scholarly journals Clinical Relations of Sarcopenia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
IGP Suka Aryana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Working Group ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Geriatric Syndromes ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
European Working ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors

Sarcopenia is one of geriatric syndromes, characterized by decreased muscle mass accompanied by decreased muscle strength and/or performance. It is more prevalent with increase in age, and the prevalence depends on the criteria applied and the characteristic of the elderly. Sarcopenia has a higher risk of morbidity and mortality in elderly patients. The definition criteria of sarcopenia are still controversial, but diagnostic criteria from the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) are the most used criteria for clinical practice. Pathogenesis sarcopenia involved a multifactorial process and is divided into intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Risk factors for sarcopenia include constitutional factors, aging, lifestyle, changes in body condition, and chronic diseases. Based on that, sarcopenia is divided into primary and secondary sarcopenia. There are three stage of sarcopenia, which are pre-sarcopenia, sarcopenia, and severe sarcopenia. Nutrition and exercise are the two main pillars to manage sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Sarcopenia and homocysteine: is there a possible association in the elderly? A narrative review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Rachele De Giuseppe ◽  
Chiara Elena Tomasinelli ◽  
Alessandra Vincenti ◽  
Ilaria Di Napoli ◽  
Massimo Negro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Working Group ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
European Working ◽  
Muscle Homeostasis

Abstract Background Sarcopenia (SA) is a progressive skeletal muscle disorder, associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes, including falls, fractures, physical disability and mortality. Several risks factors may contribute to the development of SA in the elderly; among them, nutrition plays a key role in muscle health. The elderly are at risk of inadequate intake in terms of micronutrients affecting muscle-homeostasis, such as B vitamins, related to homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism. Objectives and Methods This narrative review analysed the association between increased Hcy levels and SA, according to the criteria of the International Working Group on Sarcopenia, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People and the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. The authors focused not only on SA per se but also on exploring the association between increased Hcy levels and components of SA, including muscle mass, muscle strength and physical performance. Results Results are inconsistent, except for muscle mass, showing no significant associations with Hcy levels. Conclusions Few and conflicting data emerged in this review on the association between SA and increased Hcy levels due to numerous differences between studies that change the significance of the association of Hcy and SA, as well as with the muscle strength, muscle mass and physical performance. Furthermore, because the ageing process is not uniform in the population due to differences in genetics, lifestyle and general health, chronological age fails to address the observed heterogeneity among the "elderly" of the studies reported in this revision. Therefore, further studies are still needed.

scholarly journals AB0154 USAGE OF THE SARC-F QUESTIONNAIRE FOR SARCOPENIA SCREENING IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1104.2-1104
Author(s):  
O. Dobrovolskaya ◽  
N. Toroptsova ◽  
O. Nikitinskaya ◽  
A. Efremova ◽  
N. Demin
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Older People ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
European Working Group ◽  
European Working

