scholarly journals Biosynthesis Pathways of Vitamin E and Its Derivatives in Plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makhlouf Chaalal ◽  
Siham Ydjedd
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathways ◽  
Edible Plant ◽  
Methylerythritol Phosphate Pathway ◽  
Methylerythritol Phosphate ◽  
Photosynthetic Organisms ◽  
And Function

Naturally occurring vitamin E, comprised of four forms each of tocopherols and tocotrienols, are synthesized solely by photosynthetic organisms and function primarily as antioxidants. The structural motifs of the vitamin E family and specifically the chroman moiety, are amenable to various modifications in order to improve their bioactivities towards numerous therapeutic targets. Tocopherols are lipophilic antioxidants and together with tocotrienols belong to the vitamin-E family. These lipid-soluble compounds are potent antioxidants that protect polyunsaturated fatty acids from lipid peroxidation. Biosynthetic pathways of plants producing a diverse array of natural products that are important for plant function, agriculture, and human nutrition. Edible plant-derived products, notably seed oils, are the main sources of vitamin E in the human diet. The biosynthesis of tocopherols takes place mainly in plastids of higher plants from precursors derived from two metabolic pathways: homogentisic acid, an intermediate of degradation of aromatic amino acids, and phytyldiphosphate, which arises from methylerythritol phosphate pathway. Tocopherols and tocotrienols play an important roles in the oxidative stability of vegetable oils and in the nutritional quality of crop plants for human and livestock diets. Here, we review major biosynthetic pathways, including common precursors and competitive pathways of the vitamin E and its derivatives in plants.

Vitamin E prolongs survival and function of porcine Leydig cells in culture

1983 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P Mather ◽  
J. M. Saez ◽  
F. Dray ◽  
F. Haour
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathways ◽  
Testicular Cells ◽  
Secretory Products ◽  
And Function ◽  
Prostaglandins E

Abstract. Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) is known to be required for testicular function but its action on specific testicular cells has not yet been studied. The present study used procine Leydig cell cultures, in a hormone-supplemented medium, to study the effect of vitamin E (vit E) on Leydig cells. It was seen that the addition of vit E to the medium led to an increase in cell survival, lengthening the life span of the cultures from 3–4 days to more than a week. The Leydig cells maintained their LH/hCG receptors and responsiveness throughout this period as evidenced by an increase in testosterone (T) and prostaglandin secretion. The hCG stimulated T levels were synergistically increased in the presence of vitamin E, while basal levels of T secretion were not changed. Other secretory products of Leydig cells are prostaglandins E2 and F2α. It was found that the addition of vit E inhibited both the basal prostaglandin levels and the stimulated levels by 90%. Maximal effects on all of these parameters were seen at 10 ng/ml vit E. It is obvious that vit E plays a critical role in maintaining porcine Leydig cells in primary cultures beyond the first 3 days. This vitamin seems to be involved both in steroidogenesis and in prostaglandin production in the Leydig cells. The exact mechanism of the action of vit E these two biosynthetic pathways remains to be determined.

Distraction Osteogenesis in the Treatment of Craniofacial Anomalies: Applications and Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1469-1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Napoli ◽  
Carrie E. Zimmerman ◽  
Linda D. Vallino
Keyword(s):  
Distraction Osteogenesis ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Craniofacial Anomalies ◽  
Craniofacial Skeleton ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Psychosocial Impairment ◽  
And Function ◽  
Correct Structure

Purpose Craniofacial anomalies (CFA) often result in growth abnormalities of the facial skeleton adversely affecting function and appearance. The functional problems caused by the structural anomalies include upper airway obstruction, speech abnormalities, feeding difficulty, hearing deficits, dental/occlusal defects, and cognitive and psychosocial impairment. Managing disorders of the craniofacial skeleton has been improved by the technique known as distraction osteogenesis (DO). In DO, new bone growth is stimulated allowing bones to be lengthened without need for bone graft. The purpose of this clinical focus article is to describe the technique and clinical applications and outcomes of DO in CFA. Conclusion Distraction can be applied to various regions of the craniofacial skeleton to correct structure and function. The benefits of this procedure include improved airway, feeding, occlusion, speech, and appearance, resulting in a better quality of life for patients with CFA.

