scholarly journals COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms and Implications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Mitevska
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Cardiac Arrythmias

We are living and fighting serious COVID-19 pandemic, which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. Cardiovascular diseases are highly prevalent in the infected individuals, which modifies their treatment and prognosis. The injury of the myocardium is reported in over 15% of hospitalized severely ill patients, mostly presented in the form of acute heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, cardiac arrythmias, myocarditis and thromboembolic complications. All these complications may appear at early in the course of the disease, during the disease progress or in the later stage of the COVID-19 disease. Thromboembolic complications accompany more severe cases, caused by excessive inflammation, platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction, and stasis. This new virus pandemic is a global challenge for health care system where we still have much to learn.

scholarly journals The Evolving Phenotypes of Cardiovascular Disease during COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Correale ◽  
Francesca Croella ◽  
Alessandra Leopizzi ◽  
Pietro Mazzeo ◽  
Lucia Tricarico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
New World ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Atrial Arrhythmias ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Patients

AbstractCOVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the management of patients with acute and chronic cardiovascular disease: acute coronary syndrome patients were often not timely reperfused, heart failure patients not adequately followed up and titrated, atrial arrhythmias not efficaciously treated and became chronic. New phenotypes of cardiovascular patients were more and more frequent during COVID-19 pandemic and are expected to be even more frequent in the next future in the new world shaped by the pandemic. We therefore aimed to briefly summarize the main changes in the phenotype of cardiovascular patients in the COVID-19 era, focusing on new clinical challenges and possible therapeutic options.

Study on Heart Failure Patients Admitted in National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-176
Author(s):  
Nur Alam ◽  
Abdullah Al Shafi Majumder
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

Background: Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome that arises secondary to abnormalities of cardiac structure and/or function (inherited or acquired) that impair the ability of the left ventricle to fill or eject blood. There is a paucity of data on characteristics of the patients of heart failure admitted in hospitals in terms of demographic and etiological information. So, this study aimed to see the disease burden of heart failure patients and the age and sex specific prevalence of heart failure among patients admitted into NICVD and to identify the etiological pattern of diseases leading to heart failure with associated comorbid factors. Methods: It was a cross sectional study carried out at National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) Dhaka Bangladesh and was conducted from January 2015 to December 2015. Total 400 heart failure patients were taken. Results: The mean age of the patients were 54 ± 14 years ranging from 16 to 95 years with a high preponderance of male. Most the patient population was in the age group of 51- 60 years (29.5%). 79% of the cases were male & 21% female by gender specification. Ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) was found to be the common cause of heart failure (n=153, 40.75%) followed by Acute coronary syndrome (32.5%) and Valvular heart disease (18.25%). The patients with heart failure having acute coronary syndrome (n=107) had hypertension (46.8%) as the most prevalent major risk factor. In the present study only 11% patient had heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Mortality rate of the study population were 6.3%. Conclusion: In this study, the most common cause of heart failure is ischaemic heart disease. So, patients of acute and chronic ischemic heart disease patients should be treated and follow up with care. Clinical and epidemiological studies are needed to explore further. Cardiovasc. j. 2021; 13(2): 172-176

scholarly journals Pandemic of Fear or What Statistics Hide: Patients with Cardiovascular Disease are at Increased Risk During COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Gaisenok
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Hospitalization Rate ◽  
Statistical Information ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
International Data ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

Insufficient statistical information on the structure of mortality in the era of the pandemic is disclosed in this article. It analyzes the statistics and the causes of death during the COVID-19 pandemic from a new coronavirus infection and cardiovascular disease. Actual international data on a decrease in the hospitalization rate of patients with acute coronary syndrome are presented. A comparative analysis of statistics from European countries and Russia shows that cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in populations, and patients with cardiovascular diseases are at increased risk for morbidity and mortality during the COVID pandemic.

scholarly journals Admission fasting plasma glucose is associated with in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome and diabetes: findings from the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China - Acute Coronary Syndrome (CCC-ACS) project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Ye ◽  
Lijiao Yang ◽  
Guoqin Wang ◽  
Weijing Bian ◽  
Fengbo Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Hospital Outcomes ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract BackgroundThe discrepancy between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in clinical practice may be related to factors such as acute stress, renal dysfunction, and anemia, and its relationship with in-hospital outcomes is uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the type of discrepancy between HbA1c and FPG and in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and diabetes.MethodsThe Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China - Acute Coronary Syndrome (CCC-ACS) project is a national, hospital-based quality improvement project with an ongoing database. Patients with ACS, diabetes and complete HbA1c and FPG values at admission were included. The consistent group included patients with HbA1c < 6.5% and FPG < 7.0 mmol/L or HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and FPG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L. The discrepancy group included patients with HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and FPG < 7.0 mmol/L (increased HbA1c group) or HbA1c < 6.5% and FPG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L (increased FBG group).ResultsA total of 7,762 patients were included in this study. The numbers of patients in the consistent and discrepancy groups were 5,490 and 2,272 respectively. In the discrepancy group, increased HbA1c accounted for 77.5% of discrepancies, and increased FPG accounted for 22.5% of discrepancies. After adjusting for confounders, patients in the increased FPG group had a 1.6-fold increased risk of heart failure (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.08-2.44), a 1.6-fold increased risk of composite cardiovascular death and heart failure (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.09-2.43), and a 1.6-fold increased risk of composite major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) and heart failure (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.08-2.24) compared to patients in the increased HbA1c group.Conclusions Patients with an increased FPG but normal HbA1c had a higher risk of in-hospital adverse outcomes than those with increased HbA1c but normal FPG.This result may indicate that when HbA1c and FPG are inconsistent in patients with ACS and diabetes, the increased FPG that may be caused by stress hyperglycemia may have a more substantial adverse effect than increased HbA1c, which may be caused by chronic hyperglycemia. These high-risk patients should be given more attention and closer monitoring in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Adiponectin in Cardiovascular Inflammation and Obesity

