scholarly journals Basic Concepts of Information Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Zemmouchi-Ghomari
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Is Security ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Definition Of Information ◽  
Managerial Level ◽  
Functional Areas

This chapter covers the basic concepts of the information systems (IS) field to prepare the reader to quickly approach the book’s other chapters: the Definition of information, the notion of system, and, more particularly, information systems. We also discuss the typology of IS according to the managerial level and decision-making in the IS. Furthermore, we describe information systems applications covering functional areas and focusing on the execution of business processes across the enterprise, including all management levels. We briefly discuss the aspects related to IS security that ensure the protection and integrity of information. We continue our exploration by presenting several metrics, mainly financial, to assess the added value of IS in companies. Next, we present a brief description of a very fashionable approach to make the information system evolve in all coherence, which is the urbanization of IS. We conclude this chapter with some IS challenges focusing on the leading causes of IS implementation’s failure and success.

Geographic Marketing in Support of Decision-Making Processes

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-115
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda Augusto
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Digital Maps ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Growth Prospects ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Sources

Nowadays, geographic information and spatial aspects are essential elements for the definition of companies' strategies. With the use of different sources data, companies were able to obtain insights that they could not obtain without the spatial component and were able to use them to optimize their business. Then, geographic marketing presents itself as an added value for companies, one of the key factors being its role in supporting decision making. The main attributes of geographic marketing or GeoMarketing allow us to identify and present through digital maps the behavior and trends of certain variables based on characteristics of a market. The meticulous study of spatial and demographic information generated by GeoMarketing are crucial for important strategic adjustments in the business plan, such as definitions related to the location considered ideal for the business, target audience, price and growth prospects, among other factors. In this context, GeoMarketing will be introduced, exploring its scope, applicability, and relevance of its use in support of the decision-making process.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Insurance

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Lemaire
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Set Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Fuzzy Set Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Numbers ◽  
Fuzzy Decision Making ◽  
Fuzzy Decision ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractFuzzy set theory is a recently developed field of mathematics, that introduces sets of objects whose boundaries are not sharply defined. Whereas in ordinary Boolean algebra an element is either contained or not contained in a given set, in fuzzy set theory the transition between membership and non-membership is gradual. The theory aims at modelizing situations described in vague or imprecise terms, or situations that are too complex or ill-defined to be analysed by conventional methods. This paper aims at presenting the basic concepts of the theory in an insurance framework. First the basic definitions of fuzzy logic are presented, and applied to provide a flexible definition of a “preferred policyholder” in life insurance. Next, fuzzy decision-making procedures are illustrated by a reinsurance application, and the theory of fuzzy numbers is extended to define fuzzy insurance premiums.

scholarly journals QUALITY PARAMETERS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR BUSINESS IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 03059
Author(s):  
Hasan Abu Ezza ◽  
Anna.V. Shokhnekh ◽  
Victoria S. Telyatnikova ◽  
Natalia S. Mushketova
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Digital Networks ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Functional Software ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Definition Of Information ◽  
Business Competitiveness

The article provides a refined definition of “information system for business” as a coordinated set of material, non-material and human re-sourses components that is used to implement a set of procedures of form¬ing an information resource as a quality product that meets the needs of ex¬ternal and internal users. According to the study, information technologies play a key role in the modern business environment. Many economic enti¬ties carry out their economical activities exclusively bye using communica¬tion-digital networks and functional software which provide the infor-mation necessary for effective business management. Resently, it has been proven that the communication and information technologies have become an integral part of any modern information systems, since they increase the level of business competitiveness during use the operational management information on time.These information technologies ensure the work’s continuity of information systems for a long period of time with the possi¬bility of quick adaptation of the business to the digital transformation’s conditions, which reduce the formation’s cost of information resources.The role of such components of information technology as software, databases and computer networks, which, in turn, are key components of high-quality information systems, is disclosed.

Template-Based Definition of Information Systems and Enterprise Modelling Constructs

2011 ◽  
pp. 105-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Opdahl ◽  
Brian Henderson-Sellers
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Tool Support ◽  
Class Diagram ◽  
Object Constraint Language ◽  
Meta Model ◽  
Modelling Languages ◽  
Constraint Language ◽  
Uml Class Diagram ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Definition Of Information

The chapter reviews and augments a previously proposed template for defining enterprise and information systems (IS) modelling constructs. The purpose of the template is to provide clear and precise definitions of modelling constructs in a common format and, thereby, to facilitate intra- and inter-language integration. The template is based on the Bunge-Wand-Weber (BWW) model of information systems and has been used on several existing modelling languages and frameworks. It is defined by a meta-model expressed as a UML class diagram. The purpose of this chapter is to clarify the template further by formalising the meta-model through semi-formal constraints expressed in the object constraint language (OCL) and by populating the meta-model with definitions of example constructs from the UML version 1.4. The purpose is to make the template easier to understand, to validate it, to pave the way for stronger tool support for the template and to further our work on providing a complete template-based definition of the UML.

