scholarly journals Emerging Trends in Wastewater Treatment Technologies: The Current Perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Kwaku Armah ◽  
Maggie Chetty ◽  
Jeremiah Adebisi Adedeji ◽  
Donald Tyoker Kukwa ◽  
Boldwin Mutsvene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Current Perspective ◽  
Treatment Technologies

The quality of freshwater and its supply, particularly for domestic and industrial purposes are waning due to urbanization and inefficient conventional wastewater treatment (WWT) processes. For decades, conventional WWT processes have succeeded to some extent in treating effluents to meet standard discharge requirements. However, improvements in WWT are necessary to render treated wastewater for re-use in the industrial, agricultural, and domestic sectors. Three emerging technologies including membrane technology, microbial fuel cells and microalgae, as well as WWT strategies are discussed in this chapter. These applications are a promising alternative for manifold WWT processes and distribution systems in mitigating contaminants to meet acceptable limitations. The basic principles, types and applications, merits, and demerits of the aforementioned technologies are addressed in relation to their current limitations and future research needs. The development in WWT blueprints will augment the application of these emerging technologies for sustainable management and water conservation, with re-use strategies.

scholarly journals CONTEMPLATION OF SYMBIOTIC MICROBIAL BIOFILMS IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
JUHI SHARMA ◽  
PAWAN KUMAR JAIN ◽  
VAISHALI VISHWAKARMA ◽  
ANKITA SHRIVASTAVA
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Head Loss ◽  
Performance Effectiveness ◽  
Microbial Biofilms ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Choice Of Species

State of symbiosis is created among the species that are found in naturally existing biofilms. Biofilm formation provides protection against toxic shocks, mechanical stress, and predation. Biofilm can play an important role in wastewater treatment technologies and on the other hand could also lead to plague water. Biofilm-based treatments have been traditionally used for the treatment of water but the recent development in the stream has boosted the use of biofilm in various strategies of waste water treatment especially for strategies related to BOD and nutrients. However, the blueprint and execution of this idea is still being worked on due to the problems which arise in the implementation such as corroding pipes, increasing head loss, allowing pathogens to persist in distribution systems, and fouling membrane processes. Design for choice of species for biofilm processes in particular techniques is important wastewater treatment. All these data are essential to develop the performance, effectiveness and constancy of biofilm-based wastewater treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Independent Assessment of the Energy Savings, Environmental Improvements and Water Conservation of Emerging Non-Chemical Water Treatment Technologies

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gravely ◽  
Bruce La Belle ◽  
John Balachandra
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
End User ◽  
Technical Paper ◽  
California Energy Commission ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Independent Assessment ◽  
Chemical Water

This paper discusses the results of a project funded by the California Energy Commission Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) to complete an independent assessment of the energy savings, environmental improvements and water conservation capabilities of emerging non-chemical water treatment technologies. The project was completed by a team from California State University at Sacramento and included a technical review of the emerging technologies and a detailed assessment of the emerging non-chemical water treatment technology. Clearwater Systems, Corp. The research was focused on gathering information from industrial field customers who had purchased and installed these systems and had actual experience with their operational characteristics from several months to several years. The team completed a telephone survey with approximately 15 end user customers and made site visits to ten sites. Some limited independent water testing was also completed. The results of these phone surveys and site visits were consolidated and placed in an interim report. Even though only a small number of end user customers were actually surveyed or visited, the research indicated that several hundred systems have been successfully installed in California and throughout the United States. The emerging technologies provide nonchemical treatment for cooling tower and evaporative condenser system water. All the information collected and results derived from this effort will be made available to the public later this year in the form of a PIER Technical Report. A Project Advisory Committee that included representatives from CalEPA, the Energy Commission PIER Program and local utilities supported this team. Disclaimer: This technical paper is a result of work sponsored by the California Energy Commission and does not necessarily represent the views of the Energy Commission, its employees or the State of California. This technical paper has not been approved or disapproved by the California Energy Commission nor has the Energy Commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of the information in this technical paper. Paper published with permission.

scholarly journals Extremophilic Microalgae Galdieria Gen. for Urban Wastewater Treatment: Current State, the Case of “POWER” System, and Future Prospects

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2343
Author(s):  
Maria Rosa di Cicco ◽  
Manuela Iovinella ◽  
Maria Palmieri ◽  
Carmine Lubritto ◽  
Claudia Ciniglia
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Current State ◽  
Natural Tolerance ◽  
Urban Wastewater Treatment

