scholarly journals Removal of Copper Ions from Aqueous Solution Using Liquid Surfactant Membrane Technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huda M. Salman ◽  
Ahmed Abed Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
Efficiency Cost ◽  
Feed Phase ◽  
Aqueous Feed

Liquid Surfactant Membrane (LSM) as an alternative extraction technique shows many advantages without altering the chemistry of the oil process in terms of efficiency, cost effectiveness and fast demulsification post extraction. Copper (Cu) extraction from aqueous solution using Liquid Membrane (LM) technology is more efficient than the sludge-forming precipitation process and has to be disposed of in landfills. In this chapter, a liquid surfactant membrane (LSM) was developed that uses kerosene oil as LSM ‘s key diluent to extract copper ions as a carrier from the aqueous waste solution through di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA). This technique has several benefits, including extracting one-stage extracts. The LSM process was used to transport Cu (II) ions from the feed phase to the stripping phase, which was prepared, using H2SO4. For LSM process, various parameters have been studied such as carrier concentration, treat ratio (TR), agitating speed and initial feed concentration. After finding the optimum parameters, it was possible to extract Cu up to 95% from the aqueous feed phase in a single stage extraction.

scholarly journals Removal of-Copper Ions-from Aqueous Solution Using Liquid-Surfactant-Membrane Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Huda M. Salman ◽  
Ahmed Abed Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Waste Solution ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
Feed Phase ◽  
Aqueous Feed

Extraction of copper (Cu) from aqueous solution utilizing Liquid Membrane technology (LM) is more effective than precipitation method that forms sludge and must be disposed of in landfills. In this work, we have formulated a liquid surfactant membrane (LSM) that uses kerosene oil as the main diluent of LSM to remove copper ions from the aqueous waste solution through di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid - D2EHPA- as a carrier. This technique displays several advantages including one-stage extraction and stripping process, simple operation, low energy requirement, and. In this study, the LSM process was used to transport Cu (II) ions from the feed phase to the stripping phase, which was prepared, using H2SO4. For LSM process, various parameters have been studied such as carrier concentration; treat ratio (TR), agitating speed and initial feed concentration. After finding the optimum parameters, it was possible to extract Cu up to 95% from the aqueous feed phase in a single stage extraction.

Stabilization of Hazardous Materials into Ferrites

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tamaura ◽  
P. Q. Tu ◽  
S. Rojarayanont ◽  
H. Abe
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Present Method ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Formation Reaction ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Hazardous Metal

Stabilization of the hazardous materials by the Fe3O4-coating method was studied. In the ferrite-formation reaction in the aqueous solution, the adsorption of the metal ions and the oxidation of the adsorbed Fe(II) ions are repeated on the surface of the ferrite particles. This reaction was adopted to the coating of the hazardous materials with the Fe3O4(or ferrite). By repeating the two steps of l)the addition of the Fe(II) aqueous solution into the suspension of the hazardous materials, and 2)the oxidation by passing air through the reaction suspension, with the Fe3O4 layer, we could coat the surfaces of the hazardous materials, such as the heavy metal sludge from the neutralization-precipitation process, the CaF2 precipitates in the treatment of the waste waters containing fluoride ion along with hazardous metal ions, and the soils containing Cd(II) ion. These Fe3O4-coated hazardous materials are very stable and no heavy metal ions are leached under the normal environmental conditions. The ferrite sludges formed in the “Ferrite Process” were highly stabilized by the present method, and by the heat-treatment.

