scholarly journals Inherited Disorders of Hemoglobin and Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith Christiane Bougouma ◽  
Sodiomon Bienvenu Sirima
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Early Mortality ◽  
Inherited Disorders ◽  
Red Cell Membrane ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Malaria Susceptibility ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

An estimated 300,000 babies are born each year with severe Inherited Disorders of Hemoglobin (IDH). Despite major advances in the understanding of the molecular pathology, control, and management of the IDH thousands of infants and children with these diseases are dying due to the accessibility to appropriate medical care. In addition, as malaria has been the principal cause of early mortality in several parts of the world for much of the last 5000 years, as a result, it is the strongest force for selective pressure on the human genome. That is why, in the world, there is an overlap of malaria endemicity and IDH. Over the past twenty years several studies have shown that IDH such us hemoglobin and/or red cell membrane abnormalities confer resistance to malaria reducing hence the mortality during the first years of life. This has led to the selection of populations with IDH in malaria-endemic areas. This may explain the overlap between these two pathologies. This chapter aims to present the relationship between IDH and malaria susceptibility, make an overview of the current state of knowledge and the burden of IDH, and highlight steps that require to be taken urgently to improve the situation.

Advances in cyclosporine pharmacology, measurement, and therapeutic monitoring.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1299-1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
L M Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Monitoring ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Variability ◽  
Toxic Activity ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Current State ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This review will focus on our current state of understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which CsA exerts immunosuppression and will present new information on: pharmacokinetic variability of CsA, selection of specimen and method for measuring CsA concentration, identity of CsA metabolites and their immunosuppressive and toxic activity, and the relationship between steady-state pre-dose concentrations of CsA in blood and response to treatment in transplant patients.

scholarly journals VOLUNTEER ACTIVITY IN TOURISM: ADVANTAGES AND PROBLEMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
N. A. Ofitserova
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Difference ◽  
Volunteer Tourism ◽  
Volunteer Program ◽  
Volunteer Activity ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Volunteer Programs ◽  
The Relationship

The paper reveals the essence of volunteer tourism, as well as the relationship between the concepts of tourist volunteering and volunteer tourism, their fundamental difference. The article studies problems of the current state of volunteer tourism, its advantages, as well as gives recommendations for improvement, proposes measures to support activities within the framework of volunteer tourism in Russia. The author gives examples of volunteer programs and directions both in Russia and in the world. The study concludes that only a good goal can not always be realized. In view of this, you should carefully consider the choice of a volunteer program. Volunteer programs are diverse, therefore it is important that the skills are used effectively and efficiently.

scholarly journals Theoretical and methodological approaches to periodization of technical and technological development

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The One ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Scientific Ideas ◽  
Selection Of

The article is devoted to the problem of technical and technological development, which in the modern globalized world is subject to the laws of cyclicity. The realities of today are evidence that in every country of the world coexist and interact elements of different levels of technological structures, which requires a balanced policy to manage their development. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the main theoretical and methodological approaches to the periodization of technical and technological development of the world economy and the formation of generalized criteria for structuring periods of its cyclical dynamics. In the course of the research the tasks were solved, which consisted in the selection of those theoretical and methodological approaches that most fully cover the causal links between changes in technology and technology, on the one hand, and development – on the other; identifying in each approach the criteria of periodization and determining the possibilities of these approaches to describe the current situation. The methodological basis was such general scientific research methods as dialectics, analysis and synthesis, the unity of historical and logical, as well as methods of generalizations, comparisons and classifications. The result of their application was to clarify the essence and establish the specifics of the conceptual approaches of M. Kondratiev, С. Perez and S. Glazyev, which today are considered to be leading in explaining technical and technological development. Based on the comparison of these theoretical and methodological approaches, a generalized idea of the criteria for periodization of the latter is formed. The general conclusion of the study is the formation of scientific ideas about the stages through which society passes in its technical and technological development. This allows you to properly assess the current state of a particular economic system and choose more effective instruments of economic policy to guide its development through progress.

