scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Spectral Irradiance on the Performance of Different Photovoltaic Technologies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Aminul Islam ◽  
Nabilah M. Kassim ◽  
Ammar Ahmed Alkahtani ◽  
Nowshad Amin
Keyword(s):  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Photocurrent Generation ◽  
Copper Indium ◽  
Photovoltaic Technologies

The performance of photovoltaic (PV) solar cells is influenced by solar irradiance as well as temperature. Particularly, the average photon energy of the solar spectrum is different for low and high light intensity, which influences the photocurrent generation by the PV cells. Even if the irradiance level and the operating temperature remain constant, the efficiency will still depend on the technological parameters of the PV cell, which in turn depends on the used PV material’s absorption quality and the spectral responsivity and cell structure. This study is devoted to the review of different commercially available technologies of PV cells include crystalline silicon (c-Si), polycrystalline silicon (pc-Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe), and copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS). We tried to correlate the spectral response or the photocurrent of different PV cells with the variations of the solar spectrum, environmental conditions, and the material properties and construction of PV cells.

Spectral Mismatch Correlated With Air Mass Under Varying Clear Sky Conditions for Photovoltaic Facilities With Crystalline-Silicon Modules: Solar Spectral Effects — An EPC Contractor’s Perspective

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Minimal Impact

Photovoltaic utility-scale grid-connected power generation facilities have performance guarantee bases that often include a reference solar spectrum. EPC contractors are obligated to correct tested performance for solar spectrum, as is done for irradiance and cell temperature, to judge whether contractual performance guarantees have been satisfied. Air mass correlated with solar spectral irradiance offers a convenient way of accomplishing this. This paper offers an improvement in the versatility and accuracy of accounting for spectral effects in this manner. The effects on the spectral composition by atmospheric constituents, like aerosols and water vapor, are investigated. Spectral mismatch curves are derived that characterize the responses of the PV modules and the irradiance measurement device to both the estimated test and the reference solar spectra. Comparison of several supplier performance curves and spectral mismatch curves reveals significant discrepancies. An improvement in accuracy is proposed by the use of supplier spectral response data and estimated solar spectral profiles. Correcting for spectral effects has minimal impact at air mass values near the 1.5 reference value, but grows in significance with increasing air mass. Greater precision in accounting for solar spectral effects on PV plant performance is expected as this segment of the power generation industry matures. This paper proposes a methodology that addresses this expectation.

scholarly journals Spectral Irradiance Influence on Solar Cells Efficiency

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5017
Author(s):  
David Leitão ◽  
João Paulo N. Torres ◽  
João F. P. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Optical Filters ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Copper Indium ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Pass

This paper investigates the influence of the spectral irradiance variation and the spectral response (SR) on the production of energy by photovoltaic cells. To determine the impact of SR and spectral irradiance on m-Si and perovskite cells, experimental tests were conducted outdoors, used optical filters to select different zones of the spectrum. For the computational simulations of the different photovoltaic modules, when subjected to a certain spectral irradiance, a model with spectral factor (SF) was implemented. The SF model accurately simulated the experiments performed for the high-pass filters. The highest relative errors for certain irradiation bands occurred due to the input variables used in the model, which did not fully describe the reality of the experiments performed. The effect of the SR and the spectral irradiance for each of them were observed through the simulations for the m-Si, a-Si, CdTe, and copper indium selenide (CIS) modules. The CIS technology presented a better overall result in the near infrared zone, producing about half of the energy produced by the CdTe technology in the visible zone. The SF, spectral incompatibility factor (MM), and spectral effective responsivity (SEF) parameters were verified to be important for studying the photovoltaic energy production.

scholarly journals Spectral mismatch and its effect on artificial solar light source under standard test conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 01021
Author(s):  
Gao Sheng ◽  
Lu Xiaodong ◽  
Lun Shuxian
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Solar Light ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
The Difference