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar R. Aprahamian ◽  
Flora Sam
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Local Inflammation ◽  
Large Role ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

Inflammation is widely known to play a key role in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. It is becoming increasingly evident that obesity is linked to many proinflammatory and obesity-associated cardiovascular conditions (e.g., metabolic syndrome, acute coronary syndrome, and congestive heart failure). It has been observed that adipokines play an increasingly large role in systemic and local inflammation. Therefore, adipose tissue may have a more important role than previously thought in the pathogenesis of several disease types. This review explores the recently described role of adiponectin as an immunomodulatory factor and how it intersects with the inflammation associated with both cardiovascular and autoimmune pathologies.

scholarly journals Type of discrepancy between glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose is associated with in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome and diabetes: findings from the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China - Acute Coronary Syndrome (CCC-ACS) Project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Ye ◽  
Lijiao Yang ◽  
Guoqin Wang ◽  
Weijing Bian ◽  
Fengbo Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Hospital Outcomes ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Consistent Group

Abstract Background The discrepancy between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in clinical practice may be related to factors such as acute stress, renal dysfunction, and anemia, and its relationship with in-hospital outcomes is uncertain. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between the type of discrepancy between HbA1c and FPG and in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and diabetes. Methods The Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China - Acute Coronary Syndrome (CCC-ACS) project is a national, hospital-based quality improvement project with an ongoing database. Patients with ACS, diabetes and complete HbA1c and FBG values at admission were included. The consistent group included patients with HbA1c < 6.5% and FBG < 7.0 mmol/L or HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L. The discrepancy group included patients with HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and FBG < 7.0 mmol/L (increased HbA1c group) or HbA1c < 6.5% and FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L (increased FBG group). Results A total of 7,762 patients were included in this study. The numbers of patients in the consistent group and discrepancy group were 5,490 and 2,272 respectively. In the discrepancy group, increased HbA1c accounted for 77.5% of discrepancies, and increased FPG accounted for 22.5% of discrepancies. After adjusting for confounders, patients in the increased FPG group had a 1.6-fold increased risk of heart failure (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.08–2.44), a 1.6-fold increased risk of composite cardiovascular death and heart failure (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.09–2.43), and a 1.6-fold increased risk of composite major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) and heart failure (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.08–2.24). Conclusions Patients with an increased FPG but normal HbA1c had a higher risk of in-hospital adverse outcomes than those with increased HbA1c but normal FPG. This result may indicate that when HbA1c and FPG are inconsistent in patients with ACS and diabetes, the increased FPG that may be caused by stress hyperglycemia may have a more substantial adverse effect than increased HbA1c, which may be caused by chronic hyperglycemia. These high-risk patients should be given more attention and closer monitoring in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Dependence of cardiovascular diseases mortality on helioseismic indicators in the Sheki region of the Azerbaijan Republic

2022 ◽  
Vol 99 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 444-450
Author(s):  
L. G. Efendiyeva
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Acute Heart Failure ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Hypertensive Crisis ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Age Range

Aim. To study the dependence of cardiovascular diseases mortality on geophysical and seismic indicators in the Sheki region of the Azerbaijan Republic.Material and methods. In 2013, seismological information was obtained from 35 telemetry stations, which included a review of the seismic setting of the republic, the distribution of seismic waves, the dynamics of seismic processes, the intensity of earthquakes, magnitude, etc. Based on the spatial distribution of the focal zones identifi ed by weak seismicity and the magnitudes of the maximum possible earthquakes in them, a map of the seismic hazard of the territory of Azerbaijan was compiled. To analyze the connection with diseases in the Sheki region, 742 case histories of patients (48.8% — 362 men and 51.2% — 380 women) who died in 2013 from various diseases, were analyzed.Results and discussion. Statistically signifi cant (p < 0.001), more deaths among men were from acute coronary syndrome (63.3%), from acute heart failure (46.0%) and from hypertensive crisis (HС) (45.3%). 59.3% died from acute cerebrovascular accident, 54.7% died from a hypertensive crisis and 54,0% from acute heart failure among women. Statistically signifi cant number of deaths was in the age range of 70–79 years old and 80–89 years old.The largest number of deaths was at a depth of 11–20 km — 20.6%, 21–30 km — 16.7%, less than 10 km — 10.5%. When the depth of the process was less than 10 km, the largest percentage of mortality was from acute coronary syndrome — 24.4%, with the depth of 11–20 km — from hypertensive process (40.5%); 24.2% died from heart failure.Conclusion. Thus, there is a close correlation between geomagnetic changes and CVD mortality in Sheki region of Azerbaijan. It is realized in the form of an increase in the frequency of cases and deaths, and the number of these cases is highly dependent on patients’ age.