scholarly journals Verso il restauro

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio De Vita
Keyword(s):  
Final Stage ◽  
University Education ◽  
University Faculty ◽  
The World ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Specific Discipline ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

The book brings together critical considerations and experiences linked to the work of the author, lecturer in restoration at the Florence University Faculty of Architecture, as supervisor of degree theses on restoration. The reflections concern teaching Restoration as a subject, the conditions within which the knowledge and culture of restoration can ripen within our universities and the most recent problems encountered by both the discipline and restoration projects. In the first part of the publication, these aspects are set out in broad and more precisely conceptual and methodological terms in chapters and themed paragraphs which also act as a guide to drawing up degree theses on restoration, as well as a contributing to the didactics and efficiency of the specific discipline. This is followed by a selection of degree theses on restoration discussed in recent years which show the route from the principles, general problems and intervention criteria for every case study to drawing up a project. They are projects that deal with analysis methods and techniques, surveys, specialist restorations, regeneration, and the relationship between old and new. In short, the projects are what gave the final stage in the university education meaning and substance, also in order to acquire fundamental keys to restoration culture and activities in the world after university.

scholarly journals Evolution and Current State of Money Circulation in Ukraine and the World

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Dobrovolska ◽  
Viktoriya Marhasova ◽  
Oleksandr Momot ◽  
Larysa Borysova ◽  
Nataliia Kozii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Exchange Reserves ◽  
Experimental Part ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
Evolution And Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
National Bank ◽  
Monetary Relations ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

The article discusses the theoretical and methodological foundations of the functioning of the institution of monetary relations. The main stages of the evolution and development of monetary relations in the world are shown. The key motives that contributed to the transformation of monetary relations from one type to another are highlighted.On the example of the monetary system of Ukraine, as a particular case of the world system, the processes of its formation and formation are shown. Shown are the tools by which the country's regulatory authorities have an impact on the main characteristics of the monetary system. As a key participant in the system of monetary relations, the functions and powers of the National Bank of Ukraine are described.The state of the modern monetary system of Ukraine and its adaptation to crisis phenomena are considered. In the experimental part, the stages of development of the economic crisis are considered, and the regulator's decisions on measures of influence are shown to overcome it. The article examines data on the relationship between inflationary processes and control over the management of the country's gold and foreign exchange reserves.

Implementing Solomon Islands’ Protected Areas Act: opportunities and challenges for World Heritage conservation

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Price
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
World Heritage Convention ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

The inscription of East Rennell in Solomon Islands on the World Heritage List was a landmark in the implementation of the World Heritage Convention. However, the site is now on the List of World Heritage in Danger, threatened by resource development, invasive species, climate change and the over-harvesting of certain animals. This article examines the scope for the Protected Areas Act of 2010 to be used to safeguard the site, and the challenges that may be encountered if the Act is implemented there. It explains how the Act provides direct protection against some (but not all) of the threats to East Rennell. Furthermore, the approach to conservation facilitated by the Act is appropriate for Solomon Islands, where most land is under customary tenure, many people rely on natural resources to support their subsistence lifestyles and the government's capacity to enforce legislation is limited. The article argues that the relationship between the legislation and custom must be considered in the design of the landowner consent process, the preparation of the site's management plan, and the selection of its management committee. Additionally, the protected area should aim to improve the livelihoods of the East Rennellese, as well as safeguarding the site's heritage values.

scholarly journals Retrotopia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zygmunt Bauman
Keyword(s):  
Social Engineering ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In 2018, WCIOM completed the translation of the last book of the famous sociologist Z. Bauman “Retrotopia”, focused on the analysis of the relationship of the current state of society with its past. This book will be presented during the IX Grushinsky Conference (March 20–21, 2019), devoted to the theme  “Social engineering: how sociology changes the world”.

scholarly journals A.J. TOYNBEE: HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE AND COTEMPORANEITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 171-185
Author(s):  
Карина Викторовна Ануфриева
Keyword(s):  
Historical Writing ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
World Community ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Collective Experience ◽  
The Relationship