Under standard test conditions, the spectral irradiance of artificial solar light sources and the spectral response of photovoltaic devices are important factors that affect the accuracy of device test results. This paper takes the standard solar spectrum AM1.5 as a reference, and calculates the difference between the four commonly used artificial solar light sources (Arc Lamp, Q-Flash, Q-Flash w and ELH) and the standard solar spectrum AM1.5 from the perspective of spectral mismatch. The spectral mismatch factor and the output parameters of the amorphous silicon cell under the irradiation of these light sources. Calculations show that the spectral mismatch factor of Arc Lamp is only 1.005, which matches the standard solar spectrum AM1.5 best. Due to the effect of spectral mismatch, the output parameters of amorphous silicon cells will change significantly after different artificial light sources irradiate them.

scholarly journals Impact of measured global spectrum variation on solar photovoltaic efficiencies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey S Kinsey ◽  
Matthew Boyd ◽  
Marília Braga ◽  
Nicholas C. Riedel-Lyngskær ◽  
Raul R. Cordero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Standard Condition ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Single Spectrum ◽  
Solar Cell Performance

In comparisons of solar photovoltaic performance, variation in the spectrum of sunlight is infrequently considered. A single spectrum, AM1.5, is used as the standard condition both for comparison of competing solar cell technologies and evaluation of energy generation from solar power plants. The addition of solar spectrum variation provides a more relevant basis for comparison and reduces prediction error and its financial impacts. Ground-level measurements collected worldwide have been pooled to provide an extensive – though by no means comprehensive – sampling of the global variation in spectral irradiance. Applied to nine solar cell types, the resulting variation in solar cell performance indicates that a single spectrum is not sufficient for comparison of cells with different spectral responses. The performance of different cell types diverges from that under standard conditions. Increases in the degree of sun tracking decrease efficiency for cells with a narrow spectral response. Cells with two or more junctions tend to have efficiencies below that obtained under AM1.5. Of the nine cell types, silicon exhibits the least spectral sensitivity: the median relative variation at a single site is 3%.

scholarly journals Over 30% efficiency bifacial 4-terminal perovskite-heterojunction silicon tandem solar cells with spectral albedo

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangho Kim ◽  
Thanh Thuy Trinh ◽  
Jinjoo Park ◽  
Duy Phong Pham ◽  
Sunhwa Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Short Circuit Current Density ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
White Sand ◽  
Reflected Light

AbstractWe developed and designed a bifacial four-terminal perovskite (PVK)/crystalline silicon (c-Si) heterojunction (HJ) tandem solar cell configuration albedo reflection in which the c-Si HJ bottom sub-cell absorbs the solar spectrum from both the front and rear sides (reflected light from the background such as green grass, white sand, red brick, roofing shingle, snow, etc.). Using the albedo reflection and the subsequent short-circuit current density, the conversion efficiency of the PVK-filtered c-Si HJ bottom sub-cell was improved regardless of the PVK top sub-cell properties. This approach achieved a conversion efficiency exceeding 30%, which is higher than those of both the top and bottom sub-cells. Notably, this efficiency is also greater than the Schockley–Quiesser limit of the c-Si solar cell (approximately 29.43%). The proposed approach has the potential to lower industrial solar cell production costs in the near future.

Comparative Study of Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS) Solar Cell With Other Solar Technologies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela C. B. ◽  
Ricardo Lameirinhas ◽  
Carlos A. F. Fernandes ◽  
João Paulo N. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Gallium Selenide ◽  
Copper Indium Gallium Selenide ◽  
Cigs Solar Cell ◽  
Copper Indium ◽  
Indium Gallium ◽  
Copper Indium Gallium

Thin-film modules are emerging in the photovoltaic market, due to their competitive cost with the traditional crystalline silicon modules. The thin-film cells CuIn(1-x)Ga(x)Se2 (Copper Indium Gallium Selenide - CIGS) are...

