scholarly journals Evergreen Oak Biomass Residues for Firewood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Malico ◽  
Ana Cristina Gonçalves ◽  
Adélia M.O. Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Airborne Pollutants ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Residential Heating ◽  
Very High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Evergreen Oak ◽  
Useful Heat ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Conversion Technologies

This chapter presents the assessment of the availability for residential heating of residual biomass from cork and holm oaks in a 12,188 ha agroforest area in Portugal. First, the above-ground biomass of evergreen oaks using very high spatial resolution satellite images was determined, followed by the definition of different scenarios for residues removal from the stands. The useful energy potential of the firewood that can be collected from the study area under the various silviculture scenarios was determined considering different energy conversion technologies: open fireplaces (still popular in Portugal) and more efficient closed burning appliances. Additionally, emissions of airborne pollutants from combusting all the available residual biomass in the study area were determined. Depending on the percentage of residues collected when the trees are pruned and on the conversion technologies used, the energy potential of evergreen oak firewood ranged from 5.0 × 106 MJ year−1 to 7.5 × 107 MJ year−1. Heavier pruning combined with the use of open fireplaces generates less useful heat and much higher emissions of pollutants per unit useful energy produced than lighter pruning combined with a more efficient technology. This case study illustrates the need to promote the transition from inefficient to more efficient and cleaner technologies.

Review of the energy potential of the residual biomass for the distributed generation in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 440-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.R.A. Ferreira ◽  
R.B. Otto ◽  
F.P. Silva ◽  
S.N.M. De Souza ◽  
S.S. De Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Residual Biomass

Energy potential of residual biomass from agro-industry in a Mediterranean region of southern Italy (Campania)

2020 ◽  
Vol 277 ◽  
pp. 124085
Author(s):  
Simona Di Fraia ◽  
Salvatore Fabozzi ◽  
Adriano Macaluso ◽  
Laura Vanoli
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Residual Biomass

EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC POLARIZABILITY OF NUCLEI IN LOW-ENERGY COLLISIONS AND ACTION RADIUS OF THE POLARIZATION POTENTIAL

1992 ◽  
Vol 07 (12) ◽  
pp. 2713-2739 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. PUPYSHEV ◽  
O. P. SOLOVTSOVA
Keyword(s):  
Potential Scattering ◽  
Polarization Potential ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Electric Polarizability ◽  
Correct Definition ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Identical Zero ◽  
Definition Of

Recent works devoted to investigating the role of electric polarizability of nuclei in elastic and nucleosynthesis reactions are critically and constructively reviewed, in order to formulate some problems of the low-energy potential scattering theory. Possible methods for solving these problems are outlined. One of the problems, a correct definition of the range of action of the polarization potential, is discussed in detail. An intuitively clear conception of this radius — the lower bound of the distance range, where the polarization potential may be replaced by identical zero — is used as a starting point. The fact that this bound should be defined in each concrete case is demonstrated by the results obtained by exploration of the pp reaction and the S-wave π±d-elastic collisions. Also discussed are numerical and analytical methods for finding the action radius depending on the studied function, the accuracy required for its evaluation, the scattering energy and the sign of the Coulomb potential.

scholarly journals Energi Terbarukan dari Jerami Padi : Review Potensi dan Tantangan Bagi Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Agus Haryanto ◽  
Siti Suharyatun ◽  
Winda Rahmawati ◽  
Sugeng Triyono
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Energy Technology ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Combustion Properties ◽  
Density Problem ◽  
Conversion Technologies ◽  
And Storage

Straw is a waste produced from the threshing and harvesting of rice. So far, rice straw has only been removed. In fact, it can be used as a potential energy source. This paper aims to examine the potential of rice straw as a renewable energy source in Indonesia. Opportunities and challenges were evaluated based on extensive and in-depth literature review. The paper discussed rice straw potential, its characteristics and benefits of using straw energy. Technology to convert rice straw into energy was also discussed. Results showed that renewable energy potential of rice straw is 28.8 TJ/year. Conversion technologies that can be applied include densification, combustion, gasification, and biogas. The biggest challenge for using rice straw energy is collection and transportation. Densification may overcome density problem by producing high quality pellets or briquettes that reduce transportation and storage costs. Straw characteristics need to be improved to increase its combustion properties.