Surgery for Lung Cancer and the Consequences for the Swallow

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 162-168
Author(s):  
Pippa Hales ◽  
Corinne Mossey-Gaston
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Vocal Cord Palsy ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Physiological Reserve ◽  
Palliative Phase ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Swallow Function

Lung cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers across Northern America and Europe. Treatment options offered are dependent on the type of cancer, the location of the tumor, the staging, and the overall health of the person. When surgery for lung cancer is offered, difficulty swallowing is a potential complication that can have several influencing factors. Surgical interaction with the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) can lead to unilateral vocal cord palsy, altering swallow function and safety. Understanding whether the RLN has been preserved, damaged, or sacrificed is integral to understanding the effect on the swallow and the subsequent treatment options available. There is also the risk of post-surgical reduction of physiological reserve, which can reduce the strength and function of the swallow in addition to any surgery specific complications. As lung cancer has a limited prognosis, the clinician must also factor in the palliative phase, as this can further increase the burden of an already compromised swallow. By understanding the surgery and the implications this may have for the swallow, there is the potential to reduce the impact of post-surgical complications and so improve quality of life (QOL) for people with lung cancer.

Plant hormones, plant growth regulators

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (26) ◽  
pp. 1011-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Végvári ◽  
Edina Vidéki
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Wide Sense ◽  
Large Scale Integration ◽  
Scale Integration ◽  
And Function

Plants seem to be rather defenceless, they are unable to do motion, have no nervous system or immune system unlike animals. Besides this, plants do have hormones, though these substances are produced not in glands. In view of their complexity they lagged behind animals, however, plant organisms show large scale integration in their structure and function. In higher plants, such as in animals, the intercellular communication is fulfilled through chemical messengers. These specific compounds in plants are called phytohormones, or in a wide sense, bioregulators. Even a small quantity of these endogenous organic compounds are able to regulate the operation, growth and development of higher plants, and keep the connection between cells, tissues and synergy beween organs. Since they do not have nervous and immume systems, phytohormones play essential role in plants’ life. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(26), 1011–1018.

Regeneration of market squares in historic town centres: ideas, discussions, controversies

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
Natalia Bursiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
And Function ◽  
Historic Cities ◽  
Lower Silesia

Abstract In Poland, the last 15 years have been marked by various, numerous regeneration projects of historic cities that were supposed to improve the citizens quality of life and their security, as well as to create an attractive tourist offer. Those programs were often focused on the renewal, reshape and modernization of public squares. Such changes never go unnoticed. On contrary, these are frequently associated with criticism, debate and disagreements. The research has been focused on the analysis of regeneration projects from selected Market Squares in historic cities and town centres in Lower Silesia. The main aim was to exhibit the medieval origin of those squares and recently introduced contemporary layout. Moreover it was to present diverse opinions regarding square’s form and function, that can be crucial in understanding the architects, planners and citizens’ points of view and their ‘feelings’ towards the space.

Research on Construction and Function of Safety Monitoring Sys- tem for Integrated Construction Site Based on BIM

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Xin
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Safety Monitoring ◽  
Information Collection ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Management Efficiency ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Safety Monitoring System ◽  
And Function

The effective construction of safety monitoring system at construction site depends on perfect management system and advanced technical support. And the lack of information technology platform, resulting in reduced management efficiency, information is not accurate and other issues. Based on the construction site safety monitoring system to achieve the goal, to do a good job in advance prevention, to take the latest information collection technology RFID and BIM integrated comprehensive and effective monitoring of the construction site, constitute the main technology in the monitoring system, thus ensuring the construction site safety monitoring efficiency , Comprehensive, real-time, etc., on the management and technical two points to achieve the construction site safety monitoring, improve the quality of safety management.

PUBLIC SECTOR SERVICE INNOVATION COMPARISON

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 826-844
Author(s):  
Ellyza Octaleny
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Employee Welfare ◽  
Low Education ◽  
And Function ◽  
Public Sector Service ◽  
Sector Service