Business Rules in Databases

2005 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Antonio Badia
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Relational Databases ◽  
Database Systems ◽  
Business Rules ◽  
Business Rule ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Entity Relationship ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Definition Of Information ◽  
Exact Definition

Though informal, the concept of business rule is very important to the modeling and definition of information systems. Business rules are used to express many different aspects of the representation, manipulation and processing of data (Paton, 1999). However, perhaps due to its informal nature, business rules have been the subject of a limited body of research in academia. There is little agreement on the exact definition of business rule, on how to capture business rules in requirements specification (the most common conceptual models, entity-relationship and UML, have no proviso for capturing business rules), and, if captured at all, on how to express rules in database systems. Usually, business rules are implemented as triggers in relational databases. However, the concept of business rule is more versatile and may require the use of other tools.

Features of application of erp-systems in management accounting

Auditor ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Харакоз ◽  
Yu. Kharakoz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Automated Systems ◽  
Erp Systems ◽  
Enterprise Information ◽  
Enterprise Information Systems

The article is devoted to problems of application in the account field of automated systems to support management activities, which provide standardized business processes, different algorithms for data analysis and decision-making in order to improve management of the organization. Based on the research was made a reasoned conclusion about the need to unite the theory of management accounting methodology formalization and optimization of business processes, technology development and implementation of enterprise information systems taking into account the specifics of the company.

Informed Decision Making With Enterprise Dynamic Systems Control

2019 ◽  
pp. 694-707
Author(s):  
Sérgio Luís Guerreiro
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Requirements Elicitation ◽  
Informed Decision ◽  
Informed Decision Making ◽  
Organizational Complexity ◽  
Research Challenges ◽  
Open Research

Information systems are designed, implemented, and managed using abstractions layers to cope with the huge organizational complexity that is nowadays posed, and also to facilitate the discussion between the different stakeholders of an organization that have diverse perspectives and interpretations of it. Those discussions drive to the classical requirements elicitation stage that aims at identifying the best short-, mid-, or long-term models to view, understand, and operate the organization and to facilitate the forthcoming IS transformations. This chapter conceptualizes and identifies open research challenges in the scope of informed decision making applied to business processes execution environments. Control is used to cope the workarounds that occur while actors operate. A workaround occurs when an actor decides to adapt, improvise, or perform other changes to one or more aspects of an existing model. In some situations, a workaround could indicate new, and innovative, ways of actors performing their duties. It is not necessarily harmful for the organization.

Informed Decision Making With Enterprise Dynamic Systems Control

2018 ◽  
pp. 2154-2165
Author(s):  
Sérgio Luís Guerreiro
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Requirements Elicitation ◽  
Informed Decision ◽  
Informed Decision Making ◽  
Organizational Complexity ◽  
Research Challenges ◽  
Open Research

The information systems are designed, implemented and managed using abstractions layers to cope with the huge organizational complexity that is nowadays posed and also to facilitate the discussion between the different stakeholders of an organization that have diverse perspectives and interpretations of it. Those discussions drive to the classical requirements elicitation stage that aims at identifying the best short-, mid- or long-term models to view, understand and operate the organization and to facilitate the forthcoming IS transformations. This article conceptualizes and identifies open research challenges in the scope of informed decision-making applied to business processes execution environments. Control is used to cope the workarounds that occur while actors operate. A workaround occurs when an actor decide to adapt, improvise, or perform other change to one or more aspects of an existing model. In some situations, a workaround could indicate new, and innovative, ways of actors performing their duties. It is not necessarily harmful for the organization.

scholarly journals USE OF INFORMATION SYSTEM TOOLS FOR AUTOMATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES OF THE ENTERPRISE

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Dolgova ◽  
Halyna Yamnenko
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Operations Management ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Definition Of Information

Introduction. Information systems play an important role in increasing the efficiency of enterprises and supply chains, which is associated with their stability. Information systems are focused on "integration of information technology solutions and business processes to satisfy the information needs of enterprises. Information systems are not only formed by the combination of information and communication technologies, but also the way people interact with these technologies to support business processes. In this sense, well-functioning information systems are particular types of working systems in which people or machines perform processes and activities that use resources to produce specific products or services for consumers. Information systems for business operations management are a pyramid of systems that integrate transaction processing systems at the bottom to management systems, decision support systems, and executive systems at the top, and support decision making at each part of the supply chain. Purpose. To study the features of the use of information systems tools for automation of business processes of the enterprise, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of their application. Method. During the research, taking into account the purpose and objectives, general scientific and specific research methods were used. Among them: the method of scientific abstraction – in the systematization of the theoretical foundations of the use of information systems in enterprises, the method of system-structural analysis – in determining the features of information systems used to automate business processes; method of logical generalization – in the study of problems of application of information systems in enterprises; method of analysis and synthesis. Results. The importance of application of information technologies at automation of business processes of the enterprise is investigated in the article. The definition of information technologies is given. The list of advantages of use of information technologies in enterprise management is defined. Examples of programs used in the field of relationships with partners are given. Practical relevance. Due to the growing attention to the stable development of enterprises, the study aims to understand the role that information systems play in the automation of business processes. The potential of information systems for increasing the capacity to make management decisions and increasing productivity through the implementation of systems of corporate resources is important.

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