scholarly journals Occupational Health and Radiation Safety of Radiography Workers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasna Albander
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Radioactive Pollution ◽  
Imaging Procedures ◽  
Occupational Infections ◽  
Ionizing Radiation Exposure ◽  
Harmful Effects

Medical imaging is the identification or study procedure for obtaining medical images of body parts. Millions of imaging procedures take place worldwide each week. Radiation protection is intended to prevent the ionizing radiation exposure from having harmful effects. Exposure may result from a source of radiation outside the human body, or from ingestion of radioactive pollution from internal irradiation. This chapter presents Occupational Health and Radiation Safety of Radiography workers in the medical imaging field. This chapter also summarizes how current employment health status and knowledge gaps can be illustrated in some key and critical occupational issues as well as diseases such as radiation, nosocomial and occupational infections.

scholarly journals Maximizing Benefit and Minimizing Risk in Medical Imaging Use: An Educational Primer for Health Care Professions Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 238212051879881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Armao ◽  
Terry S Hartman ◽  
Christopher M Shea ◽  
Laurence Katz ◽  
Tracey Thurnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
Educational Session ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Imaging Utilization ◽  
Imaging Appropriateness ◽  
Ionizing Radiation Exposure

“I am not young enough to know everything.” Oscar Wilde Background: There is insufficient knowledge among providers and patients/caregivers of ionizing radiation exposure from medical imaging examinations. This study used a brief, interactive educational intervention targeting the topics of best imaging practices and radiation safety early in health professions students’ training. The authors hypothesized that public health, medical, and physician assistant students who receive early education for imaging appropriateness and radiation safety will undergo a change in attitude and have increased awareness and knowledge of these topics. Materials and methods: The authors conducted a 1.5-hour interactive educational intervention focusing on medical imaging utilization and radiation safety. Students were presented with a pre/postquestionnaire and data were analyzed using t tests and multivariate analysis of variance. Results: A total of 301 students were enrolled in the study. There was 58% ( P < .01) and 85% ( P < .01) improvement in attitude and knowledge regarding appropriateness of imaging, respectively. The authors also found an 8% increase ( P < .01) in students who thought informed consent should be obtained prior to pediatric computed tomographic imaging. Physical assistant students were more likely than medical students to prefer obtaining informed consent at baseline ( P = .03). Conclusions: A brief educational session provided to health professions students early in their education showed an increased awareness and knowledge of the utility, limitations, and risks associated with medical imaging. Incorporation of a best imagining practice educational session early during medical education may promote more thoughtful imaging decisions for future medical providers.

scholarly journals Analysis of work-related accidents and ill-health in Brazil since the introduction of the accident prevention factor

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Eri Shimizu ◽  
Josierton Cruz Bezerra ◽  
Luciano José Arantes ◽  
Edgar Merchán-Hamann ◽  
Walter Ramalho
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Accident Prevention ◽  
Multiplication Factor ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
External Causes

Abstract Background Since 2004, Brazil has had a national policy for occupational health and safety. This policy means companies’ tax burden is altered according to the numbers of work-related accidents and ill-health amongst their workers. In 2010, a multiplication factor was introduced to this policy, called the Accident Prevention Factor. The idea of this new multiplication factor is to encourage individual employers to take initiatives to prevent accidents and ill health in the workplace. This study was designed to investigate the incidence of work-related accidents and ill-health in Brazil according to their causes, their severity, and the economic activity in which they occur, and to compare the data before and after the introduction of the Accident Prevention Factor. Methods An ecological study was conducted by analyzing the time series of work-related accidents/ill-health between 2008 and 2014 from the Brazilian social security system (Previdência Social) statistical yearbooks. Incidences were calculated per cause, economic activity, and severity of the accident/ill-health. Data from before and after the introduction of the Accident Prevention Factor were compared using the Mann-Whitney test per cause and per economic activity. Statistical analyses were made using the SPSS software, with significance set at 5%. Results A reduction in the incidence of work-related accidents/ill-health was found across all the groups of causes analyzed, except for the groups “external causes of morbidity and mortality” and “factors influencing health status and contact with health services.” Greater reductions were found for diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue and diseases of the nervous system. Reductions in work-related accidents/ill-health were found in the different economic activities and in the different severity groups. The highest reduction after the introduction of the Accident Prevention Factor was in manufacturing and production (p < 0.05). Conclusions Overall, the incidence of accidents/ill-health was found to be on decline, except those with external causes of morbidity and mortality and those involving factors influencing health status and contact with health services. The biggest reduction was found in manufacturing and production. However, generally speaking progress still needs to be made in accident prevention and occupational health across a whole range of work environments.

