scholarly journals Wildlife Management Areas in Tanzania: Vulnerability and Survival Amidst COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehema Abeli Shoo ◽  
Elizabeth Kamili Mtui ◽  
Julius Modest Kimaro ◽  
Neema Robert Kinabo ◽  
Gladys Joseph Lendii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Funding Model ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
Global Shocks ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
The Right ◽  
Wildlife Management Areas

The establishment of Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs) has been adopted as intervention to safeguard the wildlife and their habitats outside the core protected areas in Tanzania. Along with their conservation role, WMAs provide an opportunity for local communities to derive economic benefits from wildlife-based enterprises on their land. WMAs primarily rely on revenues generated from photographic and hunting tourism to support operational activities and create incentives for the local communities to conserve wildlife resources. The current global travel restrictions and lockdown caused by an outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic have reduced a vital funding source for WMAs. This, therefore, undermines the ability to manage the wildlife resources and reward communities for the opportunity cost of their land and other costs associated with coexisting with wildlife. This chapter examines the extent to which the decline of tourism revenues as a result of the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has affected WMAs as a framework for local communities to manage and benefit from wildlife. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews on five WMAs in Northern Tanzania that were purposively selected based on their ability to generate a significant amount of revenues from tourism. Findings show that the decline of tourism revenues triggers unprecedented adverse effects on the conservation of wildlife resources within WMAs. Livelihood of the local communities is also affected due to loss of employment opportunities and drop-off of tourism income obtained from the sales of local goods to the tourists and tourist hotels. We recommend the creation of local mechanisms for revenue acquisition that are more resilient to global shocks, diversifying revenue-generating options within WMAs, and putting in place the right funding model that would warrant WMAs sustainability.

scholarly journals Partisipasi Masyarakat Lokal Dalam Pengembangan Pariwisata Di Desa Jatiluwih, Kabupaten Tabanan, Bali

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
I Gusti Agung Fajar Wisnu Wardana ◽  
I Made Adikampana
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Tourist Village ◽  
The Right ◽  
Participation Theory

      Tourism development should involve the local community as one of strakeholders in its management. In the management of tourist villages, local community should be active in tourism activities to gain the benefits . Therefore local communities also have the right to be able to earn the economic benefits equitably. This study aims to determine the participation of local communities in the management of tourism activites in the Jatiluwih Village, Bali. This research is important because local community participation in tourist village can determine sustainable development       The research methodology used in this study is a qualitative research, with observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation as well as using the concept of a tourism village and community participation theory to analyze the problems in the field.       The result shows that decision-making in local community participation is still lacking. They have chance to listened or hearded but their opinion not necesseraliy considered.  Benefits received by the local community from tourism activities are the community has begun to get the right share from the tourism  development of their village.   Keywords : Community  Participation, Tourism Development,JatiluwihVillage

scholarly journals Pengembangan Pariwisata Berbasis Masyarakat

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Putu Wira Parama Suta ◽  
I Gusti Agung Oka Mahagangga
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
Qualitative Observation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Participation Theory

Tourism development should involve the local community as one of  strakeholders interest in its management. Therefore local communities also have the right to be able to taste the economic benefits equitably. This study aims to determine the participation of local communities in the management in Ekowisata Kampoeng Kepiting Tuban, Bali. This research is important because local community participation in ecotourism can determine sustainable development The research methodology used in this study is a qualitative research, with qualitative observation, semi-structured interviews, and documents qualitative as well as using the concept of a tourist attraction, management and public participation theory to analyze the problems in the field. The results show management in Ekowisata Kampoeng Kepiting is organized by Fishermen Group Wanasari Tuban, Bali and the employees who work not only from members of the fishermen but also come from family members of fishermen. Local community participation in the management is classified into spontaneous participation.   Keywords: Community Participation, Tourism Management, Ekowisata Kampoeng Kepiting

scholarly journals Protected area entrance fees in Tanzania: The search for competitiveness and value for money

Koedoe ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Spenceley ◽  
Andrew Rylance ◽  
Sadiki L. Laiser
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Value For Money ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Wildlife Management Areas

