extracellular enzyme activities. The strain PM34 showed significant tolerance towards both abiotic stresses including salt stress (NaCl 2 M), heavy metal (nickel, 100 ppm, and cadmium, 300 ppm), heat stress (60 °C), and biotic stress through mycelial inhibition of Rhizoctonia solani (43%) and Fusarium solani (41%). The PCR detection of ituC, nifH, and acds genes coding for iturin, nitrogenase, and ACC deaminase enzyme indicated the potential of strain PM34 for plant growth promotion and stress tolerance. In the in vitro experiment, NaCl (2 M) decreased the wheat growth while the inoculation of strain PM34 enhanced the germination% (48%), root length (76%), shoot length (75%), fresh biomass (79%), and dry biomass (87%) over to un-inoculated control under 2M NaCl level. The results of experiments depicted the ability of antagonistic bacterial strain Bacillus aryabhattai PM34 to augment salt stress tolerance when inoculated to wheat plants under saline environment.

scholarly journals Crucial Cell Signaling Compounds Crosstalk and Integrative Multi-Omics Techniques for Salinity Stress Tolerance in Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh K. Singhal ◽  
Debanjana Saha ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Udit N. Mishra ◽  
Jyoti Chauhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Cell Signaling ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Signaling Crosstalk ◽  
Omics Technology ◽  
Salinity Stress Tolerance

In the era of rapid climate change, abiotic stresses are the primary cause for yield gap in major agricultural crops. Among them, salinity is considered a calamitous stress due to its global distribution and consequences. Salinity affects plant processes and growth by imposing osmotic stress and destroys ionic and redox signaling. It also affects phytohormone homeostasis, which leads to oxidative stress and eventually imbalances metabolic activity. In this situation, signaling compound crosstalk such as gasotransmitters [nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), calcium (Ca), reactive oxygen species (ROS)] and plant growth regulators (auxin, ethylene, abscisic acid, and salicylic acid) have a decisive role in regulating plant stress signaling and administer unfavorable circumstances including salinity stress. Moreover, recent significant progress in omics techniques (transcriptomics, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) have helped to reinforce the deep understanding of molecular insight in multiple stress tolerance. Currently, there is very little information on gasotransmitters and plant growth regulator crosstalk and inadequacy of information regarding the integration of multi-omics technology during salinity stress. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the crucial cell signaling crosstalk mechanisms and integrative multi-omics techniques to provide a more direct approach for salinity stress tolerance. To address the above-mentioned words, this review covers the common mechanisms of signaling compounds and role of different signaling crosstalk under salinity stress tolerance. Thereafter, we mention the integration of different omics technology and compile recent information with respect to salinity stress tolerance.

scholarly journals The Contrivance of Plant Growth Promoting Microbes to Mitigate Climate Change Impact in Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1841
Author(s):  
Angelika Fiodor ◽  
Surender Singh ◽  
Kumar Pranaw
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
The Impact

Combating the consequences of climate change is extremely important and critical in the context of feeding the world’s population. Crop simulation models have been extensively studied recently to investigate the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity and food security. Drought and salinity are major environmental stresses that cause changes in the physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes in plants, resulting in significant crop productivity losses. Excessive use of chemicals has become a severe threat to human health and the environment. The use of beneficial microorganisms is an environmentally friendly method of increasing crop yield under environmental stress conditions. These microbes enhance plant growth through various mechanisms such as production of hormones, ACC deaminase, VOCs and EPS, and modulate hormone synthesis and other metabolites in plants. This review aims to decipher the effect of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) on plant health under abiotic soil stresses associated with global climate change (viz., drought and salinity). The application of stress-resistant PGPB may not only help in the combating the effects of abiotic stressors, but also lead to mitigation of climate change. More thorough molecular level studies are needed in the future to assess their cumulative influence on plant development.

scholarly journals Rhizobium Leguminosarum: A Model Arsenic Resistant, Arsenite Oxidizing Bacterium Possessing Plant Growth Promoting Attributes

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Aritri Laha ◽  
Somnath Bhattacharyya ◽  
Sudip Sengupta ◽  
Kallol Bhattacharyya ◽  
Sanjoy GuhaRoy
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Stressed Condition ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Mic Minimum Inhibitory Concentration

The threat of arsenic (As) pollution has become serious and leading to opt of low-cost microbial remediation strategies.Some bacteria have the ability to resist As. A group of rhizosphere bacteria have the ability to absorb arsenic. So these bacteria may be a good candidate for arsenic bioremediation from contaminated environment. Our present study of identifying suitable rhizobacterial strains led to the isolation of As-tolerant strains from arsenic pollutedrhizospheric soils of lentil in West Bengal, India.The isolated rhizobacterial strain LAR-7 had a high MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) towards arsenate (260 mM) and arsenite (27.5 mM) and transformed 39% of arenite to arsenate under laboratory condition. Further, the strain LAR-7 had enormous plant growth-promoting characteristics (PGP), as categorized by efficient ability to solubilize phosphate, siderophore production, production of indole acetic acid-like molecules, ACC deaminase production, and nodule formation under As stressed condition. Based on 16S rRNA homology the LAR-7 was identified as Rhizobium leguminosarum andemerged as the most potent strain for As decontamination and plant growth promoter under the stress environment of As.