scholarly journals Responsiveness of Occupational Health Risk and Preventive Measures Practice by the Workers Employed in Tannery Occupation in Kanpur, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyan Chandra Kashyap ◽  
Praveen Chokhandre ◽  
Shri Kant Singh
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
School Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Strong Focus ◽  
Tannery Workers

Occupational health covers all aspects of health and safety in the workplace and has a strong focus on primary prevention of hazards. The objective of the study was to understand the extent of awareness about occupational health risks involved in tannery occupation and adopted preventive measures by the tannery workers of Kanpur, India. Information for the present research was strained from a cross-sectional household study of tannery workers in the Jajmau area of Kanpur. The survey was piloted through the period January–June 2015, and 284 samples were collected. The prevalence of awareness of tannery work is very hazardous in nature varies from 73–93% among the tannery workers. Tannery workers having a middle-school level of education were 3.01 times more likely to be aware of the hazards as compared to the illiterate workers. Tannery workers aged 36 and above were less likely to aware of a hazardous work environment. Further, tannery workers who belong to the younger cohort (16–24 years) reported a higher awareness of respiratory problems (38%), skin complaints (59%), and gastrointestinal issues (21%) than those aged 36 years and above. About one-third of Beam house workers (33%) and over a quarter (26%) of the wet finishing had moderate to high dermal contact with the chemicals. The study’s outcomes give a clear indication of the effect of the workstation environment on the health status of workers and require the use of adequate measures to improve the facilities and thereby the health status of tannery workers.

Perceived Health Status in Rural Manufacturing Workers

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Stacy Logsdon ◽  
M. Laurie Branstetter ◽  
Eve Main
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Perceived Health Status ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Objective Health ◽  
Significant Difference

Manufacturing workers comprise 8.8% of the total U.S. workforce representing a sizable population for disease prevention and health promotion by occupational health nurses within worksite wellness programs. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perceived health status and objective health status including existing chronic disease among rural manufacturing workers. Rural manufacturing workers ( n = 114) completed a general health survey and consented to a retrospective chart review. All were participants in a direct incentive wellness program with biometric data available. The majority of participants were males between the ages of 46 and 60 years, and nearly half of the sample had a college degree. A statistically significant difference was observed between number of chronic diseases and lower perceived health status. These findings have implications for occupational health nurses and other health care providers to identify workers at risk for chronic illness through self-perceived health status assessment.

Radiation Safety Knowledge and Practice Amongst Doctors in a Teaching Hospital in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
JE Ikubor ◽  
SN Awunor ◽  
EE Atare
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Safety Knowledge

It is important that doctors of the various specialties in a health facility requesting for radiological examinations are knowledgeable about the effect of ionizing radiation. When referring doctors know the amount of radiation their patients receive there will be justification for such investigations in line with the guiding principle of radiation protection – As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) - to minimize risk to the patient. The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge and practice of radiation protection and safety amongst doctors in a Teaching Hospital in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study using a self-administered structured questionnaire among 131 doctors in Delta State University Teaching Hospital (DELSUTH), Oghara. Data was analyzed using the IBM SPSS v.21. Eighty-eight (67.2%) respondents had a good knowledge of radiation safety while 49 (37.4%) of respondents had a good practice of radiation protection and safety. There was an association between the department of respondents (p=0.009), awareness of body parts sensitive to radiation (p=0.005) and their knowledge of radiation safety. Also, there was an association between the department of respondents (p=0.016), their years of experience (p=0.016) and the practice of radiation safety. Knowledge of radiation safety was high while the practice of radiation protection and safety was low amongst respondents. Gender, department of doctor and awareness of body parts that are sensitive to radiation were associated with good knowledge; while department and years of experience was associated with good practice. It is recommended that doctors receive regular updates on radiation hazards, risks and protection in order to reduce the risk of exposure of patients and health workers to unnecessary ionizing radiation.