Background:Sarcopenia, characterized by low muscle strength and low muscle quantity or quality and associated with increased risks of falling and mortality. The prevalence of sarcopenia is 37% among patients with RA [1]. However, in clinical practice settings, sarcopenia among RA patients remains underdiagnosed. The SARC-F questionnaire [2] was recommended by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) before performing muscle strength tests and assessment muscle mass.Objectives:To evaluate the diagnostic value of the SARC-F questionnaire for the screening of sarcopenia (SP) in women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods:83 women (average age 59±8 years) with RA without aseptic bone necrosis, joint replacement and severe comorbidities were recruited. All patients were interviewed with the SARC-F questionnaire. The summation score ≥ 4 corresponded to cut-off for suspected sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was evaluated using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2), which included dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), handgrip strength or chair stand test, and gait speed. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative prognostic values of the SARC-F questionnaire were estimated.Results:Confirmed SP was diagnosed in 20 (24%) RA patients, who had low muscle strength and mass. When conventional cut-off point (≥4) for SARC-F questionnaire was applied, only 30% of the patients with SP met this condition (sensitivity 30%, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 13% to 54%), and 41% of the patients without SP did not meet this condition (specificity 41%, 95% CI 29% to 54%). Positive and negative prognostic values were 14% (95% CI 6% to 29%) and 65% (95% CI 48% to 79%), respectively.Conclusion:The SARC-F questionnaire alone is not adequate for screening of SP in RA patient. It is necessary to develop other simple screening methods that can easily be carried out in real clinical practice to identify individuals with possible SP for further diagnostic tests.References:[1]Torii M, Hashimoto M, Hanai A, et al. Prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Modern Rheumatology, 2018;29(4):589-595. doi:10.1080/14397595.2018.1510565.[2]Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, et al. Writing Group for the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2), and the Extended Group for EWGSOP2. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing. 2019;48(1):16-31. doi:10.1093/ageing/afy169.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Prevalence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults using the definition of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2: findings from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 910-916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miji Kim ◽  
Chang Won Won
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Older People ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
European Working ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background in October 2018, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) updated their original definition of sarcopenia to reflect the scientific and clinical evidence that has accumulated over the last decade. Objective to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in a large group of community-dwelling older adults using the EWGSOP2 definition and algorithm. Design a cross-sectional study. Setting the nationwide Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS). Subjects a total of 2,099 ambulatory community-dwelling older adults, aged 70–84 years (mean age, 75.9 ± 4.0 years; 49.8% women) who were enrolled in the KFACS. Methods physical function was assessed by handgrip strength, usual gait speed, the five-times-sit-to-stand test, the timed up-and-go test, and the Short Physical Performance Battery. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results according to the criteria of the EWGSOP2, the sarcopenia indicators of combined low muscle strength and low muscle quantity were present in 4.6–14.5% of men and 6.7–14.4% of women. The severe sarcopenia indicators of combined low muscle strength, low muscle quantity and low physical performance were present in 0.3–2.2% of men and 0.2–6.2% of women. Using the clinical algorithm with SARC-F as a screening tool, the prevalence of probable sarcopenia (2.2%), confirmed sarcopenia (1.4%) and severe sarcopenia (0.8%) was low. Conclusions the prevalence of sarcopenia among community-dwelling older individuals varied depending on which components of the revised EWGSOP2 definition were used, such as the tools used to measure muscle strength and the ASM indicators for low muscle mass.

Sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in older people (EWGSOP) versus dynapenia as a risk factor for disability in the elderly

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago da Silva Alexandre ◽  
Y. A. De Oliveira Duarte ◽  
J. L. Ferreira Santos ◽  
R. Wong ◽  
M. L. Lebrão
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Older People ◽  
Working Group ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
European Working Group ◽  
European Working

scholarly journals Validation by experts of Risk of suicide Nursing Diagnosis in the elderly

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Girliani Silva de Sousa ◽  
Jaqueline Galdino Albuquerque Perrelli ◽  
Suzana de Oliveira Mangueira ◽  
Everton Botelho Sougey
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Binomial Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Content Validation ◽  
Nursing Diagnosis

ABSTRACT Objective: to validate the conceptual and operational definitions content of factors for Risk of suicide Nursing Diagnosis in the elderly. Method: this is validation of the conceptual and operational definitions content of factors for Risk of suicide in the elderly, performed by 15 experts, from November 2015 to March 2016. Risk factors were classified into three hierarchical chuncks. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and binomial test. Results: of the 54 validated risk factors, only eight presented problems regarding clarity, simplicity and accuracy: chronic pain, vision problems, retirement, frustration, medication neglect and depression. Only rigidity was not validated as relevant for the study diagnosis. Conclusion: content validation of the risk factors for Nursing Diagnosis can guide the clinical practice of the nurse in the early detection of risk of suicide in the elderly.

scholarly journals Pelatihan Keseimbangan dengan Penerapan Yoga pada Lansia dengan Risiko Jatuh di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Sabai Nan Aluih Sicincin

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-212
Author(s):  
Gusti Sumarsih ◽  
Fitra Yeni ◽  
Arif Rohman Mansur ◽  
Siti Annisa Irdhani
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Home Nursing ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors

Physical health problems that often occur in the elderly people, for instance falling down to floor. The physiological changing during the aging process increase the client's risk of falling and having an accident. Most falls occur when moving from a bed, stool, and toilet, when going into or out of the bathroom, tripping over the edge of a carpet or door, slipping on wet surfaces and going downstairs. There are many factors that play a role in the occurrence of falls in the elderly, both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The problems faced by the partners at this time include, there are 20 elderly people at the Social Home of Tresna Werdha Sabai Nan Aluih Sicincin, experiencing rheumatism, 10 seniors have experienced falls in the last 6 months, 35 elderly people experience urinary incontinence, the elderly do not know to minimize the risk of falling balance in the elderly has not been carried out and has not become a priority at the Social Home. Nursing staff identified cooperative elderly people to be provided with balance training with the application of Yoga. Activities were carried out in accordance with elderly guest houses to implement physical distancing due to pandemic Covid-19. Beside that, we provided leaflets of the Yoga’s training, some face masks, snack boxes, and cash for all elderly residents of the Sosial Home.

Correlation between sarcopenia and atherosclerosis/cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sousa-Coelho ◽  
M Botelho ◽  
C Guerreiro ◽  
S Pais
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Risk Of Falls

Abstract Introduction Sarcopenia is the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength and function. Uncontrolled diabetes, obesity, chronic inflammation and lipid abnormalities, cause decreases in muscle strength, which contributes to disease-related morbidity. Objectives The main goal of this study was to correlate the prevalence of sarcopenia with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk factors, mainly estimated by cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP) and HbA1c levels, in the elderly. Methodology A quantitative observational cross-sectional study was performed in a convenience sample of individuals aged over 60 years old recruited non-randomly. Main study variables were body composition (seca® mBCA515), muscle strength (peak torque, Humac NORM isokinetic dynamometer), risk of falls (TUG test), muscle function (LEFS) and lipids, inflammation and glycaemic profile (cobas b101-Roche®). Results Total cholesterol levels fully correlated with LDL and non-HDL cholesterol, and partially with triglycerides, but not with HDL-cholesterol levels, HbA1c, or BMI. LDL-cholesterol levels did not correlate with muscle mass (free-fat mass (%)), strength, function, or risk of falls. Similarly, HDL-cholesterol levels did not correlate with muscle function or falls risk. Cholesterol ratio, obtained by dividing total cholesterol by HDL-cholesterol levels, was significantly higher in individuals with CRP levels above 3 mg/L. Interestingly, when compared to normal values, individuals with triglycerides above 150 mg/dL showed a statistically significant decrease in muscle strength. Conclusion From the biochemical measured parameters, our data showed that only high triglycerides levels positively correlated with sarcopenia risk, demonstrated by reduced muscle strength. While cholesterol ratio positively correlated with increased inflammation, blood cholesterol levels seem to be independent factors regarding sarcopenia prevalence.

Physical Exercise Activity to Increase The Handgrip Strength in Elderly Populaiton During Covid-19: A Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
Hamid Mehmood ◽  
Muhammad Yaqoob ◽  
Ejaz Mahmood Ahmad Qureshi ◽  
Saleem Rana ◽  
Syed Amir Gilani
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Usual Practice ◽  
European Working

Objective: To determine palmar grip force (PGF) in elderly population and its correlation with different parameters used in the usual practice of evaluation of nutritional status in elderly populaiton. Methodology: It was obsevational, cross-sectional study. 300 elderly people over 65 years old, who were doing gym exercises at UFC gym and Structure gym, Lahore from December 2019 to July 2020. HS was obtained using the digital dynamometer model EH101, using the average of three measurements. The cutoff point considered for low muscle strength was HS < 27 kg for men and < 16 kg for women. The standard has been taken according to the 2019 consensus of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2, version 2019). For the statistical analysis, the Statistical Package for Social Science 24.0 program was used and chi square test was applied, considering it significant when p <0.05. Results: The sample consisted of elderly people with a mean age of 71.71 ± 5.97 years, of which 28% were aged between 65 and 75 years and 51.66% were male. In the analysis of the HS, we found 57.9% of the elderly with loss of muscle strength due to non-exercise during COVID-19. The muscle circumference of the arm and tricipital skin fold indicators found the highest percentages of malnutrition, 44.1% and 57.8%, respectively. HS showed a positive association  between age and handgrip test levels. Conclusion: There was a high frequency of elderly people with impaired strength, but HS correlated only with APMT, not showing a direct relationship with other anthropometric parameters used in the routine practice of assessment with the elderly. Therefore, HS, or at least the evaluation of APMT, becomes indispensable for the evaluation and physical exercise training of elderly persons during COVID-19 pandemic.  