scholarly journals Pseudomonas 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) Deaminase and Its Role in Beneficial Plant-Microbe Interactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2467
Author(s):  
Bernard R. Glick ◽  
Francisco X. Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Acds Gene ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Selection Of

The expression of the enzyme 1-aminocylopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, and the consequent modulation of plant ACC and ethylene concentrations, is one of the most important features of plant-associated bacteria. By decreasing plant ACC and ethylene concentrations, ACC deaminase-producing bacteria can overcome some of the deleterious effects of inhibitory levels of ACC and ethylene in various aspects of plant-microbe interactions, as well as plant growth and development (especially under stressful conditions). As a result, the acdS gene, encoding ACC deaminase, is often prevalent and positively selected in the microbiome of plants. Several members of the genus Pseudomonas are widely prevalent in the microbiome of plants worldwide. Due to its adaptation to a plant-associated lifestyle many Pseudomonas strains are of great interest for the development of novel sustainable agricultural and biotechnological solutions, especially those presenting ACC deaminase activity. This manuscript discusses several aspects of ACC deaminase and its role in the increased plant growth promotion, plant protection against abiotic and biotic stress and promotion of the rhizobial nodulation process by Pseudomonas. Knowledge regarding the properties and actions of ACC deaminase-producing Pseudomonas is key for a better understanding of plant-microbe interactions and the selection of highly effective strains for various applications in agriculture and biotechnology.

scholarly journals Overexpression of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Deaminase (acdS) Gene in Petunia hybrida Improves Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aung Htay Naing ◽  
Hui Yeong Jeong ◽  
Sung Keun Jung ◽  
Chang Kil Kim
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Acc Oxidase ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis

Abiotic stress induces the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) in plants, which consequently enhances ethylene production and inhibits plant growth. The bacterial ACC deaminase enzyme encoded by the acdS gene reduces stress-induced ethylene production and improves plant growth in response to stress. In this study, overexpression of acdS in Petunia hybrida (‘Mirage Rose’) significantly reduced expression of the ethylene biosynthesis gene ACC oxidase 1 (ACO1) and ethylene production relative to those in wild type (WT) under various abiotic stresses (cold, drought, and salt). The higher reduction of stress-induced ethylene in the transgenic plants, which was due to the overexpression of acdS, led to a greater tolerance to the stresses compared to that in the WT plants. The greater stress tolerances were proven based on better plant growth and physiological performance, which were linked to stress tolerance. Moreover, expression analysis of the genes involved in stress tolerance also supported the increased tolerance of transgenics relative to that with the WT. These results suggest the possibility that acdS is overexpressed in ornamental plants, particularly in bedding plants normally growing outside the environment, to overcome the deleterious effect of ethylene on plant growth under different abiotic stresses. The development of stress-tolerant plants will be helpful to advance the floricultural industry.

scholarly journals Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Salinity Stress Tolerance in Okra through ROS-Scavenging Enzymes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Hasna Habib ◽  
Hossain Kausar ◽  
Halimi Mohd Saud
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Salinity Stress Tolerance

Salinity is a major environmental stress that limits crop production worldwide. In this study, we characterized plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase and examined their effect on salinity stress tolerance in okra through the induction of ROS-scavenging enzyme activity. PGPR inoculated okra plants exhibited higher germination percentage, growth parameters, and chlorophyll content than control plants. Increased antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, APX, and CAT) and upregulation of ROS pathway genes (CAT, APX, GR, and DHAR) were observed in PGPR inoculated okra plants under salinity stress. With some exceptions, inoculation withEnterobactersp. UPMR18 had a significant influence on all tested parameters under salt stress, as compared to other treatments. Thus, the ACC deaminase-containing PGPR isolateEnterobactersp. UPMR18 could be an effective bioresource for enhancing salt tolerance and growth of okra plants under salinity stress.

scholarly journals Seed priming of plants aiding in drought stress tolerance and faster recovery: a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Raj Aswathi ◽  
Hazem M. Kalaji ◽  
Jos T. Puthur
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Machinery

AbstractDrought stress exposure adversely affects plant growth and productivity. Various seed priming techniques are experimented to mitigate the adverse effect of drought stress on plant performance. It is a low-cost and sustainable technology that proved to be of immense potential to enhance drought tolerance and increase crop productivity. Drought episodes are followed by recovery through rain or irrigation and help the plants to recuperate from the damages caused by drought stress. The severity of drought-associated damages determines the recovery kinetics of plants. Under the recurrent cycle of drought events, recovery kinetics has immense importance in predicting the stress tolerance potential and survival status of a plant. Many processes like DNA damage repair, de-novo synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, osmotic adjustment through the accumulation of osmolytes, the potential activity of antioxidant machinery occurring during seed priming play a significant role during recovery from drought stress. Alleviation of the severity of drought stress through the accumulation of osmolytes, the augmented activity of antioxidant machinery, improved photosynthetic performance, and the upregulated expression of stress-responsive genes attributed by seed priming will complement the recovery from drought stress. Although the beneficial effects of seed priming on drought tolerance are well explored, priming influenced recovery mechanism has not been well explored. There is a lacuna in the field of research related to the beneficial effects of seed priming for recovery from drought stress, and that is the focus of this paper.

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