CdSe/CdS Quantum Dot Core-Shell for Silicon Solar Cell Efficiency Enhancement

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Manal Midhat Abdullah ◽  
Omar Adnan Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Silicon Solar Cell ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Solar Cell Efficiency ◽  
Cell Efficiency ◽  
Electron Hole Pair ◽  
Pair Generation

Core-shell nanocrystals are utilized to improve vitality conversion efficiency of Si based solar cells. In the present work, a study of synthesis and characterization of photo luminescent, down-shifting, core-shell CdSe/CdS quantum dots is introduced. The QD,s absorb in the UV range (350nm) of the solar spectrum and emit photons with wavelengths centered at (574 nm). Calculated energy gap is (2.16 eV), which is well suited for Silicon absorption and electron-hole pair generation. The grain size is ranged between (1.814 and 3.456 nm). Results show that the cell efficiency is improved from (8.81%) (For a reference silicon solar cell) to (10.07%) (For a CdSe/CdS QD deposited directly on the surface of the solar cell). This improvement is referred to the spreading of the absorbed solar radiation over the spectral response of the Si solar cell.

scholarly journals Wide-Bandgap Halide Perovskites for Indoor Photovoltaics

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma ◽  
Shaoyang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wide Bandgap ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Functional Layer ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Device Architecture ◽  
Copper Indium ◽  
Halide Perovskites ◽  
Halide Perovskite ◽  
Art Research ◽  
Photovoltaic Technologies

Indoor photovoltaics (IPVs) are receiving great research attention recently due to their projected application in the huge technology field of Internet of Things (IoT). Among the various existing photovoltaic technologies such as silicon, Cadmium Telluride (CdTe), Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS), organic photovoltaics, and halide perovskites, the latter are identified as the most promising for indoor light harvesting. This suitability is mainly due to its composition tuning adaptability to engineer the bandgap to match the indoor light spectrum and exceptional optoelectronic properties. Here, in this review, we are summarizing the state-of-the-art research efforts on halide perovskite-based indoor photovoltaics, the effect of composition tuning, and the selection of various functional layer and device architecture onto their power conversion efficiency. We also highlight some of the challenges to be addressed before these halide perovskite IPVs are commercialized.

GOES High cadence Operational Total Irradiance: planned data products

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Snow ◽  
Stephane Beland ◽  
Odele Coddington ◽  
Steven Penton ◽  
Don Woodraska
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Total Solar Irradiance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
First Year ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solar Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Total Irradiance ◽  
High Cadence

<p>The GOES-R series of satellites includes a redesigned instrument for solar spectral irradiance: the Extreme ultraviolet and X-ray Irradiance Sensor (EXIS).  Our team will be using a high-cadence broadband visible light diode to construct a proxy for Total Solar Irradiance (TSI).  This will have two advantages over the existing TSI measurements:  measurements are taken at 4 Hz, so the cadence of our TSI proxy is likely faster than any existing applications, and the observations are taken from geostationary orbit, so the time series of measurements is virtually uninterrupted.  Calibration of the diode measurements will still rely on the standard TSI composites.  </p><p>The other measurement from EXIS that will be used is the Magnesium II core-to-wing ratio.  The MgII index is a proxy for chromospheric activity, and is measured by EXIS every 3 seconds.  The combination of the two proxies can be used to generate a model of the full solar spectrum similar to the NRLSSI2 empirical model.</p><p>We are in the first year of a three-year grant to develop the TSI proxy and the SSI model, so only very preliminary findings will be discussed in this presentation.</p>

scholarly journals Irradiance Observations from the UARS/SUSIM and ATLAS/SUSIM Experiments

1994 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 72-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guenter Brueckner ◽  
Linton E. Floyd ◽  
Paul A. Lund ◽  
Dianne K. Prinz ◽  
Michael E. Vanhoosier
Keyword(s):  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Reference Channel ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Solar Uv ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet ◽  
Better Than

The SUSIM (Solar Ultraviolet Spectral Irradiance Monitor) on board the UARS (Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite) has measured the solar UV output from 120 nm to 400 nm on a daily basis since October 1991. A reference channel records a solar spectrum semi-annually only to reduce the instrument degradation of this channel and to provide long-term stability marks. Four deuterium lamps are used at monthly, semi-annual and annual intervals to provide long term calibration of the instrument. A preliminary analysis of the long term stability of SUSIM-UARS indicates that the precision of the instrument should be better than a few percent. The repeatability of two scans is better than 0.2%. A simplified SUSIM instrument is flying on NASA’s ATLAS Spacelab missions anually to provide calibration points for the SUSIM-UARS.

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