scholarly journals Sarcopenia and Liver Cirrhosis—Comparison of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia Criteria 2010 and 2019

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Traub ◽  
Ina Bergheim ◽  
Martin Eibisberger ◽  
Vanessa Stadlbauer
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
European Working Group ◽  
European Working ◽  
High Risk Populations

The European Working group on Sarcopenia in Older People recently updated the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia. It is yet unclear how these modified criteria influence the rate of diagnosis in high risk populations, such as liver cirrhosis. We therefore assessed if the new diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia impacts on sarcopenia prevalence in liver cirrhosis. Within two years 114 cirrhotic patients were prospectively enrolled in the study. Sarcopenia was determined by muscle strength (handgrip strength), muscle mass (lumbal muscle index) and muscle performance (gait speed). Using the 2019 definition, the rate of pre-sarcopenia was significantly lower (30.7% versus 3.5%) due to the different starting points (2010 muscle mass, 2019 muscle strength) and cut-off values (muscle strength). The change in diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia drastically influences the rate of pre-sarcopenia diagnosis in cirrhotics. To evaluate, which diagnostic criteria should be chosen to diagnose sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis patients, prospective studies are needed.

scholarly journals The accuracy of the Ishii score chart in predicting sarcopenia in the elderly community in Chengdu

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Chen ◽  
Lisha Hou ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Shuyue Luo ◽  
Birong Dong
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Working Group ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Likelihood Ratios ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
European Working ◽  
Auc Value ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Abstract Background Sarcopenia is a disorder associated with age that reduces the mass of skeletal muscles, the strength of muscles, and/or physical activity. It increases the risk of fall incidence which can result in fractures, hospitalizations, limited movement, and considerably decreased quality of life. Hence, it is needed to explore candidate screening tools to evaluate sarcopenia in the initial phases. The reported studies have been revealed that the sensitivity and specificity of the Ishii score chart are higher. However, the Ishii score chart is principally based on the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) consensus. Recently, the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 consensus has updated its diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia,which was previously similar to the EWGSOP. Hence, it is necessary to determine whether the Ishii score chart is appropriate for use among the elderly population in China. The current study aimed to validate the precision of the Ishii score chart, within the Chinese old aged community to establish an effective model for the evaluation of sarcopenia. Methods The AWGS2019 sarcopenia diagnostic criteria were used as a standard, and among the elderly community, the accuracy of the Ishii score chart was determined by using indicators, including specificity, sensitivity, negative and positive predictive values, negative and positive likelihood ratios, Youden index, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results In the elderly Chengdu community, the prevalence rate of sarcopenia was 18.38 %, 19.91 % for males and 16.91 % for females. The Ishii score chart predicts sarcopenia at an AUC value of 0.84 with 95 % confidence interval (CI), ranging between 0.80 and 0.89 for females, and at an AUC value of 0.81 with 95 % CI, ranging between 0.75 and 0.86 for males.According to the original cut-off, which was set at 120 points for females, the corresponding sensitivity was 46.91 % and the specificity was 93.22 %. The 105 cut-off points (original) set for males revealed a corresponding sensitivity of 64.94 % and the specificity of 85.46 %. However, the original cut-off value exhibited low sensitivity, hence, we selected a new cut-off value. With the new cut-off value, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for sarcopenia were 75.31 %, 79.9 %, 43 %, and 94 % for females, and 70.65 %, 81.35 %, 49 %, and 92 % for males, respectively. Conclusions The Ishii score chart was used for the prediction of sarcopenia in the old-age people of the Chengdu community and the obtained results showed a high value of predictability. Hence, more than 95 and 102 points were suggested for males and females, accordingly which can set to be the diagnostic cut-off values for the prediction of sarcopenia.

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