Over the past decades, wastewater research has increasingly focused on the use of microalgae as a tool to remove contaminants, entrapping nutrients, and whose biomass could provide both material and energy resources. This review covers the advances in the emerging research on the use in wastewater sector of thermoacidophilic, low-lipid microalgae of the genus Galdieria, which exhibit high content of protein, reserve carbohydrates, and other potentially extractable high-value compounds. The natural tolerance of Galdieria for high toxic environments and hot climates recently made it a key player in a single-step process for municipal wastewater treatment, biomass cultivation and production of energetic compounds using hydrothermal liquefaction. In this system developed in New Mexico, Galdieria proved to be a highly performing organism, able to restore the composition of the effluent to the standards required by the current legislation for the discharge of treated wastewater. Future research efforts should focus on the implementation, in the context of wastewater treatment, of more energetically efficient cultivation systems, potentially capable of generating water with increasingly higher purity levels.

scholarly journals Characterizing long-term wear and tear of ion-selective pH sensors

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kito Ohmura ◽  
Christian M. Thürlimann ◽  
Marco Kipf ◽  
Juan Pablo Carbajal ◽  
Kris Villez
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fault Detection ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Fault Detection And Identification ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Treatment Research

Abstract Today, the development and testing of methods for fault detection and identification in wastewater treatment research relies on two important assumptions: (i) that sensor faults appear at distinct times in different sensors and (ii) that any given sensor will function near-perfectly for a significant amount of time following installation. In this work, we show that such assumptions are unrealistic, at least for sensors built around an ion-selective measurement principle. Indeed, long-term exposure of sensors to treated wastewater shows that sensors exhibit fault symptoms that appear simultaneously and with similar intensity. Consequently, this suggests that future research should be reoriented towards methods that do not rely on the assumptions mentioned above. This study also provides the first empirically validated sensor fault model for wastewater treatment simulation, which is useful for effective benchmarking of both fault detection and identification methods and advanced control strategies. Finally, we evaluate the value of redundancy for remote sensor validation in decentralized wastewater treatment systems.

scholarly journals Analysis of eutrophication potential of municipal wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (9) ◽  
pp. 1994-2003
Author(s):  
M. Preisner ◽  
E. Neverova-Dziopak ◽  
Z. Kowalewski
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Eutrophication Potential ◽  
Wastewater Quality ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Abstract One of the main factors of the increased eutrophication level of surface waters is the high anthropogenic loads of biogenic substances discharged into water bodies. Municipal wastewaters, containing large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus play one of the key roles in the acceleration of eutrophication intensity. The main direction in the prevention of eutrophication caused by wastewater discharge has become the reduction of nutrient loads introduced to wastewater receivers in accordance with strict legal requirements achievable only in advanced technologies. The treated wastewater quality standards are actually developed for total nitrogen and total phosphorus content, disregarding the fact that eutrophication potential of treated wastewater is determined by the content of non-organic nutrient forms directly bioavailable for water vegetation. That is why the currently used energy-consuming and expensive technologies do not always guarantee effective protection against eutrophication and its consequences. The goal of the study was to analyze the most widely used wastewater treatment technologies for enhanced biological nutrients removal in treated wastewater eutrophication potential. For this purpose, an analysis of the operation of 18 wastewater treatment plants based on different technologies in Finland, Canada, Poland, Russia and the United States was realized. The analysis concluded that the eutrophication potential of treated wastewater to a large extent is conditioned by the applied technology. The results of the research concluded that the eutrophication potential can serve an important criterion for decision-making regarding the proper selection of wastewater treatment technologies aimed at eutrophication mitigation.

scholarly journals New Approaches in Biological Wastewater Treatment Aimed at Removal of Organic Matter and Nutrients

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Sabliy ◽  
Yevgeniy Kuzminskiy ◽  
Veronika Zhukova ◽  
Marina Kozar ◽  
Henryk Sobczuk
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Suspended Substances ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Abstract The article presents the developed anaerobic-aerobic wastewater treatment technologies. These technologies aimed at removing the organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus by means of microorganisms immobilized on fibrous carrier surfaces. The results of the laboratory research show the high efficiency of milk wastewater treatment. The following degrees of reduction were achieved for the pollutant indicators: COD -86.7-93 %, total nitrogen - 96.9-97.9 %. Compared to the traditional treatment technologies applied in Ukraine, these values are high. The concentration of organic matters and biomass of not attached bacteria decreased in bioreactor chambers. When the purification process ends, a small amount of excess biomass remains; therefore, its self-oxidation and self-regulation occurs as a result of consumption by the organisms occupying higher levels of trophic chains. The use of anaerobic-aerobic bioreactors system for the treatment of wastewater enables achieving high outflow quality and prevents the suspended substances from slipping. Immobilization of microorganisms on the first stage of the technology prevents the formation of big amount of excessive sludge and removes biomass from the bioreactor, which allows the technology even for the heavily polluted wastewater. In reactors containing immobilized microorganisms, the organic matter compounds used in subsequent reactors for phosphate accumulation are split. The presented biotechnology saves electric energy, provides sufficient quality of treatment, and ensure the compliance of treated wastewater with the effluent standards.