3D Hyperelastic Constitutive Model for Yarn Behaviour Description

2012 ◽  
Vol 504-506 ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien Charmetant ◽  
Emmanuelle Vidal-Sallé ◽  
Philippe Boisse
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Shear ◽  
Constitutive Law ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Double Curvature ◽  
Axial Tension ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Tension And Compression ◽  
Bias Extension ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Continuous Material

The preforming stage of the LCM composite manufacturing processes lead to fibrous reinforcement deformations which may be very large especially for double curvature shapes. Those deformations have significant influence on the second stage of the process, i.e. the injection of the resin. A way to predict accurately the spatial distribution of the permeability tensor consists in simulating for various configurations, the deformed shape of the reinforcement at the scale of the yarns. Mesoscopic scale analyses of textile reinforcements generally consider the yarns as a continuous material despite their fibrous nature. In order to have an accurate simulation tool, it is necessary to build up a constitutive law which accounts for the physical specificities linked to the microstructure of the yarns. Several models exist with reasonable accuracy. The present paper proposes a new approach in the hyperelasticity framework. The proposed model is based on the definition of mathematical invariants linked to the four main deformation modes of the yarn material: tension, compaction, longitudinal shear and transverse shear. The strain energy potential build up with those invariants is identified using classical fabric material tests: uni- and bi-axial tension and compression. The model has been validated on laboratory tests such as bias extension tests and gives promising results.

scholarly journals Energy potential of residual maize biomass at different spacings and nitrogen doses

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 626-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Ambrosio ◽  
Volnei Pauletti ◽  
Gabriel Barth ◽  
Fabrício Pinheiro Povh ◽  
Dimas Agostinho da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Narrow Row

ABSTRACT Agricultural residual biomass is an important source of energy, and its production and quality vary according to the crop management. This study aimed to assess the effects of plant distribution and nitrogen fertilization on the energy production potential of the biomass of maize cultivated under no tillage. The field experiment was installed in southeast Brazil using five nitrogen rates (0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 kg ha-1) and two inter-row spacings (0.4 and 0.8 m). Grain yield, residual biomass productivity, and bioenergy potential in different parts of the plant (grain, stalk+leaf, husk, and cob) were assessed. No change in grain yield was observed using narrow row spacing. Stalk+leaf and husk productivity was higher using 0.8 m than using 0.4 m of inter-row spacing. Nitrogen application resulted in increased grain yield and biomass productivity. Nitrogen influences the bioenergy potential by increasing the biomass and calorific value. Application of the maximum nitrogen fertilization rate is recommended for grain yield considering the use of only the husk and cob can generate 2712 kWh ha-1 of bioenergy.

Virtual tool for the promotion of anaerobic conversion technologies of residual biomass in Colombian rural areas.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhojan Stiven Zea Fernandez ◽  
Laura Camila Castillo Mendez ◽  
Mario Alberto Luna-DelRisco ◽  
Sebastian Villegas Moncada ◽  
Andres Felipe Jimenez Vasquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Conversion Technologies ◽  
Anaerobic Conversion

scholarly journals Energy Potential of Agri Residual Biomass in Southeast Asia with the Focus on Vietnam

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Denisa Beňová ◽  
Kryštof Mareš ◽  
Petr Hutla ◽  
Tatiana Ivanova ◽  
Jan Banout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Residual Biomass

Southeast Asia currently faces a huge increase in energy consumption and serious environmental issues. A widely underutilized and still unexplored potential of these countries lies in residual biomass. In the present research, the production quantities and energy yields of the most abundant agricultural byproducts in Vietnam, i.e., rice straw, rice husks, sugarcane bagasse and sugarcane trash, were calculated. Total crop yield, residues ratio and net calorific values of the wet basis biomass served as input parameters for the calculations. Moreover, the results were found for individual regions and provinces of the country. The findings show that the production of paddy rice straw is an enormous 97 million tons per year with an energy potential of over 380 TWh, as well as another 9 million tons yearly and 35 TWh in the case of rice husks. More than half of rice biomass production is concentrated in the Mekong River Delta region. Harvesting and processing of sugarcane annually generates about 5 million tons of bagasse and over 3.5 million tons of sugarcane trash with the total energy potential of about 27 TWh, which is primarily available in the central regions of Vietnam. The detailed laboratory determination of fuel-energy properties of studied materials, such as gross and net calorific value, volatile matter, ash and moisture content and contents of chemical elements was also carried out. Based on the research results and literature analysis, the possibilities of biofuel production and energy utilization of the above-mentioned residues are discussed.

scholarly journals Opportunities for Solid Waste Energy Recovery in Rural Transylvania

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Vasile BORZA ◽  
Victor ROS ◽  
Teodora DEAC
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Solid Biofuels ◽  
Conversion Technologies ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The socio-economic conditions facing the world today, both globally and nationally, recovering energy from solid waste is required as a necessity. Getting heat to contribute to the heating and domestic hot water is beneficial not only in terms of increased living standards and the use of alternative energy sources, but also in terms of creating jobs in the processing waste-producing industries and the development of necessary technologies conversion. Also, accessing specific EU funds will lead to an accelerated rural development in the spirit of sustainable development concepts and strategy of the society. In this context, the paper aims to identify the main types of solid waste available in rural areas of Transylvania and their energy potential. It also addresses opportunities for energy recovery and the correlation can be done between physical and chemical characteristics and solid waste conversion technologies to obtain solid biofuels as a source of heat and conversion technologies used for this purpose.

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