scholarly journals Effects of Salinity on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Stage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cüneyt Uçarlı
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Early Seedling

COMPETITIVE EFFICIENCY OF WEEDS AND CEREAL CROPS

1934 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Pavlychenko ◽  
J. B. Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root System ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Competitive Efficiency ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Stomatal Number

The results of a study of the competing abilities of certain weeds and crop plants are presented. Characteristics studied as possible indicators of competitive efficiency were development of assimilation surface, stomatal number, readiness and uniformity of seed germination and distribution and penetration of root systems.It is shown that success in competition depends on readiness and uniformity of germination under adverse moisture conditions, the ability to develop a large assimilation surface in the early seedling stage, the possession of a large number of stomata and a root system with a large mass of fibre close to the surface but with its main roots penetrating deeply.Cereal crops were classified in the order of competing ability as follows:— barley, rye, wheat and oats, flax. Brassica arvensis and Avena falua were the most vigorous competitors among the weeds studied.

scholarly journals Basal Transcription Factor 3 Plays an Important Role in Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Rice

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyi Wang ◽  
Mengyun Xu ◽  
Ya Wang ◽  
Muhammad Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Conserved Domain ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Regulatory Functions

BTF3 has been recognized to be involved in plant growth and development. But its function remains mostly unknown during seed germination and seedling stage. Here, we have analyzed OsBTF3-related sequences inOryza sativaL. subspecies, japonica, which resembles with the conserved domain of a nascent polypeptide associated complex (NAC) with different homologs of OsBTF3 and human BTF3. Inhibition ofOsj10gBTF3has led to considerable morphological changes during seed germination and seedling growth. Germination percentage was not influenced by the application of GA3, ABA, and NaCl but all concentrations caused wild-type (WT) seeds to germinate more rapidly than the RNAi (Osj10gBTF3Ri) transgenic lines. Seedling inhibition was more severe in theOsj10gBTF3Riseedlings compared with their WT especially when treated with 100 or 200 μM GA3; 50% reduction in shoots was observed inOsj10gBTF3Riseedlings. The expression ofOsj3g1BTF3,Osj3g2BTF3andOsj10gBTF3was primarily constitutive and generally modulated by NaCl, ABA, and GA3stresses in bothOsj10gBTF3Rilines and WT at the early seedling stage, suggesting thatOsj3g1BTF3andOsj10gBTF3are much similar but different fromOsj3g2BTF3in biological function. These results show that OsBTF3 plays an important role in seed germination and seedling growth gives a new perception demonstrating that more multifaceted regulatory functions are linked with BTF3 in plants.

scholarly journals The CBL-Interacting Protein Kinase NtCIPK23 Positively Regulates Seed Germination and Early Seedling Development in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Sujuan Shi ◽  
Lulu An ◽  
Jingjing Mao ◽  
Oluwaseun Olayemi Aluko ◽  
Zia Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Hypocotyl Elongation ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Tobacco Seedlings ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Cotyledon Expansion

CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) family is a unique group of serine/threonine protein kinase family identified in plants. Among this family, AtCIPK23 and its homologs in some plants are taken as a notable group for their importance in ions transport and stress responses. However, there are limited reports on their roles in seedling growth and development, especially in Solanaceae plants. In this study, NtCIPK23, a homolog of AtCIPK23 was cloned from Nicotiana tabacum. Expression analysis showed that NtCIPK23 is mainly expressed in the radicle, hypocotyl, and cotyledons of young tobacco seedlings. The transcriptional level of NtCIPK23 changes rapidly and spatiotemporally during seed germination and early seedling growth. To study the biological function of NtCIPK23 at these stages, the overexpressing and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-out (ntcipk23) tobacco lines were generated. Phenotype analysis indicated that knock-out of NtCIPK23 significantly delays seed germination and the appearance of green cotyledon of young tobacco seedling. Overexpression of NtCIPK23 promotes cotyledon expansion and hypocotyl elongation of young tobacco seedlings. The expression of NtCIPK23 in hypocotyl is strongly upregulated by darkness and inhibited under light, suggesting that a regulatory mechanism of light might underlie. Consistently, a more obvious difference in hypocotyl length among different tobacco materials was observed in the dark, compared to that under the light, indicating that the upregulation of NtCIPK23 contributes greatly to the hypocotyl elongation. Taken together, NtCIPK23 not only enhances tobacco seed germination, but also accelerate early seedling growth by promoting cotyledon greening rate, cotyledon expansion and hypocotyl elongation of young tobacco seedlings.

scholarly journals Antioxidative and Metabolic Contribution to Salinity Stress Responses in Two Rapeseed Cultivars during the Early Seedling Stage

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1227
Author(s):  
Ali Mahmoud El-Badri ◽  
Maria Batool ◽  
Ibrahim A. A. Mohamed ◽  
Zongkai Wang ◽  
Ahmed Khatab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Early Seedling