User fees charged by Tanzania’s Game Reserves (GR) and Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs) have not changed since 2008. Although previous research has been done on visitors’ willingness-to-pay to enter national parks in Tanzania, none has been conducted on GRs and WMAs. This article assesses the entrance fees in GRs and WMAs, by comparing them with equivalent fees charged in Tanzania (at national parks and the Ngorongoro Crater) and also with regional protected areas in Botswana, Kenya, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe. Based on 28 semi-structured interviews with key stakeholder institutions working on tourism and conservation and more than 50 online survey responses from Tanzanian tourism operators, the research reviews local opinion and issues relating to adjusting current entrance fees. The article considers that while one objective for generating revenue from entrance fees is for conservation management, it is difficult to establish appropriate fees where there are gaps in knowledge about existing levels of visitation, tourism revenue and associated management costs.Conservation implications: This article has implications for protected area management practices, as it provides information on processes by which managers can review and revise entrance fee values.

Different Forms of Work Satisfaction

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Büssing ◽  
Thomas Bissels
Keyword(s):  
Work Satisfaction ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Global Satisfaction ◽  
Evaluative Processes ◽  
The Right ◽  
Level Of Aspiration

The extended model of different forms of work satisfaction ( Büssing, 1991 ), originally proposed by Bruggemann (1974) , is suggested as a distinctive qualitative approach to work satisfaction. Six forms of work satisfaction—progressive, stabilized, resigned satisfaction, constructive, fixated, resigned dissatisfaction—are derived from the constellation of four constituent variables: comparison of the actual work situation and personal aspirations, global satisfaction, changes in level of aspiration, controllability at work. Preliminary evidence from semi-structured interviews with 46 nurses shows that the dynamic model is headed in the right direction (qualitative differentiation of consistently high propertions of satisfied employees, uncovering processes of person-work situation interaction). Qualitative methods demonstrated their usefulness in accessing underlying cognitive and evaluative processes of the forms, which are often neglected by traditional attitude-based satisfaction research.

scholarly journals Teaching Global Citizenship in a Muslim-Majority Country: Perspectives of Teachers from the Religious, National, and International Education Sectors in Pakistan

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azeem Ashraf ◽  
Samson Maekele Tsegay ◽  
Jin Ning
Keyword(s):  
International Education ◽  
Global Citizenship ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Great Role ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
Islamic Identity ◽  
Islamic Values

Pakistan is a Muslim-majority country, and religion plays a great role in the life of society. This study examines how teachers from the religious, national, and international education sectors realize the concept of global citizenship education (GCE) in Pakistan. Based on 24 semi-structured interviews, this study found differences among the teachers’ understandings of the concept of GCE and its characteristics. Teachers from the national and religious curriculum sectors viewed GCE as a threat to Islamic values, whereas those from the international curriculum sector regarded GCE as an opportunity for improving the economic development and image of Pakistan. Moreover, the teachers from the religious sector argued for the cultivation of Islamic identity instead of GCE. However, the teachers from the national curriculum sector noted the economic benefits of GCE and were keen on global citizenship principles that do not conflict with national and Islamic values. The different perceptions held by teachers from the three educational sectors indicate the need for more work on GCE to narrow the conflicting agendas and broaden the understandings within Pakistani society. Creating common ideas within these different sectors of education is significant for developing sustainable peace within the divided society.

scholarly journals Mealtime Care for People With Dementia: What Do Nursing Home Staff Think?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 182-183
Author(s):  
James Faraday ◽  
Clare Abley ◽  
Catherine Exley ◽  
Joanne Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Direct Care Staff ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Comparison Approach ◽  
The Right

Abstract More and more people with dementia are living in nursing homes (NH). Often, they depend on NH staff for help with eating and drinking. It is important that staff have the skills and support they need to provide good care at mealtimes. This qualitative study explores mealtime care for people with dementia, from the perspective of NH staff. Semi-structured interviews with NH staff (n=16) were carried out in two nursing homes. The homes were chosen to have diverse characteristics: one home had a large number of beds and was part of a small local organization; the other had a small number of beds and was part of a large national organization. Various staff members were interviewed, including direct care staff, senior carers, nurses, managers, and kitchen staff. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. A constant comparison approach was taken, so that data from early interviews were explored in more depth subsequently. From the analysis, five themes emerged as important in mealtime care for people with dementia living in nursing homes: Setting the right tone; Working well as a team; Knowing the residents; Promoting autonomy and independence; Gently persevering. This work forms part of a larger ethnographic study on the topic, which includes data from residents with dementia, and family carers. Results will inform the development of a staff training intervention to optimize mealtime care for this population.