Respiratory health evaluation of construction workers using questionnaire

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-320
Author(s):  
Umesh C. Ojha ◽  
Sonam Spalgais ◽  
Ashish Ranjan ◽  
Omkar K. Choudhari
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Growing Economy ◽  
Participant Response

Relevance . With growing economy and flourishing construction industries the comorbidities among construction workers are also raised. They are exposed to various dust, fumes, noxious gases and vapours making them susceptible to chronic airway diseases like Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the respiratory health status of construction workers in an unorganised sector. Materials and Methods . The data collected from National Capital of Delhi region in an unorganised sector of construction workers by using a Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire by the Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental research, Basaidarapur, Delhi, India. All the participant response was noted and the answers were evaluated to see respiratory health status of workers. Total 200 workers were evaluated. Total 182 males and 18 female participated in the study. Results and Discussion . 25% of workers reported poor health at the time of the survey, while only 4% of workers considered their health to be very good. Among the main complaints were indicated: cough, sputum production, shortness of breath, chest infections, attacks of wheezing. The overall mean of Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire core was 33.55. It increases with the working period in the construction field with 21.6% for 10years and 49.1 for 30years experienced workers, while workers with 11 to 20 years of experience, the score was 28.4. The Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire score was 35.1 in 21-30 years of experienced construction workers. Conclusion . As a result of the study, construction workers are found to be at high risk of various respiratory diseases and related disabilities. Participants in this study did not receive any treatment for respiratory problems at any clinic. This means the importance of occupational health education and the use of personal protective equipment and safe working conditions for construction workers.

ASSESSMENT EXPERIENCE OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISK AT THE LEADING METALLURGICAL PLANTS OF THE SVERDLOVSK REGION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fedoruk ◽  
◽  
V. Gurvich
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
The Real

Abstract: The assessment experience of the occupational health risk at the enterprises of mining and metallurgical complex of the Sverdlovsk region has revealed the presence of key challenges. They are related to an impartial evaluation of the predicted and realized risks. These include underestimation of factors of the working environment and process at the stage of identification, monitoring management and evaluation of results. Additionally, there is no data analysis on the health status of workers, including the estimated incidence of temporary incapacity for work. It is suggested to develop a unified preventive system (occupational health service) at the enterprises. It will be possible to form an appropriate database regarding the real situation of working conditions and the health of workers. This system will also establish cause-and-effect relationships and dose-effect dependencies of diseases. Additionally, it will be enforceable to identify the probability of occupational and industrial-related diseases at the group and individual levels.

Occupational health issues and ways to improve medical and satsitic services for workers of road transport enterprises

1985 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-318
Author(s):  
N. X. Amirov ◽  
A. G. Sakhibullina
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Motor Transport

The sanitary and hygienic working conditions and health status of workers of motor transport enterprises were studied.

Radiation Safety in Vascular Surgery

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy B. Reed ◽  
Melissa L Kirkwood
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Endovascular Procedures ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
National Council ◽  
Skin Injury ◽  
Air Kerma ◽  
Dose Limits ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Harmful Effects

Modern vascular surgeons perform an ever-increasing number of complex endovascular procedures, largely based on patient preference, decreased length of stay, and improved outcome. With the upsurge of endovascular cases, concern has grown regarding the harmful effects of radiation exposure delivered to the patient and the operator. Surgeon education on the appropriate use of fluoroscopic operating factors coupled with appropriate training in radiation safety has been shown to decrease radiation dose. This review elucidates dose terminology and metrics, possible radiation-induced injuries, risk factors for deterministic injury, and radiation safety principles and techniques. Tables provide practical tips to lower patient and operator radiation dose during fluoroscopically guided intervention, and National Council on Radiation Protection & Measurements recommended dose limits for occupational exposure. Figures illustrate reference air kerma, radiation-induced skin injury, effects of image receptor and table position, and operator exposure. This review contains 4 figures, 3 tables, and 53 references.

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