scholarly journals Control of a Prosthetic Arm Using fNIRS, a Neural-Machine Interface

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usama Ali Syed ◽  
Zareena Kausar ◽  
Neelum Yousaf Sattar
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Time Signal ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Prosthetic Devices ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann

Development in the field of bio-mechatronics has provided diverse ways to mimic and improve the function of human limbs. Without an elbow joint, the hand remains stiff because all the muscles tension passes through this joint. Advanced myoelectric prosthetic devices are limited due to the lack of appropriate signal sources on residual amputee muscles and insufficient real-time control. Neural-machine interfaces (NMI) are representing a recent approach to develop effective applications. In this research study, an NMI is designed that presents real-time signal processing for command generation. The human brain hemodynamic responses are, therefore, translated into control commands for people suffering from transhumeral amputation. A novel and first of its kind scheme is proposed which utilizes functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to generate the control commands for a three-degree-of-freedom (DOF) prosthetic arm. The time window for fNIRS signals was set to 1 second. The average accuracy was found to be 82% which is a state-of-the-art result for such a technique. The accuracy ranged from 65 to 85% subject-wise. The data were trained and tested on both artificial neural network (ANN) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Eight out of 10 motions were correctly predicted in real time by both classifiers.

scholarly journals A Multiday Evaluation of Real-Time Intramuscular EMG Usability with ANN

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3385
Author(s):  
Asim Waris ◽  
Muhammad Zia ur Rehman ◽  
Imran Khan Niazi ◽  
Mads Jochumsen ◽  
Kevin Englehart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Completion Rate ◽  
Test Scheme ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
The Real ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Path Efficiency ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann

Recent developments in implantable technology, such as high-density recordings, wireless transmission of signals to a prosthetic hand, may pave the way for intramuscular electromyography (iEMG)-based myoelectric control in the future. This study aimed to investigate the real-time control performance of iEMG over time. A novel protocol was developed to quantify the robustness of the real-time performance parameters. Intramuscular wires were used to record EMG signals, which were kept inside the muscles for five consecutive days. Tests were performed on multiple days using Fitts’ law. Throughput, completion rate, path efficiency and overshoot were evaluated as performance metrics using three train/test strategies. Each train/test scheme was categorized on the basis of data quantity and the time difference between training and testing data. An artificial neural network (ANN) classifier was trained and tested on (i) data from the same day (WDT), (ii) data collected from the previous day and tested on present-day (BDT) and (iii) trained on all previous days including the present day and tested on present-day (CDT). It was found that the completion rate (91.6 ± 3.6%) of CDT was significantly better (p < 0.01) than BDT (74.02 ± 5.8%) and WDT (88.16 ± 3.6%). For BDT, on average, the first session of each day was significantly better (p < 0.01) than the second and third sessions for completion rate (77.9 ± 14.0%) and path efficiency (88.9 ± 16.9%). Subjects demonstrated the ability to achieve targets successfully with wire electrodes. Results also suggest that time variations in the iEMG signal can be catered by concatenating the data over several days. This scheme can be helpful in attaining stable and robust performance.

A Real Time Control Architecture for Continuously Managing Patients in a Care Unit

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (05) ◽  
pp. 475-488
Author(s):  
B. Seroussi ◽  
J. F. Boisvieux ◽  
V. Morice
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Control Architecture ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Time Representation ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Continuous Support ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Computerized System

Abstract:The monitoring and treatment of patients in a care unit is a complex task in which even the most experienced clinicians can make errors. A hemato-oncology department in which patients undergo chemotherapy asked for a computerized system able to provide intelligent and continuous support in this task. One issue in building such a system is the definition of a control architecture able to manage, in real time, a treatment plan containing prescriptions and protocols in which temporal constraints are expressed in various ways, that is, which supervises the treatment, including controlling the timely execution of prescriptions and suggesting modifications to the plan according to the patient’s evolving condition. The system to solve these issues, called SEPIA, has to manage the dynamic, processes involved in patient care. Its role is to generate, in real time, commands for the patient’s care (execution of tests, administration of drugs) from a plan, and to monitor the patient’s state so that it may propose actions updating the plan. The necessity of an explicit time representation is shown. We propose using a linear time structure towards the past, with precise and absolute dates, open towards the future, and with imprecise and relative dates. Temporal relative scales are introduced to facilitate knowledge representation and access.

Real-time Control for Mobile Robot Considering Environmental Changes

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1369-1374
Author(s):  
Hiromi SATO ◽  
Yuichiro MORIKUNI ◽  
Kiyotaka KATO
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robot ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Time Control

Using graphs to construct a math model of a microcontroller-based system for preset rate control of a flywheel motor to be used in high-dynamics spacecraft

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-134
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. NEKRASOV
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Rotation Rate ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Math Model ◽  
The Real ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Power Matrix ◽  
High Dynamics ◽  
Stated Problem

Developing a microcontroller-based system for controlling the flywheel motor of high-dynamics spacecraft using Russian-made parts and components made it possible to make statement of the problem of searching control function for a preset rotation rate of the flywheel rotor. This paper discusses one of the possible options for mathematical study of the stated problem, namely, application of structural analysis based on graph theory. Within the framework of the stated problem a graph was constructed for generating the new required rate, while in order to consider the stochastic case option the incidence and adjacency matrices were constructed. The stated problem was solved using a power matrix which transforms a set of contiguous matrices of the graph of admissible solution edge sequences, the real-time control function was found. Based on the results of this work, operational trials were run for the developed control function of the flywheel motor rotor rotation rate, a math model was constructed for the real-time control function, and conclusions were drawn about the feasibility of implementing the results of this study. Key words: Control function, graph, incidence matrix, adjacency matrix, power matrix, microcontroller control of the flywheel motor, highly dynamic spacecraft.

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