scholarly journals The transition to general management in South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Mallaby ◽  
Gavin Price ◽  
Karl Hofmeyr
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
General Manager ◽  
General Management ◽  
General Managers ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
The Right

Orientation: Understanding the nature and challenges of making the transition from a functional role to a general management role in South African organisations.Research purpose: The objective of this study was to gain insight into the obstacles that affect the transition from functional to general management and identify steps that may be taken to overcome these challenges.Motivation for the study: One of the most difficult crossroads for a manager is making the shift from being a functional specialist to becoming a general manager. New competencies and behaviours are required, as well as a more strategic mind set. If the transition is not made successfully, the manager and the organisation suffer.Research design, approach and method: A qualitative design was used consisting of in-depth, semi-structured interviews, with 19 senior business leaders who had successfully made the transition. The interviews were used to gather insights into the challenges they faced during their transitions, and how these were overcome.Main findings: To make the transition successfully, functional managers need to gain relevant experience to prepare them for the broader scope of a general management role. They need to develop appropriate skills, attitudes and personal characteristics. Mentoring is an effective development process. Newly appointed general managers need to learn to let go of control while maintaining ownership, build relationships and strike the right balance between strategic thinking and execution. There are unique aspects of being a general manager in South Africa, such as dealing with Black Economic Empowerment and challenges of race and identity, given the country’s history.Practical and managerial implications: Specific interventions are suggested which are directed at both aspiring general managers and organisations seeking to assist middle managers to make the transition to general managers.Contribution: This study contributes to knowledge concerning the skills and attributes required by potential general managers, and the practical steps to be taken by South African organisations to facilitate the development of general managers. 

Collaborative design in public services: a wicked problem-reframing case

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Moura e Sá ◽  
Catarina Frade ◽  
Fernanda Jesus ◽  
Mónica Lopes ◽  
Teresa Maneca Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Design ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Wicked Problem ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

PurposeWicked problems require collaborative innovation approaches. Understanding the problem from the users' perspective is essential. Based on a complex and ill-defined case, the purpose of the current paper is to identify some critical success factors in defining the “right problem” to be addressed.Design/methodology/approachAn empirical research study was carried out in a low-density municipality (case study). Extensive data were collected from official databases, individual semi-structured interviews and a focus group involving citizens, local authorities, civil servants and other relevant stakeholders.FindingsAs defined by the central government, the problem to be addressed by the research team was to identify which justice services should be made available locally to a small- and low-density community. The problem was initially formulated using top-down reasoning. In-depth contact with citizens and key local players revealed that the lack of justice services was not “the issue” for that community. Mobility constraints and the shortage of economic opportunities had a considerable impact on the lack of demand for justice services. By using a bottom-up perspective, it was possible to reframe the problem to be addressed and suggest a new concept to be tested at later stages.Social implicationsThe approach followed called attention to the importance of listening to citizens and local organisations with a profound knowledge of the territory to effectively identify and circumscribe a local problem in the justice field.Originality/valueThe paper highlights the limitations of traditional rational problem-solving approaches and contributes to expanding the voice-of-the-customer principle showing how it can lead to a substantially new definition of the problem to be addressed.

Mock Research Proposal on Unregistered Syrian Climate Refugees in Jarraheih Camp of Bekaa, Lebanon

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Silverberg
Keyword(s):  
Community Organization ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Official Status ◽  
Climate Refugees

Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century, displacing a global annual average of 26.4 million people due to climate-related disasters. Currently, over 1.1 million Syrian refugees have fled to Lebanon due to climate-related drought and subsequent war, with 320,000 who remain unregistered by the UNHCR. Unregistered refugees are restricted from accessing services, shelter, and financial means for survival and risk arrest, detention, and deportation by Lebanese authorities for not having proper documentation and paid residency fees. These consequences are felt the most in refugee camps along the Syrian-Lebanese border region such as Bekaa, Lebanon. Despite the presence of humanitarian aid, refugees in camps are left in legal limbo, deprived of accessing the right to have rights. Specifically, for climate refugees, international treaties or future mitigation mechanisms are lacking, exacerbating their vulnerability. Therefore, this research questions the physical and social experiences of unregistered Syrian climate refugees in the Jarrahieh camp, Bekaa, Lebanon. The intention is to determine how these refugees, without official status, are impacted and coping with current federal and international legislative measures. By working with the refugees and key local actors, this research aims to understand how solidary and community organization can be formed within the current legal system to facilitate smoother adaptation and resettlement for climate refugees. Using participatory observation, focus groups, semi-structured interviews, and archival research, the practical outcome is a solidarity group that is established, run, and evaluated by a sample of unregistered Syrian climate refugee men and women aged 18-65.

KEPEMILIKAN DAN PENGUASAAN OBJEK JAMINAN FIDUSIA APABILA TERJADI SENGKETA WANPRESTASI DALAM PERJANJIAN KREDIT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Dija Hedistira ◽  
' Pujiyono
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
The Other ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

<p>Abstract<br />This article aims to analyze the ownership and mastery of a fiduciary collateral object, in cases that often occur today, many disputes between creditors and debtors in fiduciary collateral agreements are caused because creditors assume that with executive rights as fiduciary recipients, the fiduciary collateral object legally owned by creditors and creditors the right to take and sell fiduciary collateral objects when the debtor defaults unilaterally, as well as the debtor who considers that the fiduciary collateral object is owned by him because the object is registered on his name, so that the debtor can use the object free as  giving to a third party or selling the object of fiduciary guarantee unilaterally. the author uses a normative <br />juridical approach, and deductive analysis method based on the Civil Code and fiduciary law applicable in Indonesia, Law No. 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Guarantees. The conclusion of the discussion is the ownership of the object of the Fiduciary Guarantee is owned by the debtor in accordance with the Law, mastery of the object of collateral controlled by the debtor for economic benefits, the procedure of execution The object of Fiduciary Guarantee is carried out in accordance with the Fiduciary Guarantee Act, an alternative mediation in resolving the dispute. There needs to be clarity in the use of language in making a law, so as not to conflict with each other between Article one and the other Articles.<br />Keywords: Ownership; Mastery; Object of Fiduciary Guarantee; Debtor; Creditors.</p><p>Abstrak<br />Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tentang kepemilikan dan penguasaan suatu objek jaminan fidusia, dalam kasus yang saat ini sering terjadi, banyak sengketa antara kreditur dan debitur dalam perjanjian jaminan fidusia disebabkan karena kreditur beranggapan bahwa dengan adanya hak eksekutorial sebagai penerima fidusia, maka objek jaminan fidusia tersebut secara sah dimiliki oleh kreditur dan kreditur berhak mengambil dan menjual objek jaminan fidusia saat debitur cidera janji<br />(wanprestasi) secara sepihak, begitupun dengan debitur yang menganggap bahwa objek jaminan fidusia tersebut dimiliki olehnya karena objek tersebut terdaftar atas namannya, sehingga debitur dapat mempergunakan objek tersebut secara bebas seperti menyerahkan kepada pihak ketiga atau menjual objek jaminan fidusia tersebut secara sepihak. penulis menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif, dan metode analisis deduktif yang didasarkan pada Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata<br />dan hukum jaminan fidusia yang berlaku di Indonesia, Undang-Undang No. 42 Tahun 1999 tentang Jaminan Fidusia. Kesimpulan pembahasan adalah Kepemilikan Objek Jaminan Fidusia dimiliki oleh debitur sesuai Undang-undang, penguasaan objek jaminan dikuasai debitur untuk manfaat ekonomis, prosedur eksekusi Objek Jaminan Fidusia dilakukan sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Jaminan Fidusia, alternatif secara mediasi dalam menyelesaikan sengketa yang terjadi. Perlu ada kejelasan dalam<br />penggunaan bahasa pada pembuatan suatu Undang-Undang, agar tidak saling bertentangan antar Pasal satu dengan Pasal yang lainnya. <br />Kata Kunci: Kepemilikan; Penguasaan; Objek Jaminan Fidusia; Debitur; Kreditur.</p>

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