Рассматривается интерпретация А.Д. Тойнби взаимосвязи исторического опыта и современности. Показано, что видение исторического опыта этим автором обосновывается на базе антропологии, позволяющей обосновать его эпистемологические характеристики. Рассмотрены истоки концепции исторического опыта Тойнби в воззрениях А. Бергсона, П. Тейяра де Шардена и других авторов. Взгляды Тойнби на живой индивидуальный и коллективный опыт, их соотношение с историописанием сопоставлены с идеями Ф. Анкерсмита и других философов. В свете подхода Тойнби к историческому опыту рассмотрена его деятельность как историка и аналитика современного состояния мирового сообщества. The article is focused on A.J. Toynbee's interpretation of the relationship between historical experience and contemporaneity. It reveals that the vision of historical experience by this author is justified on the basis of anthropology, which allows to substantiate its epistemological characteristics. The sources of Toynbee's views on historical experience in the heritage of A. Bergson, P. Teilhard de Chardin, and other authors are considered. Toynbee's views on live individual and collective experience, as well as their correlation with historical writing are compared to the ideas of F. Ankersmit, and other philosophers. In the light of Toynbee's approach to historical experience, his activity as a historian and analyst of the current state of the world community is considered.

scholarly journals Historiographer and novelist-historiographer. Letters from D. S. Merezhkovsky to P. E. Shchegolev

Literary Fact ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 108-132
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Lavrov
Keyword(s):  
Main Topic ◽  
Historical Materials ◽  
Liberation Movement ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

The publication is devoted to the relationship of Dmitry Merezhkovsky, one of the main authors of Russian modernism, and Pavel Shchegolev, an outstanding specialist in the history of the liberation movement and the socio-politi- cal life of Russia in the 18 th  –19 th centuries. For the first time, 15 letters from Merezh- kovsky to Shchegolev (1905 –1914) are published. Along with a discussion of current events in the world of literature and journalism, the main topic of the correspondence is Merezhkovsky's work on historical compositions  – the drama “Paul I”, the novels “Alexander I”, “December 14”. Shchegolev actively helped the writer in the selection of historical materials, provided copies of archival files of the investigation and tri- al of the Decembrists; he was impressed by Merezhkovsky's strict documentary ap- proach to the recreation of the heroes and the era of Alexander and Nikolay. The letters and scientific commentary highlight the contradictory perception of Merezhkovsky's works by contemporary Russian criticism.

scholarly journals Improving the Technology of Forming the Creative Competence of the Future Teacher

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2443-2450
Keyword(s):  
Future Teacher ◽  
Creative Development ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
World Community ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Education Today ◽  
General Pedagogy ◽  
Selection Of

Today, at the demand of time, it is necessary not only to obtain a volume of knowledge in all subjects but also to be ready for change, for creativity. To form creativity and a creative approach precisely - this should become one of the main tasks of modern education today. And it is a creative approach to business, non-standard thinking, independent judgments that help future specialists to navigate in an unstable society. The presence of creativity and creative abilities determines the effectiveness of the work, affects the professionalism of the work, is essential in the selection of young personnel. That is why today in Uzbekistan the question arises about the formation of future teachers, and specialists in various fields, the “new formation” in the process of studying at a university, the process of active integration into the world community is underway thanks to scientifically developed reforms closely related to education. This article was written with the aim of improving the technology for creating the creative competence of a future teacher. In accordance with the purpose of the study, the research objectives are defined: to analyze and generalize the historical and pedagogical domestic and foreign experience and the current state of the problem of improving the technology of creative competence of the future teacher; to improve the typology of teachers according to the level of creative approach to the creative development of the student; to develop a system of innovative modules for improving the technology of formation of students' creative competence; substantiate the need for qualitative formal and substantial changes in the course of general pedagogy at a pedagogical university, taking into account the creative nature of the teacher’s activities and experimentally confirm the effectiveness of the proposed system, introduce it into the practice of preparing a future teacher. A technology has been developed for the formation of the creative competence of a future teacher, including methods, forms and means identified, recommendations and conclusions.

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