Abstrak Inovasi merupakan suatu hal penting yang harus dimiliki oleh sebuah organisasi pemberi layanan sektor publik. Instansi pemerintah sebagai pemberi layanan dituntut memiliki inovasi untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan inovasi pelayanan sektor publik di RSUD Prof. Margono dan Lembaga Permasyarakatan Nusakambangan Cilacap. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1). Kurangnya personil pegawai yang sesuai dengan tugas dan fungsinya; 2). Kuangnya kesejahteraan pegawai sehingga kinerja pegawai rendah dan tidak berkualitas; 3). Pegawai berpendidikan rendah sehingga tidak sesuai dengan beban tugas dan fungsinya. Rekomendasi untuk kedua Lembaga sector public tersebut dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1). Penambahan personel pegawai sesuai dengan tugas dan fungsinya sehingga cakupan kewenangannya luas; 2) Lebih memperhatikan kesejahteraan pegawai sehingga pegawai termotivasi untuk bekerja dengan baik dan berkualitas; 3) Memberikan Kemudahan kepada pegawai yang ingin melanjutkan pendidikannya kejenjang yang lebih tinggi sehingga kualitas Pendidikan personel lebih seimbang dengan beban kerja. Kata Kunci: Inovasi, Pelayanan, SektorPublik   Abstract Innovation is an important thing that must be owned by an organization that provides public sector services. Government agencies as service providers are required to have innovations to improve the quality of services to the community. This study aims to compare public sector service innovations in hospitals. Prof. Margono and the Nusa kambangan Penitentiary. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The findings in this study are: 1). Lack of employee personnel in accordance with their duties and functions; 2). The lack of employee welfare so that employee performance is low and not qualified; 3). Employees have low education so that it is not suitable with their work load and function. The recommendations for the two public sector institutions in this study are: 1). The addition of employee personnel in accordance with their duties and functions so that the scope of their authority is broad; 2) Pay more attention to employee welfare so that employees are motivated to work well and quality; 3) Providing convenience to employees who want to continue their education to a higher level so that the quality of personnel education is more balanced with the workload. Keywords: Innovation, Service, Public Sector  

SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN ANALISIS KEPUASAN MAHASISWA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN SARANA LABORATORIUM SISTEM INFORMASI

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Rahmadini Darwas
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Laboratory Facilities ◽  
Cold Room ◽  
And Function ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Role And Function

<p><strong><em>Abstract<br /></em></strong><em>Laboratory is one of the supporting facilities in im[roving the learning process. Problems found by students regarding the information system laboratory facilities at STMIK Indonesia Padang are</em><em> the computers that suddenly die when operated, the less cold room, display data is blurred, making the inconvenience in the learning process that causes the students less satisfied with the services provided. Students will feel satisfied if the service is expected to match the received. Therefore, a decision support system is needed to analyze the quality of services provided to the students so that it can support the role and function of the laboratory optimally and what attributes need to be improved the quality of service. The method used is Fuzzy Service Quality (Servqual) method. The results showed that the service quality received was not in accordance with the expected because there is a gap of -1.55 for tangibles dimension. Attributes that need to be improved the quality of services are laboratory space is cool and comfortable, the use of laboratories relevant to the field of science, the responsibility of laboratory assistant, the availability of professional teachers and attitudes and behavior of labor officers.<br /></em></p><p><strong><em>Abstrak<br /></em></strong>Laboratorium merupakan salah satu fasilitas pendukung dalam meningkatkan proses pembelajaran. Permasalahan yang ditemukan mahasiswa mengenai fasilitas laboratorium sistem informasi pada STMIK Indonesia Padang adalah komputer yang tiba-tiba mati saat dioperasikan, ruangan yang kurang dingin, data <em>display</em> yang buram sehingga membuat ketidaknyamanan dalam proses pembelajaran yang menyebabkan mahasiswa kurang puas terhadap layanan yang diberikan. Mahasiswa akan merasa puas apabila layanan yang diharapkan sesuai dengan yang diterima. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan suatu sistem pendukung keputusan untuk menganalisis kualitas layanan yang diberikan kepada mahasiswa sehingga dapat mendukung peran dan fungsi laboratorium secara optimal serta atribut apa saja yang perlu ditingkatkan kualitas layanannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode <em>Fuzzy Service Quality </em>(<em>Servqua</em>l). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas layanan yang diterima belum sesuai dengan yang diharapkan karena terdapat <em>gap</em> sebesar -1.55 untuk dimensi <em>tangibles</em>. Atribut yang perlu ditingkatkan kualitas layanannya yaitu ruangan laboratorium yang sejuk dan nyaman, penggunaan laboratorium yang relevan dengan bidang ilmu, tanggungjawab asisten labor, tersedianya tenaga pengajar yang professional dan sikap serta perilaku petugas labor</p><p><strong><em>Kata kunci</em></strong><strong> : sistem pendukung keputusan, laboratorium, <em>fuzzy</em>, <em>servqual</em></strong></p><p><strong><em><br /></em></strong></p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document