scholarly journals Type of discrepancy between glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose is associated with in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome and diabetes: findings from the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China - Acute Coronary Syndrome (CCC-ACS) Project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Ye ◽  
Lijiao Yang ◽  
Guoqin Wang ◽  
Weijing Bian ◽  
Fengbo Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Hospital Outcomes ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Consistent Group

Abstract Background The discrepancy between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in clinical practice may be related to factors such as acute stress, renal dysfunction, and anemia, and its relationship with in-hospital outcomes is uncertain. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between the type of discrepancy between HbA1c and FPG and in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and diabetes. Methods The Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China - Acute Coronary Syndrome (CCC-ACS) project is a national, hospital-based quality improvement project with an ongoing database. Patients with ACS, diabetes and complete HbA1c and FPG values at admission were included. The consistent group included patients with HbA1c < 6.5% and FPG < 7.0 mmol/L or HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and FPG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L. The discrepancy group included patients with HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and FPG < 7.0 mmol/L (increased HbA1c group) or HbA1c < 6.5% and FPG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L (increased FBG group).Results A total of 7,762 patients were included in this study. The numbers of patients in the consistent group and discrepancy group were 5,490 and 2,272 respectively. In the discrepancy group, increased HbA1c accounted for 77.5% of discrepancies, and increased FPG accounted for 22.5% of discrepancies. After adjusting for confounders, patients in the increased FPG group had a 1.6-fold increased risk of heart failure (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.08-2.44), a 1.6-fold increased risk of composite cardiovascular death and heart failure (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.09-2.43), and a 1.6-fold increased risk of composite major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) and heart failure (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.08-2.24).Conclusions Patients with an increased FPG but normal HbA1c had a higher risk of in-hospital adverse outcomes than those with increased HbA1c but normal FPG. This result may indicate that when HbA1c and FPG are inconsistent in patients with ACS and diabetes, the increased FPG that may be caused by stress hyperglycemia may have a more substantial adverse effect than increased HbA1c, which may be caused by chronic hyperglycemia. These high-risk patients should be given more attention and closer monitoring in clinical practice.Trial registry: Clinicaltrial.gov, NCT02306616. Registered 29 November 2014, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02306616?term=NCT02306616&draw=2&rank=1

scholarly journals Type of discrepancy between glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose is associated with in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome and diabetes: findings from the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China - Acute Coronary Syndrome (CCC-ACS) Project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Ye ◽  
Lijiao Yang ◽  
Guoqin Wang ◽  
Weijing Bian ◽  
Fengbo Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Hospital Outcomes ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Consistent Group

Abstract Background The aim of this study is to investigate the association between types of discrepancy between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and diabetes, based on Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China - acute coronary syndrome project. MethodsCCC-ACS project is a national, hospital-based quality improvement project. Patients with ACS, diabetes and complete HbA1c and FBG value at admission were included in this study. Patients were divided into consistent group and discrepancy group based on the HbA1c and FBG value at admission. Consistent group included patients with HbA1c < 6.5% and FBG < 7.0 mmol/L, or patients with HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L. Discrepancy group included patients with HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and FBG < 7.0 mmol/L, or patients with HbA1c < 6.5% and FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L. Discrepancy group was further divided into increased HbA1c group (HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and FBG < 7.0 mmol/L) and increased FBG group (HbA1c < 6.5% and FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L).ResultsA total of 7,762 patients were included in this study. Patients in consistent group and discrepancy group were 5,490 (70.7%) and 2,272 (29.3%) respectively. In discrepancy group, increased HbA1c group accounted for 77.5% (1,761/2,272), and increased FPG group accounted for 22.5% (511/2,272). After adjusting for confounders by multivariate logistic regression model, patients in increased FPG group had a significantly 1.6-fold increased risk of heart failure (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.08-2.44), a 1.6-fold increased risk of composite of cardiovascular death and heart failure (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.09-2.43), and a 1.6-fold increased risk of composite of MACCE and heart failure (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.08-2.24).Conclusions Patients with an increased level of FPG but normal HbA1c had a higher risk of in-hospital cardiovascular adverse outcomes than those with an increased level of HbA1c but normal FPG. These patients should be given more attention and closer monitoring in clinical practice in order to improve the in-hospital outcomes.

Increasing Endothelial Dysfunction Markers Level are Associated with the Incidence of Heart Failure in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. S173
Author(s):  
Ryota Kosaki ◽  
Yoshino Minoura ◽  
Shigeto Tsukamoto ◽  
Kosuke Nomura ◽  
Koshiro Sakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Coronary Syndrome
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