scholarly journals Gasification Process Using Downdraft Fixed-Bed Gasifier for Different Feedstock

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Emdadul Hoque ◽  
Fazlur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Synthetic Gas ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Downdraft Fixed Bed ◽  
Zone Temperature

The use of conventional fuels is decreasing globally due to its limited reserves and negative impact on the environment. The associated cost of conventional fuels is increasing owing to the higher demand for conventional fuels. Hence, utilization methods of biomass to generate energy are of growing interest. Among different biomass feedstocks, rice husks, waste plastics, and sawdust are significantly available in the global environment. The annual generation amount of rice husk is approximately 120 million tons worldwide, with an annual energy generation potential of 109 GJ with a heating value of 15 MJ/kg. The gasification process is assumed to be the most effective biomass conversion method that can generate synthetic gas to operate IC engines, fuel cells, and boilers. Synthetic gas production from biomass using a gasification process is a significant source of future energy. Downdraft fixed-bed gasifiers are considered as a feasible option of biomass conversion in the gasification process. By optimizing the operating conditions of downdraft fixed-bed gasifier, such as reaction zone temperature, combustion zone temperature, intake air temperature, airflow rate, the humidity of intake air, a significant amount of synthetic gas can be produced from rice husks, waste plastic material, and sawdust.

scholarly journals Development of a Chemical Equilibrium Model of the Downdraft Fixed Bed Gasification Process with known Product Temperature, Using air as an Oxidizing Agent

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Andres Quintero-Coronel ◽  
Edwin Edgardo Espinel-Blanco ◽  
Eder Norberto Flórez-Solano
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Downdraft Fixed Bed ◽  
Gasification Reaction ◽  
Chemical Equilibrium Model

A chemical equilibrium model for known outlet temperature of the products was carried out on a downdraft fixed bed gasifier. Biomass from oil palm kernel is used with proximate and ultimate analysis; the general gasification reaction takes into account the biomass moisture, the reaction products are formed by CH4, H2O, N2, CO, CO2 and H2. The model is described in detail and the equations are solved using the EES software. The model shows the results obtained for temperature ranges from 500 K to 1500 K and 1.0 atm. The model is validated by direct comparison of the gas composition with the results reported in the literature for similar conditions, obtaining favorable results.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Literature Review of Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass for Syngas Production and Associated Challenge

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-512
Author(s):  
Ghulamullah Maitlo ◽  
Rasool Bux Mahar ◽  
Zulfiqar Ali Bhatti ◽  
Imran Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Gaseous Product ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Gasification Process

The interest in the thermochemical conversion of biomass for producer gas production since last decade has increased because of the growing attention to the application of sustainable energy resources. Application of biomass resources is a valid alternative to fossil fuels as it is a renewable energy source. The valuable gaseous product obtained through thermochemical conversion of organic material is syngas, whereas the solid product obtained is char. This review deals with the state of the art of biomass gasification technologies and the quality of syngas gathered through the application of different gasifiers along with the effect of different operating parameters on the quality of producer gas. Main steps in gasification process including drying, oxidation, pyrolysis and reduction effects on syngas production and quality are presented in this review. An overview of various types of gasifiers used in lignocellulosic biomass gasification processes, fixed bed and fluidized bed and entrained flow gasifiers are discussed. The effects of various process parameters such as particle size, steam and biomass ratio, equivalence ratio, effects of temperature, pressure and gasifying agents are discussed. Depending on the priorities of several researchers, the optimum value of different anticipated productivities in the gasification process comprising better quality syngas production improved lower heating value, higher syngas production, improved cold gas efficiency, carbon conversion efficiency, production of char and tar have been reviewed.

scholarly journals Biomass gasification with CHP production: A review of state of the art technology and near future perspectives

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Jankes ◽  
Marta Trninic ◽  
Mirjana Stamenic ◽  
Tomislav Simonovic ◽  
Nikola Tanasic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Downdraft Fixed Bed ◽  
Near Future

This paper is a review of the state of the art of biomass gasification and the future of using biomass in Serbia and it presents researches within the project ?The Development of a CHP Plant with Biomass Gasification?. The concept of downdraft demonstration unit coupled with gas engine is adopted. Downdraft fixed-bed gasification is generally favored for CHP, owing to the simple and reliable gasifiers and low content of tar and dust in produced gas. The composition and quantity of gas and the amount of air are defined by modeling biomass residues gasification process. The gas (290-400m3/h for 0.5- 0.7MW biomass input) obtained by gasification at 800oC with air at atmospheric pressure contains 14% H2, 27% CO, 9% CO2, 2% CH4, and 48% N2, and its net heating value is 4.8-6 MJ/Nm3. The expected gasifier efficiency is up to 80%. The review of the work on biomass gasification has shown that the development of technology has reached the mature stage. There are CHP plants with biomass gasification operating as demonstration plants and several gasification demonstration units are successfully oriented to biofuel production. No attempt has been made here to address the economic feasibility of the system. Economics will be the part of a later work as firmer data are acquired.