scholarly journals Membrane Technologies in Wastewater Treatment: A Review

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elorm Obotey Ezugbe ◽  
Sudesh Rathilal
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Technology ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Membrane Technologies ◽  
Over Exploitation

In the face of water shortages, the world seeks to explore all available options in reducing the over exploitation of limited freshwater resources. One of the surest available water resources is wastewater. As the population grows, industrial, agricultural, and domestic activities increase accordingly in order to cater for the voluminous needs of man. These activities produce large volumes of wastewater from which water can be reclaimed to serve many purposes. Over the years, conventional wastewater treatment processes have succeeded to some extent in treating effluents for discharge purposes. However, improvements in wastewater treatment processes are necessary in order to make treated wastewater re-usable for industrial, agricultural, and domestic purposes. Membrane technology has emerged as a favorite choice for reclaiming water from different wastewater streams for re-use. This review looks at the trending membrane technologies in wastewater treatment, their advantages and disadvantages. It also discusses membrane fouling, membrane cleaning, and membrane modules. Finally, recommendations for future research pertaining to the application of membrane technology in wastewater treatment are made.

An insight into cathode options for microbial fuel cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 2031-2037 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Lefebvre ◽  
A. Al-Mamun ◽  
W. K. Ooi ◽  
Z. Tang ◽  
D. H. C. Chua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Pt Catalyst ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Cathode Catalysts ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Sputter Deposited ◽  
The Cost

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is an emerging and promising technology, particularly in the field of wastewater treatment. The MFC capability of achieving organic removal and generating in situ electricity could make it an attractive alternative wastewater treatment technology over conventional treatment technologies. However, MFC is still far from being economically viable, especially because of the cost of the platinum (Pt) catalyst that makes possible the reaction at the cathode. In this study, we tested alternative cathode catalysts, namely sputter-deposited Cobalt (Co) and denitrifying bacteria (biocathode). The performance of these innovative cathodes was compared with that of classic Pt-cathodes. Co competed well with Pt, but further research is still required for biocathodes. However, biocathodes MFC have showed promise.

Opportunities and Challenges for Treated Wastewater Reuse in the West Bank, Tunisia, and Qatar

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1563-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne E. Dare ◽  
Rabi H. Mohtar ◽  
Chad T. Jafvert ◽  
Basem Shomar ◽  
Bernard Engel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
The West ◽  
Natural Treatment ◽  
Treated Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Treatment Technologies

Abstract. Harsh environment, severe aridity, and climate change create chronic water shortages in the Middle East. Technical challenges, socio-economic factors, and competing uses of water have escalated the difficulties in water planning at national and institutional levels. This research identifies opportunities and challenges associated with wastewater treatment systems and the potential for wastewater reuse in the West Bank, Tunisia, and Qatar through the following objectives: (1) identify the factors associated with successful and unsuccessful reuse schemes, (2) compare treated wastewater quality with end use application of treated wastewater, and (3) identify the governance and social challenges preventing the use of treated wastewater, specifically in agricultural applications. Water quality analyses and consultations with farmers, local stakeholders, and water and agriculture experts were conducted. Opportunities and challenges for treated wastewater reuse in agriculture are identified as the proximity of the treatment facility to agricultural areas, water quality, and motivation of farmers. With proper maintenance and appropriate monitoring, the modest (natural) treatment facilities in the West Bank and secondary treatment technologies in Tunisia are capable of producing effluent safe for use in production of certain agricultural products; however, in Qatar, despite massive investments in producing high-quality treated wastewater using advanced treatment technologies, there is little demand. Water policies, laws and acts, and action plans are urgently needed to be coupled and integrated for implementation. Keywords: Arid lands, Food security, MENA, Wastewater treatment, Water reuse.

Model-based evaluation of an on-line control strategy for SBRs based on OUR and ORP measurements

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ll. Corominas ◽  
G. Sin ◽  
S. Puig ◽  
A. Traore ◽  
M. Balaguer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
On Line ◽  
Key Aspects

Application of control strategies for existing wastewater treatment technologies becomes necessary to meet ever-stricter effluent legislations and reduce the associated treatment costs. In the case of SBR technology, controlling the phase scheduling is one of the key aspects of SBR operation. In this study a calibrated mechanistic model based on the ASM1 was used to evaluate an on-line control strategy for the SBR phase-scheduling and compare it with the SBR's performance using no control strategy. To evaluate the performance, reference indices relating to the effluent quality, the required energy for aeration and the treated wastewater volume were used. The results showed that it is possible to maintain optimal SBR performance in the studied system at minimal costs by on-line control of the length of the aerobic and anoxic phases.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document