scholarly journals A Dynamic Finite Element Cellular Model and Its Application on Cell Migration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieling Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Viscoelastic Model ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Cellular Model ◽  
Cell Substrate ◽  
Epithelial Wound Healing ◽  
Triangular Elements ◽  
Intercellular Adhesions ◽  
Subcellular Level

While the tissue is formed or regenerated, cells migrate collectively and remained adherent. However, it is still unclear what are the roles of cell-substrate and intercellular interactions in regulating collective cell migration. In this chapter, we introduce our newly developed finite element cellular model to simulate the collective cell migration and explore the effects of mechanical feedback between cells and between cell and substrate. Our viscoelastic model represents one cell with many triangular elements. Intercellular adhesions between cells are represented as linear springs. Furthermore, we include a mechano-chemical feedback loop between cell-substrate mechanics and cell migration. Our results reproduce a set of experimental observation of patterns of collective cell migration during epithelial wound healing. In addition, we demonstrate that cell-substrate determined mechanics play an important role in regulating persistent and oriented collective cell migration. This chapter illustrates that our finite element cellular model can be applied to study a number of tissue related problems regarding cellular dynamic changes at subcellular level.

scholarly journals The interplay of cell–cell and cell–substrate adhesion in collective cell migration

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (100) ◽  
pp. 20140684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenlu Wang ◽  
Sagar Chowdhury ◽  
Meghan Driscoll ◽  
Carole A. Parent ◽  
S. K. Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Actin Polymerization ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Contacts ◽  
Substrate Adhesion ◽  
Cell Substrate ◽  
Cell Shapes ◽  
Cell Substrate Adhesion ◽  
Cell Cell

Collective cell migration often involves notable cell–cell and cell–substrate adhesions and highly coordinated motion of touching cells. We focus on the interplay between cell–substrate adhesion and cell–cell adhesion. We show that the loss of cell-surface contact does not significantly alter the dynamic pattern of protrusions and retractions of fast migrating amoeboid cells ( Dictyostelium discoideum ), but significantly changes their ability to adhere to other cells. Analysis of the dynamics of cell shapes reveals that cells that are adherent to a surface may coordinate their motion with neighbouring cells through protrusion waves that travel across cell–cell contacts. However, while shape waves exist if cells are detached from surfaces, they do not couple cell to cell. In addition, our investigation of actin polymerization indicates that loss of cell-surface adhesion changes actin polymerization at cell–cell contacts. To further investigate cell–cell/cell–substrate interactions, we used optical micromanipulation to form cell–substrate contact at controlled locations. We find that both cell-shape dynamics and cytoskeletal activity respond rapidly to the formation of cell–substrate contact.

Quantitative Imaging of pN Intercellular Force and Energetic Costs during Collective Cell Migration in Epithelial Wound Healing

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (24) ◽  
pp. 16180-16187
Author(s):  
Xiao-Hong Wang ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Jian-Bin Pan ◽  
Bin Kang ◽  
Jing-Juan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Energetic Costs ◽  
Epithelial Wound Healing

scholarly journals Dynamic cellular finite-element method for modelling large-scale cell migration and proliferation under the control of mechanical and biochemical cues: a study of re-epithelialization

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (129) ◽  
pp. 20160959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieling Zhao ◽  
Youfang Cao ◽  
Luisa A. DiPietro ◽  
Jie Liang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Cellular Protein ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Shapes ◽  
Cell Migration And Proliferation

Computational modelling of cells can reveal insight into the mechanisms of the important processes of tissue development. However, current cell models have limitations and are challenged to model detailed changes in cellular shapes and physical mechanics when thousands of migrating and interacting cells need to be modelled. Here we describe a novel dynamic cellular finite-element model (DyCelFEM), which accounts for changes in cellular shapes and mechanics. It also models the full range of cell motion, from movements of individual cells to collective cell migrations. The transmission of mechanical forces regulated by intercellular adhesions and their ruptures are also accounted for. Intra-cellular protein signalling networks controlling cell behaviours are embedded in individual cells. We employ DyCelFEM to examine specific effects of biochemical and mechanical cues in regulating cell migration and proliferation, and in controlling tissue patterning using a simplified re-epithelialization model of wound tissue. Our results suggest that biochemical cues are better at guiding cell migration with improved directionality and persistence, while mechanical cues are better at coordinating collective cell migration. Overall, DyCelFEM can be used to study developmental processes when a large population of migrating cells under mechanical and biochemical controls experience complex changes in cell shapes and mechanics.

scholarly journals Physical Models of Collective Cell Migration

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricard Alert ◽  
Xavier Trepat
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Lattice Models ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Monolayers ◽  
Phase Field Models ◽  
Emergent Phenomena ◽  
Cell Substrate ◽  
Mechanical Waves

Collective cell migration is a key driver of embryonic development, wound healing, and some types of cancer invasion. Here, we provide a physical perspective of the mechanisms underlying collective cell migration. We begin with a catalog of the cell–cell and cell–substrate interactions that govern cell migration, which we classify into positional and orientational interactions. We then review the physical models that have been developed to explain how these interactions give rise to collective cellular movement. These models span the subcellular to the supracellular scales, and they include lattice models, phase-field models, active network models, particle models, and continuum models. For each type of model, we discuss its formulation, its limitations, and the main emergent phenomena that it has successfully explained. These phenomena include flocking and fluid–solid transitions, as well as wetting, fingering, and mechanical waves in spreading epithelial monolayers. We close by outlining remaining challenges and future directions in the physics of collective cell migration.

scholarly journals Substrate stiffness regulates cadherin-dependent collective migration through myosin-II contractility

2012 ◽  
Vol 199 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Rosa Ng ◽  
Achim Besser ◽  
Gaudenz Danuser ◽  
Joan S. Brugge
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Myosin Ii ◽  
Substrate Stiffness ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Collective Migration ◽  
Motion Coordination ◽  
Wound Edge ◽  
Cell Contractility ◽  
Epithelial Wound Healing ◽  
Contractile Forces

The mechanical microenvironment is known to influence single-cell migration; however, the extent to which mechanical cues affect collective migration of adherent cells is not well understood. We measured the effects of varying substrate compliance on individual cell migratory properties in an epithelial wound-healing assay. Increasing substrate stiffness increased collective cell migration speed, persistence, and directionality as well as the coordination of cell movements. Dynamic analysis revealed that wounding initiated a wave of motion coordination from the wound edge into the sheet. This was accompanied by a front-to-back gradient of myosin-II activation and establishment of cell polarity. The propagation was faster and farther reaching on stiff substrates, indicating that substrate stiffness affects the transmission of directional cues. Manipulation of myosin-II activity and cadherin–catenin complexes revealed that this transmission is mediated by coupling of contractile forces between neighboring cells. Thus, our findings suggest that the mechanical environment integrates in a feedback with cell contractility and cell–cell adhesion to regulate collective migration.

Collective Cell Migration in 3D Epithelial Wound Healing

ACS Nano ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Xiao ◽  
Reza Riahi ◽  
Peter Torab ◽  
Donna D. Zhang ◽  
Pak Kin Wong
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Epithelial Wound Healing
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