Study of colloidal properties of natural and Al-pillared smectite and removal of copper ions from an aqueous solution

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 786-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Resmini Sartor ◽  
Antonio Carlos de Azevedo ◽  
Gabriel Ramatis Pugliese Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Colloidal Properties

Audit Assessment of the Effectiveness of Public Procurement Procedures

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. s085-s107
Author(s):  
Iryna Drozd ◽  
Mariia Pysmenna ◽  
Nataliia Pohribna ◽  
Nataliya Zdyrko ◽  
Anna Kulish
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Risk Indicator ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
State Budget ◽  
The Public ◽  
Efficiency Cost ◽  
Procurement Procedure ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Risk Parameters

The article seeks describing the benefits and challenges faced by auditors in assessing the effectiveness of public procurement procedures in terms of applying the methodology for calculating efficiency, economy and effectiveness, taking into account the risks of procurement in e-auctions. Quantitative risk parameters are calculated using data of probabilistic indicators of procurement risk assessment according to the ratio of the number of relevant procedures (sub-threshold and above-threshold) to the total number of procurement procedures. Statistical valuation methods are used for the cost risk assessments and calculation of the aggregate risk indicator of public procurement. The calculations are performed using the data of the open e-procurement system ProZorro for all announced procurements in 2018-2019. We analyzed the methods, indicators and the extent to which the study of the public procurement effectiveness via bibliographic and case studies is performed. As a result, the majority of methods cover four components of assessing the public procurement efficiency - targeted efficiency, cost-effectiveness, organizational efficiency, efficiency of budget expenditures for public procurement. This does not provide an assessment of the automated systems’ impact on the procurement procedures results and on possible savings due to the use of certain procurement procedures. To comprehensively assess the procurement efficiency in e-bidding, the authors propose considering four key risks: the risk of cancellation of the procurement procedure, the risk that the procurement procedure will not take place, the risk of appealing the procurement, the risk of disqualification. As a result of risks calculations under the sub-threshold and above-threshold procurement, individual values of risks and their aggregate indicator are determined. This will adjust the scope of audit procedures to verify individual procurements and identify weaknesses in the procurement management system. We believe that the methodology of auditing the procurement effectiveness, taking into account the quantitative and qualitative parameters of procurement risks, will be a useful audit tool to determine the effectiveness of the use of public funds under individual procurements and identify areas of cost-effectiveness for the state budget funds.

Biosorption of copper ions from aqueous solution using Chlorella pyrenoidosa: Optimization, equilibrium and kinetics studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.R. Moreira ◽  
Y.A.R. Lebron ◽  
S.J. Freire ◽  
L.V.S. Santos ◽  
F. Palladino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Chlorella Pyrenoidosa ◽  
Kinetics Studies ◽  
Equilibrium And Kinetics

scholarly journals Adsorption of Copper Ions (Cu++) in Aqueous Solution Using Activated Carbon and Biosorbent from Indian Jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana) Seed Hulls

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Harouna Massai ◽  
Djakba Raphael ◽  
Mouhamadou Sali
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Carbon Powder ◽  
Ziziphus Mauritiana ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Indian Jujube

The present work aimed at mitigating the level of copper ions (Cu++) by adsorption in aqueous solution using activated carbon powder (AC) and biosorbent (BS) from the Indian jujube seed hulls. The AC and BS were prepared from the Indian jujube seed hulls and characterized    using standard procedures. In addition, the adsorption effects of Indian jujube seed hulls through the AC and BS were carried out using jar test experiment (batch mode) at different pH (1, 2, 3, and 4), ionic strengths (100-600 mg/L) and stirring speed (120rpm). Therefore, it was found that the adsorption time at equilibrium were 10 and 5 minutes respectively for the AC and the BS.  Furthermore, it was found that the reduction of copper ions were 99.40% and 73.08% for aqueous solutions of 100 ppm and 500 ppm respectively at the equilibrium state. It was also revealed that when the mass of the AC or the BS increases, the quantities of ions adsorbed per gram decrease. The maximum pH of adsorption for the AC was found to be pH=1, while it was found to be pH=4 for the BS. The Freundlich model indicated that the adsorption of copper ions by the Indian jujube is linear while the Temkin and Dubinin-Kagana-Radushkevich models described the adsorption as a physical reaction. It was finally observed that the adsorption of copper ions by the AC and the BS from Indian jujube seed hulls influenced by the addition of some concentration of NaCl.

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