scholarly journals FDI and Its Impact on Trade in the East Asian Transition Economies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Jin Kang ◽  
Seon Ju Lee
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Transition Countries ◽  
Complementary Effect ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Impact

As globalization and trade liberalization have increased integration of the world economy through financial and trade flows, the role of FDI and trade on economic growth is becoming more influential. This paper investigates the impact of FDI on trade of the East Asian economic transition countries, namely the China, Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Vietnam, employing FDI flow and FDI stock data separately. The data from these four countries during the period 1990–2019 have been collected, and OLS and panel within fixed effect estimators are utilized. The main findings show that, first, when estimated using FDI flow as independent variable, there exists complementary effect between FDI and trade, and the coefficients are significant except for Cambodia. Second, when estimated using FDI stock as independent variable, the impact of FDI decreases and even substitutability effect is found in China at significant level. Third, in both cases, the coefficient of FDI is shown positive and significant in Vietnam. In addition, the paper finds the effects of human capital, GDP, and WTO accession on trade are positive, while the effects of exchange rate, financial development, and tariff rate vary among the East Asian economic transition countries.

scholarly journals Growth and industrial policy during transition

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (201) ◽  
pp. 7-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bozidar Cerovic ◽  
Aleksandra Nojkovic ◽  
Milica Uvalic
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Transition Countries ◽  
Important Change ◽  
Industrial Manufacturing ◽  
Global Recession ◽  
Level Of Economic Development

After twenty-five years of economic transition economic performance varies considerably in transition countries, while in most cases current outcomes show that the desired effects have not been achieved. In this paper we elaborate on why industrial policy has been a key missing element in the transition and has greatly contributed to the unexpectedly small and slow pace of economic recovery. After discussing the achieved level of economic development we undertake an empirical analysis in order to define the role of several important factors of growth, as seen at the beginning of transition (reform progress, macroeconomic stabilisation, initial conditions) and those that attracted particular attention during the global crisis (industrial/manufacturing output, exports). The analysis shows that the growth model in transition economies has altered both over time and in relation to the progress of transition reforms. The most important change concerns the share of industrial output in GDP, which is found to be one of the most important factors of growth after the initial phase of reform. These results suggest that transition economies should implement industrial policy measures as an integral part of their reform strategy instead of just speeding up reforms as the key (if not the only) element of government policy. Based on these results, we explore what would be a viable and proper industrial policy in transition countries, particularly what should be done in current conditions after the damaging effects of the recurrent global recession, and make some policy suggestions.

scholarly journals FENOMENA MIGRASI TENAGA KERJA DAN PERANNYA BAGI PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH ASAL: STUDI EMPIRIS DI KABUPATEN WONOGIRI

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Didit Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Regional Origin ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Impact

This research analyzes (a) patterns of labor migration from Wonogiri Regency, (b) the impact of migration on the welfare level by taking into account the income level of migrant Wonogiri Regency, and (c) the role of migrants seen from homelands conditions. The results of binary logistic analysis showed that the variables age, education, and marital status, have a significant effect on intention nomads to settle in the overseas area. Based on survey findings in the field, 88.8 percent of Wonogiri nomads do not want to settle in the overseas regions. The economic analysis through linear regression analysis to explain the role of the nomads and the impact on the regional origin that shows only one independent variable that is used has a significant influence on the local nomads income overseas, namely: level of education, while the other independent variables are family dependents, ownership of property in the area of origin, length of stay in overseas, and marital status had no significant effect.

Trade and Industrial Policy for Development

2016 ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Thoburn
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Washington Consensus ◽  
World War ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second World

This chapter looks at policies for industrialization in developing countries, considering changes that have taken place since the Second World War, including the rise and subsequent demise of the so-called Washington Consensus approach. It discusses import substituting industrialization, export development, trade liberalization and the impact of post-2000 new WTO rules on trade-related policy measures. It shows how the East Asian model of substantial government intervention in the economy has been followed by a number of successful countries, not just Japan, Korea and Taiwan, but also China and Vietnam.

A heteropatriarchy in moderation: Reading family in a Thai Boys Love lakhon

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Ying-kit Chan
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Parental Acceptance ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Cultural Concepts ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact

A subgenre of popular culture, Thai Boys Love (BL) series is increasingly significant within Asia, but it remains under-researched in the light of new series that push the parameters of viewer acceptance of homoerotic romance in Thai society. Drawing upon a close reading of the BL lakhon Love by Chance, this article explicates how Thai cultural concepts surrounding the family are reflected in the series. While acknowledging the impact of East Asian popular culture on Thai understandings of gender and sexuality, the article highlights how the themes of familial dynamics and parental acceptance in Love by Chance represent a glocalization of the BL genre, or BL with Thai characteristics. By introducing the concept of ‘moderated heteropatriarchy’ and sketching the role of family in Thai queer lives, the article suggests that there is still space for subtle challenges or changes to the heteronormative structure as plotted in Love by Chance, even as the lakhon continues to uphold national and patriarchal principles that deny overt expressions of homoerotic romance.

The administrative monopoly in China’s economic transition

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Guo ◽  
Angang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economies ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Transition Countries ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Administrative Monopoly ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Unique Type

Corruption in transition economies has become the very focus of many recent discussions on politics and economics. However, the existing research has not taken full account of the experience of the gradual transition countries, especially China, and the incentives for rent creation in the transition process. Based on existing studies in this field, this paper addresses a new category of corruption in transition economies. In the context of the rent seeking theory, the authors examine what they regard as a unique type of corruption in China—administrative monopoly (AM), and outline its essence, causes, forms, features, the scale of the rent created, and the dissipation of the rent.