Measuring metabolite patterns and antioxidant ability is vital to understanding the physiological and molecular responses of plants under salinity. A morphological analysis of five rapeseed cultivars showed that Yangyou 9 and Zhongshuang 11 were the most salt-tolerant and -sensitive, respectively. In Yangyou 9, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were minimized by the activation of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) for scavenging of over-accumulated ROS under salinity stress. Furthermore, Yangyou 9 showed a significantly higher positive correlation with photosynthetic pigments, osmolyte accumulation, and an adjusted Na+/K+ ratio to improve salt tolerance compared to Zhongshuang 11. Out of 332 compounds identified in the metabolic profile, 225 metabolites were filtrated according to p < 0.05, and 47 metabolites responded to salt stress within tolerant and sensitive cultivars during the studied time, whereas 16 and 9 metabolic compounds accumulated during 12 and 24 h, respectively, in Yangyou 9 after being sown in salt treatment, including fatty acids, amino acids, and flavonoids. These metabolites are relevant to metabolic pathways (amino acid, sucrose, flavonoid metabolism, and tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), which accumulated as a response to salinity stress. Thus, Yangyou 9, as a tolerant cultivar, showed improved antioxidant enzyme activity and higher metabolite accumulation, which enhances its tolerance against salinity. This work aids in elucidating the essential cellular metabolic changes in response to salt stress in rapeseed cultivars during seed germination. Meanwhile, the identified metabolites can act as biomarkers to characterize plant performance in breeding programs under salt stress. This comprehensive study of the metabolomics and antioxidant activities of Brassica napus L. during the early seedling stage is of great reference value for plant breeders to develop salt-tolerant rapeseed cultivars.

scholarly journals Selection of drought tolerant wheat genotypes by osmotic stress imposed at germination and early seedling stage

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-192
Author(s):  
RR Saha ◽  
A Hannan ◽  
A Nessa ◽  
MA Malek ◽  
MR Islam
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Metabolic Efficiency ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Peg Treatment ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Different Levels

An experiment on hundred wheat genotypes under different levels of osmotic stress was carried out during 2014 to select the genotype(s) tolerant to drought at germination and early seedling stage. Different levels of osmotic stress were imposed by using polyethylene glycol (PEG). Three osmotic stress levels viz. control (distilled water), 15% PEG solution and 25% PEG solution were used. Among the 100 genotypes the rate of germination percentage, final germination (%), root and shoot dry weight, amount of respiration and vigour index under PEG treatment was found significantly lower than that of control condition. Compared to control condition relative decrease in rate of germination, final germination, amount of respiration and vigour index among the wheat genotypes were found more at 25% PEG than that of 15% PEG treatment. However, the seed metabolic efficiency was significantly higher in wheat genotypes under both 15% PEG and 25% PEG treatment compared to the control condition. A significant positive correlation exists between the important growth parameters like rate of germination (%), final germination (%), shoot dry weight, root dry weight and vigour index. On the basis of these physiological traits against osmotic stress, nine genotypes of wheat such as BD-480, BD-498, BD- 501, BD-513, BD-514, BD-519, BD-592, BD-618 and BD- 633 were selected as drought tolerant.SAARC J. Agri., 15(2): 177-192 (2017)

scholarly journals Assessment on the Effects of Potting Media on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-975
Author(s):  
M.K. Peter ◽  
SIN Agera ◽  
J.I. Amonum
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Poultry Droppings

This study investigated the effects of potting media on seed germination and early seedling growth of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir at the Forestry Nursery in Jos, Nigeria. Using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replicates, laboratory-tested soil samples, top soil, sharp sand, sharp sand + top soil, sharp sand + top soil + cow dung and sharp sand + top soil + poultry droppings were used in various combinations to assess the growth parameters of P. erinaceus (germination percentage, emergence, plant height, number of leaves, length of leaves and stem diameter) for 12 weeks. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze collected data. Result indicated that sharp sand + top soil + poultry droppings had the highest nitrogen concentration (2.19%), sharp sand + top soil + cow dung (2.07%), sharp sand + top soil (1.50%), top soil (0.72%) and Sharp sand (0.38%). Potting media with poultry droppings recorded an overall higher percentage germination of 42.9% by the end of the germination period. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of collected data on combined soil aggregate on growth parameters indicated a significant (p<0.05) difference in plant height, number of leaves, leaf length and stem diameter. Potting with poultry dropping gave the best potting media growth results when compared to other treatments that enhanced seed germination and seedling growth of P. erinaceus. This superior observation of the poultry droppings incorporated potting mixtures over the cow dung provides an outstanding potentials to enhance P. erinaceus plantation establishment. Consequently, recommended for raising seedlings in the nursery as well as ensuring sustainable management.

scholarly journals Physiological Evaluation of Different Rice Genotypes to Two Salinity Level during Seedling Stage under Hydroponic System

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-56
Author(s):  
S. Lakshmi ◽  
V. Ravichandran ◽  
L. Arul ◽  
K. Krishna Surendar
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Ion Absorption ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Hydroponics study was conducted to screen eight rice genotypes (CO 51, ADT 53, ADT 37, IR 64, CO 43, ASD 16, Pokkali; TRY 3) under salinity stress on early seedling stage. Two Saline treatments (75 and 100 mM NaCl) were given at 15 days old seedling; observations were recorded at 10 days after salt stress. Results showed that shoot length, root length, total fresh and dry weight, shoot and root fresh weight, shoot and root dry weight and root- shoot ratio were reduced under saline conditions compared to control. Na+ ion Concentration and Na+/ k+ ratio was higher in saline treatments than control. However, K+ ion absorption decreased with increasing salinity level. Electrolyte leakage and osmotic potential had increasing trend with increasing level of salinity. In this study, rice genotypes Pokkali, TRY 3 and CO 43 perform as tolerant; CO 51, ADT 53 and ASD 16 perform as moderately tolerant; ADT 37 is susceptible and IR 64 is highly susceptible. This type of study is required to develop salt tolerant genotypes at salt stress during seedling stage; to increase the growth and yield of rice there by satisfy the need of country’s requirement.

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