scholarly journals REKONDISI KINERJA OPERASI FIXED BED GASIFIER SEKAM PADI PT. NATIONAL CHAMPIGNON

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Suwondo Rahardjo
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Tropsch Synthesis ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Process Gas ◽  
Synthetic Gas ◽  
Gas To Liquid

All this time, PT Natcham’s gasifier only be used for synthetic gas production asfuel of 400 kW gas engine power generation for the mushroom industry’selectricity needs while energy crisis. From now on, the application anddevelopment of biomass gasification technology is focused on synthetic gasproduction to be processed furthermore from gas to liquid (GTL) throughFischer–Tropsch synthesis process. H2+CO contained in syngas product is low(average 20% of total producer gas) with H2/CO ratio = 0.30–0,35. Producedsynthetic gas composition more and less equal to the design maker of Peako –China that is feasible to be utilized as fuel for 400 kW gas engine powergeneration, but not meet yet specification requirements of syngas composition asgas feeding for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis process (Gas–To–Liquid, GTL).Installation of O2 and steam injection system inside gasifier necessary to improvesyngas quality, all at once N2 content decreasing in the syngas, with the result ofH2/CO ratio >1 that will improve liquid product.Kata kunci: fixed–bed gasifier, gasification, rice husk, synthetic gas

Dynamic Studies of Refinery Sludge Gasification in Updraft Reactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 431-434
Author(s):  
Reem Ahmed ◽  
Chandra Mohan Sinnathambi ◽  
Usama Eldmerdash
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Reduction Zone ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Dynamic Studies ◽  
Axial Temperature ◽  
Zone Temperature

Many papers have been published about the gasification of different biomass fuels in fixed bed reactor. To date, no experimental analysis is available in the open literature on gasification of refinery sludge. Therefore the descriptions of dynamic temperature in an updraft reactor for a dry refinery sludge gasification are investigated in details. The rate of the temperature change with operation time and the temperature profiles inside the reactor are taken for various equivalent ratios. The dynamic results show that increasing the ER from 0.195 to 0.244 shift the combustion zone peak temperature from 858 °C to 986 °C and cause turbulence behavior in reduction zone temperature. With an ER of 0.195, the rate change of temperatures zones was found to be in the ± 50 OC min-1 indicating stable gasification process. The axial temperature for starting of a steady state gasification process was found to be between 20 to 60 min operation time in process.

scholarly journals Green energy technology from buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L. f.) for Brazilian agro-extractive communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Munique Gonçalves Guimarães ◽  
Rafael Benjamin Werneburg Evaristo ◽  
Augusto César de Mendonça Brasil ◽  
Grace Ferreira Ghesti
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Mauritia Flexuosa ◽  
Immediate Analysis

AbstractThe present work analyzed the energy generation potential of Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L. f.) by thermochemical reactions. The experimental part of the study performed immediate analyses, elemental analyses, lignocellulosic analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, calorific values, and syn gas concentrations measurements of the gasification of Buriti in a fixed-bed reactor. Additionally, numerical simulations estimated the syn gas concentrations of the gasification reactions of Buriti. The immediate analysis showed that Buriti has the highest ash content (4.66%) and highest volatile matter content (85%) compared to other Brazilian biomass analyzed, but the higher heating value was only 18.28 MJ.kg−1. The elemental analysis revealed that the oxygen to carbon ratio was 0.51 while hydrogen to carbon ratio was 1.74, indicating a good thermal conversion efficiency. The Lignocellulosic analysis of Buriti resulted in a high content of holocellulose (69.64%), a lignin content of 28.21% and extractives content of 7.52%. The thermogravimetry of the Buriti indicated that the highest mass loss (51.92%) occurred in a temperature range between 150 °C and 370 °C. Lastly, the experimental gasification study in a fixed-bed updraft gasifier resulted in syn gas concentrations of 14.4% of CO, 11.5% of CO2 and 17.5% of H2 while the numerical simulation results confirmed an optimal equivalence ratio of 1.7 to maximize CO and H2 concentrations. Therefore, based on the results presented by the present work, the gasification process is adequate to transform Buriti wastes into energy resources. Graphic abstract

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