Transboundary and Global Environmental Issues: The Role of asean

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koh Kheng-Lian
Keyword(s):  
East Asian ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Regional Organizations ◽  
Avian Flu ◽  
Global Environmental Problems ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Environmental Issues

AbstractThis contribution focuses on the challenges that regional organizations face as they are increasingly confronted with, and need to respond to, transboundary and global environmental problems. Ever more frequently, environmental issues that begin as matters of national concern rapidly become transboundary in scope. As exemplified by the outbreak of avian flu, integrated national, regional and international efforts are necessary to tackle transboundary environmental issues which, by their very definition, call for a coordinated effort. This article will concentrate on the impact of transboundary environmental challenges on the objectives and functions of the Association of South East Asian Nations (asean).

scholarly journals 2006-2012 Land Cover and Use Changes in Romania – An Overall Assessment Based on Corine Data

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
Alexandru-Ionuţ Petrişor ◽  
Liliana Elza Petrişor
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Transitional Dynamics ◽  
Drivers Of Change ◽  
The Impact

AbstractLand cover and use changes are an important component of the global changes, and in relationship with their transitional dynamics reflect the impact of socio-economic transition. This study is aimed at exploring the land cover and use changes occurred during 2006-2012 in Romania with respect to their spatial distribution over the regions of development and main transitional dynamics. The results suggest that the main drivers of change are deforestation and urbanization, accounting for 3/4 of all changes, and that the most affected regions are the northwest, southwest, center and northeast ones. Overall, the findings suggest a continuation of the trends from the previous periods, characteristic to transition economies.

scholarly journals Will the role of intercontinental transport change in a changing climate?

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 26489-26527 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Glotfelty ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
P. Karamchandani ◽  
D. G. Streets
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Climate Forcing ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Intercontinental Transport ◽  
Future Emission ◽  
Radiative Feedbacks ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Intercontinental transport of atmospheric pollution (ITAP) can offset the impact of local emission control efforts, impact human and ecosystem health, and play a role in climate forcing. This study aims to determine the role of ITAP caused by East Asian anthropogenic emissions (EAAEs) under current and future emission and climate scenarios. ITAP from East Asia is enhanced in the future due to faster wind speeds aloft and a stronger low pressure center over Eastern Russia that facilitate enhanced westerly export in the free troposphere and stronger southerly transport near the surface, increased gaseous precursor emissions, and increased temperatures. As a result, the contribution of ozone (O3) generated by EAAEs to the global average O3 mixing ratio increases by ~0.8 ppb from 1.2 ppb in 2001 to 2.0 ppb in 2050. The contribution of PM2.5 generated by EAAEs to the global PM2.5 level increases by ~0.07 μg m−3 from 0.32 μg m−3 in 2001 to 0.39 μg m−3 in 2050, despite a non-homogenous response in PM2.5 resulting from cloud and radiative feedbacks. EAAEs can increase East Asian biogenic secondary organic aerosol by 10–81%, indicating that it is largely controllable. EAAEs also increase the deposition of nitrogen, black carbon, and mercury both locally and downwind, implying that they may play a role in climate feedbacks and ecosystem health of these regions. These results show that EAAEs have a~large impact on global air quality and climate, especially on downwind regions. Such impacts may be enhanced under future climate and emission scenarios, demonstrating a need to synergize global pollution control and climate mitigation efforts.

Agriculture, Trade Liberalization and Poverty in the ACP Countries

2019 ◽  
pp. 1408-1427
Author(s):  
Theresa Ann Rajack-Talley
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
Small Producers ◽  
The Impact

This chapter looks specifically at the impact of the ACP agriculture trade agreements on issues of food production, food security and poverty and how they relate in some ways to each other. It is divided into four distinct but inter-related sections. First, poverty in the ACP regions is briefly described. Secondly, the importance of agriculture, particularly the role of small farming systems to economic growth, employment, food production, food security and poverty reduction in the ACP countries is examined. Thirdly, the impact of the acceleration of trade liberalization and agriculture protectionism on ACP countries is reviewed and analyzed. Here, the trade arrangements and networks in the three ACP regions are described and include international, regional and local agricultural trade and market agreements. Further, the paradoxes and dilemmas that emerge are interrogated and their outcomes discussed. Particular attention is paid to small producers and women. The fourth and final section of the chapter concludes that while the impact of agriculture trade liberalization remains a mixed bag of positive and negative possibilities, one thing that is clear is that while trade liberalization is promoted as a cure for food security and world poverty, the jury is still out on whether it has helped or hindered this endeavour. Trade policies and arrangements do substantially change the lives of people in developing countries, but in very complex ways. Recommendations are made to support the South-South initiatives of the ACP and others as well as enhance regional and domestic agriculture production and trade policies. The author, however, warns that agriculture and trade policies must be linked closer to food security and the healthy diets of local populations.

Corporate governance and residual state property (two qualitative shortcomings of privatization in transition countries)

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wladimir Andreff
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Transition Countries ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Informal Networks ◽  
Privileged Position ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Irregular Economy

The privatization in transition countries generated distorsions. Among the most dangerous distorsions are those introduced by a non legal or criminal privatization of management with the help of former or new informal networks connecting managers to the irregular economy and to some extent to the mafia. State regulation is required to control again monopoly power in privatized utilities and sectors where private stakes have won privileged position. It should be better to recognize the unavoidable role of the state in economic restructuring and use its intervention as a complementary - rather than an antagonistic - tool of the economic transition.

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